Ho tsoa sengoloeng sena o tla ithuta ho lema lobelia ho tloha lipeo, ha ho le molemo ho e lema selemong sena ho latela Khalendara ea Lunar mme eseng feela. Empa pele, a re boneng hore na ke semela sa mofuta ofe - lobelia.
Lobelia ke semela se tlotsang se tlokomang sa lipalesa se tlotsitsoeng ka makhasi se bitsoang herbaceous, shrub kapa semi-shrub. Moeti oa Afrika Boroa o ile a mela Russia. E thunya hlabula kaofela. Makhasi a tšoeu, a boputsoa, bopinki, bopherese, lipalesa tse khubelu tsa lipalesa tse nyane li koahela makhasi a semela. Bolelele le bophahamo ba lithupa li latela mefuta e mengata ea lobelia. Semela sa selemo le selemo ka pitseng se tlisoa mariha ntlong, moo lobelia e leng teng pele e jala betheng ea lipalesa selemong se tlang. Litsebi tsa lipalesa li khabisa lipalesa tsa serapa ka lipalesa tsena. Ho fumana lipeo tse matla le tse matla tsa lobelia, ho bohlokoa ho tseba likarolo tsa eona, theknoloji, melao ea ho e jala le ho e hlokomela.
Matsatsi a ho jala lobelia ea lipeo
Lobelia e jalisoa ke peo (tsoele pele ho mela ea eona e bolokiloe lilemo tse 3), nako le nako ka li-cuttings. Semela sea hlaha ebile sea hola butle. Ho khothalletsoa ho jala ha ho ntse ho na le lehloa seterateng. Sena se tiisa lipalesa mathoasong a lehlabula. Kamora ho jala, kamora matsatsi a 5-10, ho tla hlaha lipeo tsa pele, mme kamora 50-60 lobelia e tla thunya. Ha re se re jalile peo ka Mphalane, semela se tla khahlisa feela ka June.
Bothata bo teng molemong oa hore lihora tsa motšehare li sa le khuts'oane, 'me lipeo tsa lobelia li hloka lihora tse 10 tsa mabone a felletseng. Ka hona, ho lema lintho tse sebelisoang ka tlung hoa bonesoa ka lifoto kapa li holiloe ka ho lema limela tse futhumetseng.
Ho lumeloa hore lijalo tsa Hlakubele li kopana le kholo ea Hlakubele. Sena se ka netefatsoa ka ho jala lipeo tse peli ka nako e fapaneng le ka ho khetha nako e nepahetseng bakeng sa sebaka sa hau.
Lobelia e jala ka sebaka
Etsa qeto mabapi le ho qala ho jala, o nahane ka maemo a leholimo a sebaka seo. Ka boroa ho naha, lipeo li lenngoe ka Pherekhong esita le ka Pherekhong, ho khabisa libethe tsa lipalesa le ho tšela meeli ea tsela ea serapeng pele ho mocheso.
Ha u jala peō ea lobelia, eseng feela maemo a leholimo a sebaka, empa le lintlha tsa boemo ba leholimo lia tsotelloa.
| Sebaka | Mots'eanong | Mmesa | Mots'eanong |
| Tikoloho ea Krasnodar | + 4 ... +9 ° C | + 9 ... +16 ° C | + 15 ... +22 ° C |
| Karelia | -5 ... - 2 ° C | + 1 ... +5 ° C | + 7 ... +13 ° C |
| Russia Bohareng | -8 ... 0 ° C | + 1 ... +10 ° C | + 8 ... +19 ° C |
| Siberia | -8 ... -3 ° C | + 2 ... + 8 ° C | + 7 ... +14 ° C |
| Yakutia | -19 ... -14 ° C | -6 ... - 2 ° C | + 4 ... + 11 ° C |
| Bochabela bo Hare | -4 ... -9 ° C | + 1 ... +8 ° C | + 8 ... +16 ° C |
Ka boroa ho Russia, ho qala ka Phato, motho a ka qala ho jala peo. Litereke tse ka leboea li chechisoa ka Mphalane. Baahi ba Siberia le Urals ba qala mosebetsi mafelong a Hlakubele. Ha tšokelo ea serame sa bosiu e felile, o ka fetisetsa lipeo tsa lobelia litsing, 'me o ntše lipalesa tse tsamaeang seterateng.
