Nikulinsky litapole - tse phahameng-tse tenyetsehang tse fapa-fapaneng. E na le ts'ireletso e rarahaneng ho mafu a sa tšoaneng. E etselitsoe ho pheha lijo tse entsoeng ka mahahapa, ho sebetsoa ka li-granulates le lihlahisoa tse omeletseng. E atile haholo Russia, e hōlileng linaheng tse ling.
Ka mor'a hore u bale sehlooho sena, u tla khona ho ithuta ho eketsehileng ka litapole tsa Nikulinsky. Re tla u hlalosetsa tlhaloso ea mefuta-futa, litšoaneleho tsa eona tse ka sehloohong, haholo-holo mekhoa ea temo. Hape re tla bua ka maloetse ao a ntseng a hlaseloa 'me ke likokoana-hloko tse kae tse ka hlahisang chai.
Libaka tse hōlang
Semela ea litapole Nikulinsky e kene ka ngolisong ea mmuso ea Russia Federation ka 1996 tlasa palo ea 15-078-99. Mothehi oa li-subspecies ke GNU VNII. Patent ke ea semela sa litapole se bitsoa A.G. Lorch.
Li-subspecies li hōla karolong e ka Leboea, Middle Volga, libakeng tse bohareng. Hangata e fumanoa serapeng sa Moscow, Yaroslavl, Ivanovo, Vladimir, Perm, Nizhny Novgorod libakeng tse ling. E hōlileng ka Altai, Krasnodar Krai. E loketse ho hōla Urals le Siberia.
E boetse e fumaneha Belarus, Kazakhstan, India, China, Ukraine, Moldova. E khona ho mamella moea o pholileng oa moea, ho fetoha ha boemo ba leholimo. Ho mamella pula ea selemo, komello, sefako.
Nikulinsky litapole: tse fapa-fapaneng tlhaloso
| Lebitso la mabitso | Nikulinsky |
| Litšobotsi tse tloaelehileng | table tafoleng e fapaneng mefuta e fapa-fapaneng ea Russia ho ikatisa le sehlahisoa se tsitsitseng |
| Nako ea botšehali | Matsatsi a 115-120 |
| Tšoaetso ea starch | 12-21% |
| Bongata ba li-tubers tsa khoebo | 70-120 gr |
| Palo ea li-tuber morung | 8-12 |
| Tlisa | 170-300 (boholo ba 410) c / ha |
| Boleng ba bareki | Tatso e monate, ho pheha hantle |
| Ho tsosolosoa | 95% |
| 'Mala oa letlalo | mosehla |
| 'Mala o motala | tšoeu |
| Libaka tse ntseng li hōla tse khethiloeng | North, North-West, Central, Volga-Vyatka, Middle Volga, Ural, Siberian Bophirimela |
| Mafu a ho hanyetsa | ka tsela e itekanetseng e hanyetsanang le litlhōrō tse mpe tsa morao-rao le li-tubers, tse anngoeng ke lejoe le tloaelehileng le leoto le letšo, le khahlanong le livaerase |
| Lintho tsa ho hōla | e arabela hantle ho kenyelletsoa ha tekanyo e phahameng ea menontsha ea diminerale |
| Moqapi | Setsi sa Potapo Farm ea bona. A.G. Lorch |
Lihlahla ke limela tse telele haholo. Bofubelu bo ka fihla ho cm 80. Lehlaka le emisoa ka makala a mangata. Makala a na le makhasi a mangata. Makhasi a arohane, emerald. E-ba le serrated moeling. Halo maroon-pherese moriti. Ho tloha ka hare le ka ntle ho na le 'mala o mosoeu oa lehloa. Mobala oa anthocyanin oa buds o fokola haholo. Li-tubers li arohane, li pota. E-ba le moriti o mosoeu oa lehloa.
Phula ea litholoana e na le mohaho o motenya. Mahlo a manyenyane, a se nang mebala. E fumaneha ka palo e kholo ea litapole. Motsoako oa 'mala o mosoeu oa lehloa. Ha u khaola litholoana u se ke ua fifala. Sefuba se seng se ka boima ka 70-120 g. Li-specimens tse kholo li fihlella ligrama tse 135. Boemo ba starch bo tloaelehileng ke 12-21%.
Tatso ea litapole e itšetlehile haholo ka palo ea starch li-tubers tsa eona. Ka tafole ka tlaase u ka bona hore na sepone sena se mefuta e sa tšoaneng:
| Lebitso la mabitso | Tšoaetso ea starch |
| Nikulinsky | 12-21% |
| Svitanok Kiev | 18-19% |
| Cheri | 11-15% |
| Artemis | 13-16% |
| Tuscany | 12-14% |
| Yanka | 13-18% |
| Lilac fog | 14-17% |
| Openwork | 14-16% |
| Desiree | 13-21% |
| Santana | 13-17% |
Photo
Setšoantšo sena se bontša limela tsa litapole Nikulinsky
Tlisa
Litapole li lengoa ke Nikulinskiy sebopeho: subspecies e bua ka mefuta e sa tsoaneng ea ho butsoa. Ho tloha ho letlobo la pele la lipeo ho ea ho sebelisoa theknoloji, matsatsi a 115-120 a feta.
Kotulo e phethiloe ho elella bofelong ba September - pele ho October. Li-subspecies li na le chai e ngata e tsitsitseng. E nang le li-square meter tse 10. m) bokella 30-45 lik'hilograma tsa litholoana. Li-170-300 tsa litapole li kotuloa ho tloha ho 1 ha. Sehlahisoa se seholo ke batho ba 410. Mefuta ea boleng ba khoebo e pakeng tsa 70 le 95%. Mefuta e fapa-fapaneng e loketse ho reka le ho rekisa. Empa maemong a mangata e rekisetsoa bareki feela limmarakeng tsa meroho.
