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Mefuta e fapa-fapaneng e ile ea hlahisoa ke bahlahisi ba Karolo ea Kemerovo 'me ea bitsoa ka mor'a' musisi oa eona, Aman Gumirovich Tuleyev.
Plastiki ea maiketsetso, ho hlokomoloha maemo a leholimoLilemong tse ka tlaase ho leshome, litapole tse monate li ile tsa hapa tlhokomelo ea balemi ba litapole, e leng har'a mefuta e leshome e tsebahalang ka ho fetisisa naheng.
Ka sebele li-Tuley tse fapa-fapaneng li laola masimo a temo, mapolasing le mapolasing.
Tuleyevsky litapole litšoaneleho le tlhaloso ea mefuta e fapa-fapaneng
Lebitso la mabitso | Tuleyevsky |
Litšobotsi tse tloaelehileng | mefuta e fapaneng ea litafole tse nang le lihlahisoa tse ngata |
Nako ea botšehali | Matsatsi a 80-100 |
Tšoaetso ea starch | 14-16% |
Bongata ba li-tubers tsa khoebo | 200-300 gr |
Palo ea li-tuber morung | 10-14 |
Tlisa | 180-300 c / ha |
Boleng ba bareki | tatso e ntle, eseng le eona e fokolang haholo |
Ho tsosolosoa | 90% |
'Mala oa letlalo | mosehla |
'Mala o motala | mosehla |
Libaka tse ntseng li hōla tse khethiloeng | e loketseng ho lema ho pholletsa le Russia, e khothalletsoang Siberia |
Mafu a ho hanyetsa | ba hlaseloa ke nematode |
Lintho tsa ho hōla | ho molemo ho lema peo e futhumetseng |
Moqapi | VNIIKH bona. A. G. Lorkha, Kemerovo Research Institute ea Temo |
Tuleyevsky o fumanoe ka mefuta e sa tšoaneng ea lilemo tse leshome e hlahisoang ke intraspecific ea mefuta-futa ea Canada le ea Serussia (Chernsky, Tolkan). Khoutu e Ngoliseng ea Naha ea Russia Federation ke 9610178. Selemo sa ho kenngoa ho ngolisong ke 2006.
Mefuta e sa tšoaneng ea litente: GNU Institute of Potatoes bona. A. G. Lorkha GNU Kemerovo NIISH.
Libaka tse khothalletsoang ho mefuta e sa tsoaneng:
Rephabliki ea Mari El, Udmurtia le Chuvashia, Perm Territory, Kirov, Nizhny Novgorod le Libaka tsa Sverdlovsk.
Republic of Altai, Kemerovo, Novosibirsk, Omsk, Tomsk, libaka tsa Tyumen.
Republic of Buryatia, Sakha (Yakutia), Tyva, Khakassia, Trans-Baikal le Krasnoyarsk Territory, sebakeng sa Irkutsk.
Khabarovsk le Primorsky Krai, Amur, Kamchatka, Magadan, libaka tsa Sakhalin.
Mefuta e fapa-fapaneng ke ho thibela kankere, hlaba, bola, Alternaria, tse senyang likokoanyana, likokoana-hloko. E fapana le ts'oaetso ea khauta ea litapole nematode.
Bala hape ka mafu a tloaelehileng a kang fusarium, morao-rao, botticillis.
Morphology
Sehlahla se matla sa bohareng bo bolelele (cm 30-35). E tšoana le li-half-upright, tse ka hare. Makhasi a manyenyane. Sebopeho le mofuta oa sehlahla li loketse ho hloekisa le ho hloekisa. Ho ikamahanya ha morung ho u lumella hore u leme litapole tse fapa-fapaneng Tuleyevsky pakeng tsa lihlahla tsa lihlahla, lifate tsa litholoana ho pholosa sebaka.
E siea matla a tala a lefifi. Boholo ba likhaolo ke mofuta o mofuthu, o bulehileng kapa oa lipakeng. Bohloko bo nyenyane ba bohale. Lipalesa tse nang le 'mala o nang le bohloa bo botle le corolla e khōlō e tšoeu. Boima ba lipalesa ke karolelano. Ho thehoa ha melee e mengata.
Tuleevsky mefuta e mengata ea litapole e na le sebopeho se nepahetseng sa maqhubu, esita le. Sebopeho sa peel se senoloa, se hanyenyane. The rind e mosehla. Masapo a teteaneng, a monate a mosehla. Mahlo a sa tloaeleha, a mosehla, ka ntle feela, a nyenyane. Phaello e phahameng ea ho ikatisa e tiisetsoa ka ho ba le bonyane mahlaseli a mahlakoreng a 6.