Matsatsi a jalang khalendara ea Lunar bakeng sa 2019
Bakeng sa ba rerileng ho sebetsa jareteng ho latela almanaka ea khoeli, ho eletsoa hore ba khethe matsatsi a latelang a ho jala lobelia:
| Khoeli | Matsatsi a loketseng bakeng sa ho lema lobelia | Matsatsi a mabe | |
| Selemo se le seng | Mokoena | ||
| Pherekhong | 17-19, 23-27 | 14-19, 23-27 | 5, 6, 21 |
| Hlakola | 6-8, 11-17, 21-25 | 11-13, 20-25 | 4-6, 19, |
| Mots'eanong | 12-17, 19, 20 | 12-17, 19, 20, 27-30 | 6, 7, 21 |
| Mmesa | 6-8, 11-13, 15-17, 29,30 | 6-8, 11-13, 15-17, 24-26, 29, 30 | 5, 19 |
| Mots'eanong | 8-17, 21-23, 26-28 | 6-8, 10-17, 21-23, 26-28, 31 | 5, 19 |
| Phuptjane | 1, 2, 5, 6, 9-13, 16, 18-20 | 1, 2, 5, 6, 9-13, 16, 18-20, 27-30 | 3, 4, 17 |
| Phupu | 8-10, 25-31 | 8-12, 25-31 | 2, 3, 17 |
Mobu le litanka tsa lobelia
Mobu oa semela o bobebe, o bohloka, o balloa ka pH e sa sebetseng kapa e nyane haholo. Sena se ka hlahlojoa habonolo ke liteko tsa litmus kapa asene. Mobu o beoa sekhechaneng sa khalase ebe o nosetsoa ka tharollo. Boikutlo bo lakatsehang ke ba nakoana.
Sebelisa mobu o nang le limatlafatsi tse lokisitsoeng kapa u lokise motsoako oa mobu. Ho khothalletsoa sebopeho se latelang (2: 2: 2: 1):
- sebaka sa serapa;
- peat;
- humus;
- lehlabathe la noka.
Sebelisa mefuta e mengata ea motsoako: vermiculite, lehlabathe la noka e koahelehileng, mobu oa jarete kapa humus.
Etsa kopo ea motsoako oa likarolo tse joalo, nka karolo e le 'ngoe:
- lehlabathe la noka;
- naha ea peat kapa makhasi;
- mobu o soddy;
- substrate ea kokonate.
Karolo e kholo ea lintho tse phelang mobung e hlohlelletsa kholo ea sejalo ka lipalesa tse qalikaneng. Vermiculite e fokotsa acidity ea mobu, e eketsa phumano le ho bokella metsi. Sena se na le phello e molemo ntlafatsong ea lobelia.
Ho loketse ho sebelisa matlapa a peat a itokiselitseng. Li rekisoa ka boholo bo fapaneng le ka lisele tse khethehileng tsa polasetiki, likotoana tse 6, 50, tse 100. Peo ea mela, ea mela ka metso ea ba ea fetisetsoa sebakeng se sa feleng hammoho le substrate.
Motsoako oa mobu pele o jala o tšoaetsoa disinate:
- calcated ontong;
- e qapiloeng ka metsi a belang;
- e tšoaroa ka tharollo ea 1% ea potasiamo permanganate;
- futhumatsa banyalani;
- sebelisa fungicides Previkur kapa Maxim.
Bakeng sa ho jala peō ea lobelia:
- mabokose a lehong kapa a polasetiki;
- linoelo tse sebelisitsoeng le linkho bakeng sa lihlahisoa tsa lebese;
- li-egghells le ho paka;
- mekotla ea tee; likhaseti tsa polasetiki.
Sejana se lokela ho hlatsuoa ka soda kapa ho sebetsoa ka potasiamo permanganate. Ho thibela ho bola ha metso, masoba a drainage a etsoa ka tlase ho lijana. Plastiki e phunngoa habonolo ka pente kapa lehare le kentsoeng ka mollo.
