Palesa ea palesa ke palesa ea lelapa la Asteraceae le tsoang Europe Boroa. Hangata lijalo tsa Grassy li hola joalo ka mofoka masimong, makhulong a limela le mehlareng ea moru. Ka lebaka la botle bo botle ba lijalo tsa poone tse tloaelehileng, limela li lengoa molemong oa setso molemong oa sekolo, likolo tsa sekolo sa likonyana, li-kindergartens le lirapa tsa meroho. Naheng ea Russia, Centaurea e amahanngoa le boputsoa ba leholimo, empa ka tlhaho ho na le lilac, 'mala o mosehla, o pinki, o mosoeu le o fapaneng. Mefuta e meraro: Moru oa phaene, Dubyansky, Taliev, o thathamisitsoe ho Buka e Khubelu.
Tšimoloho ea lijalo tsa poone
Lipalesa tsa mabone a palesa li fumane lebitso la tsona ho tsoa lentsoeng la seGreike "basilikon", le bolelang "setso sa borena". Semela sena se rehiloe lebitso la Slavs Boroa, ba sebelisang moetlo meketeng ea lepato le meketeng ea lepato. Moelelo oa Selatine oa poone ea lipalesa kapa "mabotho a poone" a fetoleloa e le "lipalesa tse lekholo tse tšoeu."
Li-inflorescence tsa poone
"Centaurea" ea botanical e alimiloe ho tsoa ho lentsoe la Gerike "kentaureion", moelelo oa lona o hokahana le centaur Chiron, mofolisi oa tšōmong ea nang le tlhaiso-leseling ka thepa ea pholiso ea limela tsa herbaceous, ho kenyelletsa le lipalesa tsa naha.
Tlhaloso ea lipalesa
Kantle, lipalesa tsa poone li shebahala joalo ka lihlahla tse khabisitsoeng ka holimo kapa lihlahla tse otlolohileng ho fihlela li le 200 cm, makhasi a hola ka mokhoa o fapaneng, a na le sebopeho se felletseng kapa se nang le sepheo, inflorescences foromo ea basekete le sebopeho sa cylindrical. Bare kapa li-pubescent scaly wrappers li rata ho hola ka lihlopha kapa likarolo tse le 'ngoe ka panicle le inflorescence ea corymbose. Lipalesa tse mahlakoreng li phuthoa ka meqomong ea lipalesa.
Tlhaloso ea motso oa palesa ea lipalesa tsa poone ea mefuta e fapaneng e bonts'a likarolo tsa sebopeho:
- ho ba teng ha methapo e mengata ea metso;
- molamu o matla o lahliloeng;
- lits'ebetso tse telele tsa makala;
- makala a makgutshwane;
- metso e teteaneng.
Ho elelloa. Khetholla lipakeng tsa selemo le selemo, tsa mefuta e 'meli le e sa lekanyetsoang ea Centaurea.
Melemo ea motsoako o motala oa 'mala o moputsoa o atile: joalo ka semela sa mahe a linotsi, semela se hohela bafetoleli ho libethe tsa lipalesa kapa li-orchid, kalafo ea kalafo e khethollang tšebeliso ea palesa bakeng sa ho etsa litlatsetso tsa kalafo bakeng sa ho loants'a mafu a liphio. Monko o monate oa lipeo tsa setso o se o lemohile har'a litsebi tsa theknoloji le baetsi ba litlolo le litlolo. Mafura a bohlokoa a etsa hore tloaelo ea tšilo ea lijo, hlasimolohe.
Mefuta le mefuta ea poone ea mabone
Sejalo sa poone sa lelapa la Astrov se na le mefuta e 500. Limela li fapana ka boholo ba kutu, sebopeho sa lipalesa (terry, eseng terry) le mofuta oa methapo. Tšimo e tloaelehileng ka ho fetisisa, jarete, mehendi, mefuta e mongobo ea lipalesa tsa mabele.
Motsoako o khanyang oa mefuta ea poone ea mabone
Lipalesa tsa naheng
Mohlahisi oa poone oa masimong o bonolo ho o khetholla ka kutu ea bolelele ba 80 cm, e nang le lipalesa tse khubelu tse khanyang. Lihlahisoa tsa makhasi a matala li tšesaane ebile li bolelele. Tloaelo ea biennial e fumaneha hangata masimong a rye a Russia.
Ka mefuta-futa ea Senyesemane, tšimo ea mabele ea poone e ema ka thoko ho palesa ea Bola e ntšo e nang le basket ea lithane tsa chokolete. Mefuta e mengata ea Blue Diadem e ratoa haholo ke lipalesa tse ngata tsa morara, tse nkiloeng e le motheo oa ho theha lesela le emeng, Florence Pink ke sehlahla se kopaneng sa mmala o mopinki o pherese.