Boima ba tuber ke 120-270 g. Tlas'a maemo a monate ka ho fetisisa, litholoana ka bomong li hōla ho fihlela ho 500-600 g Ho fihlela ho li-tuber tse 20-30 tse nang le boima ba lik'hilograma tse 7 li chekiloe sehlaheng. Li-tuber tse nyane ha li fumanehe haholo.
Photo
Setšoantšo se bontša litapole tse fapa-fapaneng Tuleyevsky:
Matšoao a moruo
Lefapheng la Naha, litapole tse fapa-fapaneng Tuleyevsky li hlalosoa e le seaplane pele. Ho tloha ho lema ho ea ho sebopeho sa lihlahisoa tsa maruo 50-60 matsatsi, litlhōrō li qala ho fela ka mor'a matsatsi a 60-90.
Lihlahisoa tse phahameng, e tsitsitseng, e phahameng ho feta Nevsky e tloaelehileng. Sehlahisoa se tloaelehileng sa lihlahisoa ke batho ba 180-300 ka lihektheri. Boipheliso bo phahameng ka ho fetisisa ba batho ba 424 ka hektare.
O ka bapisa lihlahisoa tsa Tuleevsky tse fapa-fapaneng le mefuta e meng ea litapole ho sebelisa tafoleng e ka tlase:
Lebitso la mabitso | Tlhahiso (kg / ha) | Palo ea tubers ka morung (pc) |
Tuleyevsky | 180-300 | 10-14 |
Lady claire | 140-270 | ho fihlela ho 15 |
Labella | 180-350 | ho fihlela ho 14 |
Melody | 180-640 | 7-11 |
Margarita | 300-400 | 7-12 |
Alladin | 450-500 | 8-12 |
Sebete | 160-430 | 6-9 |
Sifra | 180-400 | 9-11 |
Pitsa | 100-200 | 6-11 |
Li-tubers li fumaneha haufi le sefahleho, sehlaha se kopane. E na le starch ea 14-17%. Botle ho fihlela ho 99%. E ntle ho boloka boleng ho fihlela ho 85-90%. Ka lebaka la elasticity ea litholoana makhasi le peel mefuta e mengata e hanyetsanang le tšenyo e tsitsitseng, o mamella ka ho phethahetseng lipalangoang.
Bala ho eketsehileng ka nako le mocheso oa mathata a polokelo. Hape, mabapi le mokhoa oa ho boloka metso nakong ea mariha, ka le foranteng, ka har'a liraiti, ka sehatsetsing, ho hloekisoa.
E bua ka sehlopha sa ho ja. Ha u pheha le tubers u se ke ua pheha bonolo, boloka sebopeho sa bona, ba tsebahala litapole tatso. E reretsoe ho lokisetsa lithuto tsa bobeli, e ntle haholo bakeng sa litapole tse mashed. Mefuta e latsoang e latsoa haholo. Ho latela litlhaloso le liphetho tsa lipatlisiso ha li fokotsehe, ebile li feta, mefuta e sa tšoaneng ea litšupiso ea Adretta, Rocco, le Jelly.
Ka tafole e ka tlase o ka fumana litšoaneleho tse ka sehloohong tsa mefuta e sa tšoaneng ea litapole:
Lebitso la mabitso | Tšoaetso ea starch | Ho tsosolosoa |
Tuleyevsky | 14-16% | 90% |
Selekane | 12-16% | 93% |
Milena | 11-14% | 95% |
Elmundo | 12-14% | 97% |
Cheri | 11-15% | 91% |
Boithabiso ba Bryansk | 16-18% | 94% |
Ariel | 13-16% | 94% |
Borovichok | 13-17% | 94% |
Tuscany | 12-14% | 93% |
Mekhoa ea mefuta e mengata
Komello e hanne. Tuleevskaya litapole ha e hloke ho nosetsa. Ha e hloke menontsha ea phosphorus le ammonia. Ka ho haella ha boron mobu ka tuber ho thehiloe voids e ke keng ea e-ba nako e telele ea polokelo.
Bala boitsebiso bo qaqileng mabapi le mokhoa oa ho fepa litapole, hore na o tla sebelisa joang manyolo le hore na o ka o etsa joang ha u lema.