Mong Dachnik o khothaletsa: mekhoa e fapaneng ea ho jala lobelia
Peo tse likete tse 45 li fumanehile ka grama e le ngoe ea thepa ea ho jala. E pakiloe ka har'a liphutheloana tsa pampiri, li-ampoules, mekotla ea zip ea polasetiki. Ho latela hore lipeo li nyane, khetha mokhoa oa ho jala.
Ka setso, lobelia e jaloa ka lebokoseng. Etsa lintho tse latelang tse latellanang:
- tšela lisenthimithara tse 1 tsa drainage ka tlase ho tanka;
- tlatsitsoe ka motsoako oa mobu ke likarolo tse tharo;
- nosetsa mobu ka litharollo tsa potasiamo permanganate kapa fungicide;
- lekanya bokaholimo le sebaka;
- kopanya peo ea lobelia le lehlabathe pampiring;
- jala ka mokhoa o lekanang sebakeng sohle sa mobu;
- koahela lebokose ka filimi kapa khalase;
- beha sebakeng se khanyang se nang le mocheso oa moea + 23 ... +25 ° C.
Litsebi tsa limela li leka ka mekhoa e mecha ea ho jala peō ea lobelia.
Toothpick
Mobu o ka lebokoseng o koahetsoe ke lehloa. Peō e hasantsoeng e bonahala hantle mobung o mosoeu. Ka thuso ea thipa ea meno, ba phatlalalitsoe ka mokhoa o tšoanang mobung.
Hydrogen peroxide
Lipeo tsa Lobelia li kenngoa ka khalase ebe li tšeloa metsotso e 5-10 ka hydrogen peroxide. Metsi aa eketsoa, a tsoakoe le khaba e tšela motsoako holim'a mobu o lokisitsoeng.
Mekotla ea tee
Khaola sebaka sa gluing le thapo, otlolla mokotla. Welding e sala e le drainage le moiteli. Ka sephutheloana, bokella lefatše ebe o tšela ka mokotleng oa polasetiki. Peo e le 'ngoe e hasitsoe holim'a lefats'e le tšolotsoeng, le kopaneng ka mekotleng.
Pampiri ea ntloaneng
Stack 2-3 lithaele tsa pampiri ea ntloana ntlaneng ea filimi ea polasetiki. Metsi ka metsi. Peo e behelletsoe ka likhama ka mora cm cm 2-4. 1.5 cm e khutla pheletsong ea mola. Peo e hasaneng e koahetsoe ka pampiri e ngoe ebe e phuthoa. Koala ka lebanta le kopaneng ebe o hokela lebitso le nang le mabitso a mefuta le letsatsi. Tšela moqolo ka khalase ebe u eketsa metsi ka cm cm, sekoaelo. Peo e ponelitsoeng ea mela 'me e lenngoe ka har'a lijana kahare le pampiri.
Lipilisi tsa Peat
Tsela e sebetsang. Matlapa a tšeloa ka metsi a belang bakeng sa metsotso e 10, 'me ka mor'a ho ruruha ha peat, lobelia e jaloa. Lipeo tse holileng, hammoho le peat, li fetisetsoa pitseng kapa tse lenngoeng betheng ea lipalesa, moeli.
Laminate fatse
Mokhoa ona o bitsoa "konokono". Metsotsoana ea limithara tse 10 cm e khaoloa ho tloha mohokahong o menahaneng oa limilimithara tse peli. Sebakeng se kolobisitsoeng sa thepa, 20-30 cm e beoa ho tloha pheletsong e le 'ngoe ea mobu ebe e phuthoa ka hloko ho "cochlea". Roll e sirellelitsoe ka lihlopha tsa elastic, e behiloe ka mokhoa o otlolohileng mme e eketsoa mobung. Peo ea likotoana tse 10 e ajoa ka leino le mongobo ho isa ho 5 cm ka hanyane, mongobo. Ba beha moqolo ka sekontiri se fetisang lintho tse bobebe ebe ka tloaelo ba se koahela ka khalase kapa filimi.