Mophato o mosehla
Centaurea e nang le lihlooho tse kholo e fetolela lipalesa tse tsoang ho Latin joalo ka lipalesa tse 100 tsa poone. Ka vivo, motho o fumanoa Siberia, Kamchatka le Urals. Mefuta ea limela tse hlaha e khabisa masimo ka lijo-thollo (koro, rye, folaxe) le meroho. Sebaka sa tsoalo ea semela ke Mediterranean. Palesa e hola ho fihla ho 1-1,5 m ka bolelele, e bopa li-inflorescence tse kholo. Ho etsa 'mala o mosehla o mosehla kapa o mosehla. Bophara - cm cm 7. Ka lebaka la libaskete tse kholo, setso se ferekantsoe ke leraba.
E khahla. Meleng ea setso, 'mala oa phoofo o fuoa mokhoa oa bongaka kalafo ea khoele ea phefumoloho e kaholimo.
Palesa e pinki
Mefuta ea bana ea Pink Pink (e fetoletsoeng e le lesea le pinki) e khahlisa ba ratang limela tse nyane tse nang le lipalesa tse mmala o mopinki kapa o 'mala oa melumo e' meli. Mefuta e fapa-fapaneng e boetse e khona ho khabisa lipalesa ka lipalesa tsa poone tse tšoeu, tse pherese le tse pinki. Perennial e hola ho fihla ho cm 80. Ka stems tse telele ho na le lipoleiti tse makhasi a matala tse koahetsoeng ke lebese fluff.
Palesa e tsoeu
Ka tlhaho, lipalesa tse tšoeu tsa poone li tloaelehile libakeng tse majoe tsa Caucasus le Iran Leboea. Moetlo o theha lihlahla tse teteaneng ka cm cm 55. Makhasi a tlase ho petiole e telele a qheletsoe ka thoko, a pentiloe ka lithane tse tala tse lefifi ka holimo, ebe karolo e tlase ea lekhasi e soeufalitsoe.
Li-inflorescence tsa poone li na le bosoeu bo le bong, li na le bophara ba cm 4. Har'a mefuta ea mantlha ea mofuta ona, John Coutts e khetholletsoe, e nang le li-inflorescence tse kholo tse pentiloeng ka lipente tse bonolo tsa pinki haufi le metsamao. Semela se thunya ho tloha ka Phupu ho fihlela ka Loetse.
Mefuta e fapaneng ea Bochabela
Ka sejalo sa poone se sa feleng se bophahamo ba bochabela ba cm cm, lipalesa tse kholo tsa 'mala oa mosehla lia hola. Lithuto tsa moetlo ona li kholo haholo. Mefuta e fapa-fapaneng e khabisa 'me hangata e fumanoa makaleng a lipalesa a Russia.
Palesa ea mohloaare e putsoa
Palesa ea palesa
Sebaka se ikhethileng maemong a lijalo tsa poone tse pherese li fuoa mefuta e fapaneng ea Amberboa musky - semela sa selemo le selemo se bolelele ba 70 cm le monko o monate. Semela se entsoe ka makhasi, makhasi a le botala bo khanyang bo nang le mahlakore a serated. Baskete e thehoa ke lipalesa tse mebala-bala tse nang le mekhabiso e betliloeng. Sebaka seo motho a holang ho sona se khetha hore na sejalo se tla ba le nako mang, hangata se ba sehlakahlahisoa ho tloha ka June ho fihlela Mphalane. Semela se mamella komello.
Mofuta oa poone oa phrygian (Centaurea phrygia) - lijalo tse sa tloaelehang tse tsebahalang haholo Russia, ka lebaka la melemo e 'maloa:
- boholo bo fapaneng ka boholo - 30-130 cm;
- lipalesa tse kholo, tse 5 cm ka bophara;
- makhasi a mahareng;
- marangrang a holimo ka mokhoa o nang le likarolo le likarolo tse ntšo tse senotsoeng.
Phrygian ea bohata e fapaneng e shebahala joaloka phalgian poone. Phapang e ka 'mala o sootho oa liapulo le ho ba sieo ha makhasi a makhasi a polaka. Ho thunthung ha perennial Centaurea preudophrygia ho bonoa lehlabula le mathoasong a hoetla. E hola bohareng ba Russia.
Mefuta e khubelu
Semela sa selemo le selemo se fumaneha moepeng le libakeng tsa temo, se bonahala ka ho hlaka ho tsoa likepeng tse nyane tse fofang sebakeng se bophahamo ba 1 km. Sekhahla se emeng, lekala le tsoa tlase. Makhasi a koaetsoe ka likhoka, li-pubescent. Semela se na le bofubelu le bopherese, bopinki bo pherese, bo bosehla letsatsing. Lipalesa li tšoarella ka Mots'eanong-Mphalane.
E khahla. Centaurea tchihatcheffii e hlahisa thahasello ea taxonomic lipulong tse bonts'itsoeng tse bobebe tse nang le sehiloeng. Semela se hlaha libakeng tse omeletseng le tse mpe se tla hola ho fihla ho 40-50 cm.
Li-Cornflowers Centaurea tchihatcheffii
Landing
Mefuta ea mantlha ea mabele a poone e arotsoe ka lihlopha tse peli: xerophytes le mesophytes.