Ho tsitsa ho molemo haholo, ho lekana le 95%. Litapole li bolokiloe libakeng tse pholileng tsa meroho ka likhoeli tse fetang 6. E ka bolokoa matlong a botho, likamoreng tsa bolulo, liphahlo. Bala ho eketsehileng ka maemo, mocheso, libaka le lisebelisoa tsa polokelo. Mabapi le mokhoa oa ho boloka litapole nakong ea mariha, kamoreng e ka tlas'a lefatše, ka le foranteng, ka likontiri, ka sehatsetsing, ka ho hlajoa.
Ho bapisa lihlahisoa le ho boloka boleng ba mefuta e sa tšoaneng le ba bang, u ka sebelisa tafole e ka tlase:
| Lebitso la mabitso | Tlhahiso (kg / ha) | Ho tsitsa (%) |
| Nikulinsky | 170-300 | 95 |
| Elmundo | 250-345 | 97 |
| Milena | 450-600 | 95 |
| Selekane | 210-360 | 93 |
| Vector | 670 | 95 |
| Mozart | 200-330 | 92 |
| Sifra | 180-400 | 94 |
| Mofumahali Anne | 390-460 | 92 |
Ha ho sebelisa lihlahisoa tsa manyolo ho eketseha ka 1.5 linako tse ling. Tšireletso ea tubers le boleng ba tafo ea litholoana ha li senyehe.
Bala ka ho eketsehileng ka mokhoa oa ho fepa litapole, hore na o tla sebelisa joang manyolo le hore na o ka o etsa joang ha o lema, ke lijo life tse molemo ka ho fetisisa le tsa tšebeliso ea diminerale.
Morero
Litholoana li na le tatso e babatsehang. Eba tlhophiso ea tafole. Litholoana li fokotseha haholo. Ho tswa ho litapole u ka etsa litapole tse mashed, casseroles. Meriana ena e loketse ho pheha lithuto tsa pele le tsa bobeli.
E loketse ho hlahisa li-fries tsa Fora, libolo tsa litapole, litapole tsa rustic, lipsche. Litholoana li ka pheha, li halikiloe, li halikiloe, li kenngoa ka mouoane le li-microwave.
Litapole tsa mefuta ena e fapa-fapaneng li loketse ho sebetsa liindasteri.. Lihlahisoa tse omeletseng li entsoe ho eona - phofo, starch, litapole tse pentiloeng. Hape sehlopheng se loketse ho sebetsoa ka granulate.
Bala lihlooho tse thusang mabapi le thepa ea litapole.Ke eng e kotsi ea solanine, ke hobane'ng ha u ja litholoana le ho noa lero la litapole le hore na ho ka khoneha ho sebelisa meroho ena e tala.
Lintho tsa ho hōla
Agrotechnics ea mefuta ena e fapa-fapaneng e tšoana hantle. Mahola a nakoana, lokolla, o tšela litapole. Haeba ho hlokahala, ho nosetsang ka ho eketsehileng ho ke ke ha thibela, 'me ho kopanya limela ho tla thusa ho laola mofoka.
Bala ka ho eketsehileng hore na ho hlokahala hore u tšollele litapole, hore na u etse'ng ka tsona - ka letsoho kapa ka thuso ea terekere e tsamaeang ka morao, le hore na u ka fumana kotulo e ntle ntle le weeding le hilling.
Maloetse le tse senyang lijalo
Bothata ba nakoana
Ho senngoa ho tsohle tse senyang lijalo ntle le Colorado litapole beetle.
E hloka thibelo ea phekolo, ho fafatsa. Ho khothalletsoa ho sebelisa lik'hemik'hale tse sa ameng boleng ba tubers. Hape nako le nako hlahloba lihlahla bakeng sa boteng ba disenyi.
Ka ho qaqileng ka mehato ea ho loana le bere, li-wireworm, moth moth, hoaba, bala lihlooho tsena:
- Tsela ea ho tlosa wireworm serapeng.
- Re loana le Medvedka ka thuso ea likhemistri le litlhare tsa setso.
- Ho tlosa tšoele ea litapole: karolo ea 1 le karolo ea 2.
- Ntoa e atlehang khahlanong le hoaba.
Nikulinsky litapole o na le tšireletso e rarahaneng khahlanong le mafu a fapaneng. E na le lihlahisoa tse phahameng tse tsitsitseng. E ka hōla mefuteng eohle ea mobu.
O mamella ho fapana ha boemo ba leholimo. E fihla bophahamong ba lisenthimithara tse 80. E na le boleng bo phahameng ba ho boloka boleng le litšobotsi tse ntle tsa khoebo.
Bala hape ka mekhoa e meng ea litapole tse ntseng li hōla: thekenoloji ea Dutch le mefuta e sa tsoaneng. Hape le mekhoa e meng: ka tlas'a lehlokoa, ka mekotleng, ka melikong, ka mabokoseng, ho tloha peo.
Re boetse re u fa mefuta e sa tšoaneng ea litapole ka mantsoe a fapaneng a ho butsoa:
| Ho butsoa ha nako e khutšoanyane | Pele ho nako | Bofelong ba morao |
| Picasso | Prince ea Black | Botho |
| Ivan da Marya | Nevsky | Lorch |
| Rocco | Darling | Ryabinushka |
| Slavyanka | Morena oa lihlatsoana | Nevsky |
| Kiwi | Ramos | Sebete |
| Cardinal | Taisiya | Botle |
| Asterix | Lapot | Milady | Nikulinsky | Caprice | Vector | Dolphin | Svitanok Kiev | The hostess | Sifra | Jelly | Ramona |