Tlhokomelo ea peo ea Lobelia
Shots e hlaha kamora matsatsi a 5-10. Metso ea semela e mela haufi le bokaholimo, kahoo ha mobu o omella, makhasi a shoa ka mor'a lihora tse 'maloa. Fafatsa lipeo letsatsi le leng le le leng 'me u tlose kotulo e koahelang sekoti. Sena se fokotsa kotsi ea ho bola hoa metso le nts'etsopele ea leoto le letšo. Matsatsi a pele etsa sena metsotso e 10, ebe halofo ea hora. E susumetsoa ke ho eketsa tse 20 letsatsi le leng le le leng.
Mabone
Lipeo li beoa ka tlasa khanya ea letsatsi kapa mahlaseli a khanya a letsatsi bakeng sa lihora tse 12-14. Sebelisa lifoto ka ho hloka leseli la tlhaho. Ka khanya e khanyang ea letsatsi, makhasi a koahetsoe ka pampiri kapa mabokose a lipeo a behiloe lifensetereng tse ka bophirima.
Ho eletsa mocheso bakeng sa Lobelia ea hlaha + 13 ... +17 ° C.
Ho nosetsa
Ho omella ha mobu ho hlaha lobelia e mamella bobe ho feta mongobo o feteletseng. Makhasi a petsoha mme semela sea shoa. Peō ea peo ea pele e nosetsoa ho potoloha botelele ba tanka, kamora nako e le tlasa metso ea limela. Etsa bonnete ba hore ha ho na metsi a fetelletseng lipokothong. Sena se ka lebisa ho mafu a seedling. Bakeng sa nosetso sebelisa metsi a behiloeng ka mocheso oa kamore.
Ho apara ka holimo
Kenya manyolo ka bongata. Bakeng sa lipeo tsa khoeli le khoeli, tharollo ea tharollo e fokotseha ka makhetlo a 2-3.
Khetha
Nako ea ts'ebetso e khethoa ke palo ea makhasi - 2-3 le bophahamo ba semela lisenthimithara tse 4. Cheka sehlopha sa limela likotoana tse 4-10, penya metso mme o ts'ela ka lump ea lefats'e ka lijaneng tse bophara ba cm 8-9. Sebelisa tee e le lisebelisoa. Lipeo tse tlotsitsoeng li fafatsoa ka tharollo ea Epin bakeng sa tloaelo. Marotholi a mararo a moriana a qhibilihile ho litara e le ngoe ea metsi.
Ts'oara
Bokaholimo ba lehlaka bo nang le makhasi a 5-6, a tlosoa ka cm cm cm 5. Sena se sireletsa lipeo ho hola hofeta. Kahoo, theha sehlahla se tlokomang 'me u lokise lipalesa tse ngata tse tlang. Lobelia e qala ho thunya pele e fetisoa, e ntse e le ka lipitseng tse nyane kapa ka mekotleng.
Ho tima
Matšoao ho thermometer ea seterateng a fihla ho + 10 ... +15 ° C - re lokisa lipeo bakeng sa ho lema mobung o bulehileng. Mabokose a nang le thepa ea ho jala a ntšetsoa seterateng kapa foranteng bakeng sa metsotso e 5-10 libeke tse peli pele a fetisoa. Nako ea ho thatafatsa e eketseha butle butle. Ebe ba tloha moeeng o mocha o tletseng motšehare, ebe bosiu.
Shebella boemo ba leholimo ba leholimo ho qoba lefu la lipeo ka lebaka la serame sa bosiu.
Ho fetisoa
Lobelia e lenngoe mobung o bulehileng ka Mots'eanong, qalong ea Phato. Li-soams tse loamy kapa lehlabathe la lehlabathe lia khethoa. Palesa ea lipalesa e lokela ho khantšoa hantle. Sebaka sa libethe se lokela ho khethoa e le hore limela li ka fumana mahlaseli a letsatsi, empa nakong ea mocheso oa motšeare ho ne ho e-na le moriti o itseng. Lipeo li lenngoe ka lihlopha tsa limela tse 5-10. Sebaka se pakeng tsa lihlahla ke cm cm 10-15. Lihlahla tse thehiloeng li theha meeli ea lipalesa tse mebala e mengata mme li theha chebo e felileng ea libethe tsa lipalesa.