Lintho tsa pele li na le karolo ea bohlokoa: li lahleheloa ke bokhoni ba ho ikatisa ha li fepuoa haholo kamora ho lema le ho hola mobung o nonneng. Li-Xerophytes li khetha maemo a thata a bophelo. Li hola hantle lehlabatheng le se nang letho, 'me li haola le asphalt le samente. Ka jareteng, libaka tse lehlabathe le tse sentsoeng li abeloa palesa, ho latela molao oa mantlha: mobu o tlameha ho lokoloha mme o be le metsi a matle, le phefumoloho. Mobu oa Acidic ha o amohelehe. Pele u jala peo, ho eletsoa ho khelosa pH ka phofo ea dolomite le kalaka.
Ho elelloa. Li-Mesophytes ke limela tse bobebe tsa mehendi (palesa ea phofo ea poone, bonolo, Phrygian), e rata mobu o mongobo. Acidity ea mobu e khothalletsoa ho se nke lehlakore.
Sebaka se loketseng
Bakeng sa ho lema lithunthung tsa poone, sebaka se nang le likhohola tse nang le khanya ea letsatsi se loketse. Ho ntlafatsa mekhabiso, lijalo tsa poone tse sa feleng li lenngoeng le lihlahla tse ling tse sa koaheloang mobung o bulehileng. Likoloi tse behiloeng pheletsong li tla fumana boholo ba khanya ea letsatsi le ho hanyetsa mafu, li qala ho ngatafala hantle, 'me ho lema le ho hola ha ho na ho baka mathata.
Mohato ka mohato
Jalang peo
Ha ho hlokahale ho lokisa lipeo bakeng sa lijalo tsa poone - lijalo li mela hantle ha li jala peo mobung o bulehileng. Nako e ntle ea ho jala lipeo ke April kapa September. Mobu o qala ho lokolloa ebe ho entsoe masoba a peo ea cm cm 1.5.
Sebaka se pakeng tsa mela le mefuta e meholo ke 10 cm (o ka taka serala) - ka nako e boletsoeng, batho ka bomong ba tla tšehetsana ha ba ntse ba hola. Ha u lema mefuta e sa lekanyetsoang, lipakeng tsa masoba a emelana le li-cm tse 20 - li-compact lihlahla li na le thepa ea ho thula le ho holisa ka bophara. Ho haella ha sebaka sa nts'etsopele ho baka ho senyeha ha lipalesa, lithunthung li ba mosesane, li-buds li hola hanyane li bile li felle.
Bohlokoa! Lijalo tsa selemo le selemo tse jetsoeng nakong ea selemo li tla thunya kamora likhoeli tse peli. Meroho e jetsoeng mathoasong a November e tla khahlisa ka mebala e khanyang ea inflorescence bakeng sa selemo sa bobeli.
Peo ea mabele ea Terry
Ho arola likarolo
Metsoako ea poone ea khale e na le thepa ea ho holisa le ho lahleheloa ke thepa ea ho khabisa, ho e arola le ho lema sehlahla hang ka mor'a lilemo tse tharo ho tla thusa ho thibela ketsahalo ena. Ha o arola li-cornflowers tsa jarete ea ka mehla, lihlahla tse nang le li-buds tse 3-4 li beoa sebakeng se secha, li shebile lekhalo la cm 20-50.
Ela hloko! Lihlahla tsa palesa li jala ka katleho ka ho ikala, haeba u tlohela li-peduniking sehlahleng ho pona.
Tlhokomela lijalo tsa mabele
Ho latela mefuta-futa, nako ea lijalo tsa poone e ntseng e hola sebakeng se le seng e fihlela lilemo tse 10. Batho ba tlhaho ba mariha ntle le tšireletso, ba khona ho mamella serame se matla (baqapi ba bangata ba nepahetse ka mokhoa o nepahetseng ba khabisa lijakete tse futhumetseng ka lijalo tsa mabele). Leha ho le joalo, ho nosetsa ho feteletseng, ho thekesela ha metsi setšeng, mongobo o feteletseng oa mobu - lira tsa mantlha tsa moetlo ona, li baka mafu a fungal.
Mokhoa oa ho nosetsa
Lipalesa tsa naha ha li mamelle metsi a mangata, esita le mefuta e ratang mongobo e hola hantle ka ho nosetsa lefatše ka mokhoa o itekanetseng.
Ho apara ka holimo
Ho fepa lipalesa tsa mohloaare ka Kristallin ho lelefatsa nako ea lipalesa. Khahliso e khothalletsoang ea kopo - makhetlo a 2 / khoeli. Fertilize setso mo khokahanong ea 20-30 g / m². Ho eketsa tekanyetso ho baka mahlaseli a makhasi le lefu la limela.
Mixborder le li-selemo
Haeba u fa lijalo tsa poone ka tlhokomelo e nepahetseng, lipalesa tse bobebe li tla fana ka botle le mofuthu o motle ho beng ba tsona. Hangata, lijalo li lenngoa masimong a sehlopha, khahlano le semela sa li-dais tse tšoeu tse tšoeu, mabili le lehlohlojane. Limela li shebahala hantle ho li-tubs le lipalesa tsa lipalesa tsa volumetric. Lipalesa li sebelisetsoa ho kuta le lirapeng tsa majoe.