Mefuta ea Agrotechnika
Agrotechnology Tuleyevskogo mefuta e sa tšoaneng. Ho lema boitsebiso ka khoeli pele ho lema ho behile lesela la 2-3 tubers bakeng sa vernalization, ho qoba letsatsi le tobileng. Bakeng sa ho thibela tšenyo ea lihlahla le tubers le wireworm, Colorado litapole beetle, litapole moth, le Medvedka, li-agronomists li eletsa hore limela tse ntseng li lema li khabisoa ka botumo le botumo ba Tabu.
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Bala tsohle ka mekhoa e tummeng ea batho le lik'hemik'hale.
Ho nolofatsa ho mela ha mahlo, ntlafatsa ho itšireletsa mafung, ho theha sehlahla se matla, kapele pele o lema, tšoara ka ntho efe kapa efe e tsosang takatso e kang "Epin-Extra", "Emistim".
Tsela e molemo ka ho fetisisa e nkoa e le ho falla meleng. Matsatsi a mararo pele o jala, dipeo tsa litapole Tuleyevsky, tse kholo tsa tubers, li khaola ka likotoana tse 2-3 tse boima ba 50 g, e siea 2-3 peepholes ho e mong le e mong. Halala letsatsing, tlohela ho fihlela peel e sa fumane lesela le tala. Ka lehlakoreng le leng la 65-70 cm, e mong le e mong o lokisetsa liliba ka botebo ba 10-15 cm.
Cheka mobu ka makhetlo a mabeli - hoetla le nakong ea selemo. Hloekisa ka hloko metso le mahlaka a mofoka. Ho qala ho fihla ho qala feela ka mor'a hore lefat se le behe ka matla ho fihlela ho 8-10 ° С. Ho nosetsang mefuta e fapa-fapaneng ha ho hlokahale, ho feta moo, e khahlanong le eena. Ha komello e matla e khelosa li-aisles. Ho kopanya limela ho ka sebelisoa ho laola mofoka.
Hilling. Etsa bonyane makhetlo a mararo nakong ea ho hōla. Ka mor'a ho mela, letlobo le robala ka ho feletseng, le qeta hang ka mor'a ho hlaha ha lipalesa tsa pele, ha le qetella le phutholoha ha "le beha" litlhōrō tsa litlhōrō tse ka thōko.
Ha boemo ba leholimo bo le bobe pele setulo sa ho qetela se phalla ka sekhahla se etsa tharollo e nang le metsi a mangata kapa manyolo ho tšehetsa limela. Kotulo qala ha litlhōrō li fetoha mosehla mme li fela.
Ho na le litsela tse 'maloa tsa ho hōlisa litapole. Bala sethaleng sa rona ntho e 'ngoe le e' ngoe ka theknoloji ea Dutch, mabapi le ho fumana mobu ntle le weeding le hilling, ka ho hōla mefuta e sa tsoaneng, mekhoa tlas'a joang, lipotong, mabokoseng, mekotleng.
Boloka. Mohope oa thepa e tobileng kapa ea theko e bolokiloe ka thōko ho lihlahisoa tsa peo. Ha u boloka peō ea litapole u se ke ua lumella sebaka sa li-tubers tsa mefuta e sa tsoaneng. Ka lebenkeleng re tšehetsa t 3 ° C, mongobo 90-95%.
Haeba ho ke ke ha khoneha ho boloka microclimate e tsitsitseng sebakeng sa polokelo, mabokoseng a koahetsoe ka joang kapa sekoahelo. Pele o beha peo ea tubers ea hlatsoa, e omisitsoe ka leseli ho lema. Litapole tse fapa-fapaneng tsa Tuile li nkoa e le e 'ngoe ea mefuta e ntlehali ea malapeng. Ho hlokomoloha mobu oa mobu, ho feto-fetoha ha maemo a omileng, boemo ba leholimo bo feteletseng bo etsa hore ho khonehe ho hōla mefuta e fapa-fapaneng ea li-gubernate hoo e ka bang libaka tsohle tsa Russia, ka bobeli mapolasing a botho le ka hare ho khoebo.
Hape re u eletsa hore u tloaelane le mefuta e sa tšoaneng e nang le mefuta e sa tšoaneng ea ho butsosa:
Superstore | Ho hōla pele | Pele ho nako |
Sehoai | Bellarosa | Innovator |
Minerva | Timo | E ntle |
Kiranda | Selemo | Mosali oa Amerika |
Karatop | Arosa | Kona |
Juvel | Impala | Bontša |
Meteor | Zorachka | Elisabeth |
Zhukovsky pele | Colette | Vega |
Nōka | Kamensky | Tiras |