Liapole tse sa tšoaneng "Granny Smith" ka lebaka la litšoaneleho tsa eona, e 'nile ea tsebahala har'a balemi ba lirapa, lihobe le li-gourmets ho pota lefatše.
Lifate tse sa tšoaneng ho thibela ho batatlisa kotulo e ntle 'me ho bonolo ho e hlokomela litholoana - tse kholo le li-vithamine tse ruileng le microelements.
Ke mofuta ofe?
Granny smith ke mariha a sa tšoaneng. Litholoana li butsoitse ka nako ea pele e pholile - ka September kapa mathoasong a October.
Ho kheloha ho tloaelehileng ho ka khoneha sebakeng se pholileng.
Haeba boemo ba leholimo bo mofuthu sebakeng se ntseng se hōla ha bo tšoare nako e telele, litholoana li ka butsoa ka mariha 'me li lahleheloa ke litšobotsi tsa tsona.
Mefuta e sa tšoaneng ke skoroplodny, litholoana tsa hae ke tsa kamehla, e tsitsitse haholo, ho senya ha serame.
Mela lifate tsa mofuta ona li beha litholoana. ho tloha lilemong tse robeli ho isa ho tse leshome.
Tlhōrō eo e etsahala ho ea bohlano ho ea ho lilemo tse supileng tsa kholo ea limela.
Har'a mariha mefuta e sa tšoaneng ea lifate tsa apole, Golden Delicious, Aport, Antonovka e tloaelehileng le Antonovka Dessert, Lekala le boetse le thabela botumo.
Smith Smith
Nahana ka sekhahla ponahalo ea apole le litholoana ka boeona.
Ka tloaelo mela sefate mefuta e sa tsoaneng "Granny Smith" e boima bo hare 'me ke tlhaho halofoana. E na moqhaka o phatsimang.
Liapole lia hōla e kholo - ho fihlela ho 300 dikgerama e mong le e mong. Ba na le 'mala o motala o motala, letlalo le boima, ho pota-pota kapa sebopeho se seholo sa oval - sena se ka bonoa setšoantšong.
Ka tlhokomelo e nepahetseng, litholoana li khomarela sefate.
Ka linako tse ling botala ba liapole bo na le li-blotches tse khubelu - li hlaha ka lehlakore le shebaneng le letsatsi.
Nama ea liapole e bobebe, e lerootho, e bolila-e monate tatso.
Melemo ea mofuta ofe le hore na ke lik'hilojule tse kae ka motsoako o motala oa apole smith?
Liapole tsena li na le tsoekere ea tlaase le li-vithamine tse phahameng.
Kaha khalori ea diapole tsena e tlaase - Lik'hilojule tse 47.5, u ka ba ja lijo tse sa tšoaneng ka palo e nyenyane. Hape ho nahanoa hape hypoallergenic.
Tatso e kholo le melemo e ntseng e eketseha ea litholoana e bontšoa ke mefuta e latelang: Orlinka, Pioneer Orlovsky, Mariha ea Moscow, Monko o monate le oa Bacha.
Histori ea ho hlahisa
Maapole a Granny Smith kapa "Granny Smith" ea tummeng a hlaha New South Wales, Australia ka 1868.
Ke sehlahisoa sa khetho. lifate tse hlaha tsa French french apple tse tsoang Australia.
Ho tlisitse mefuta e sa tšoaneng 'mè ea tsoetseng peleAustralian ea khale Anna Maria Smith.
Ka potlako mosebetsi oa hae o ile oa hlōla ho tsebahala lefatšeng lohle.
Tlisa
Hlophisa "Granny Smith" e bolela e behang litholoana.
Ka kgolo le ts'ebeliso e feletseng ea litholoana Matsatsi a 240 a mocheso a hlokeha.
Lifate tsa Apple "nkhono smith" li kena fruiting selemong sa bobeli kapa sa boraro ka mor'a ho lema serapeng ka hoetla.
Selemong sa bohlano sa kgolo ho tloha sefateng se le seng ho ka etsahala bokella ho fihlela ho li-kilogram tse 15 tsa kotulo.
E lokela ho hlokomeloa hore Granny Smith ke setho sa limela tse ntle haholo bakeng sa mefuta eohle ea mefuta e meng.
Bakeng sa lihlahisoa tse phahameng, mefuta ena e fapa-fapaneng e lokela ho lengoa haufi le mefuta e tšoanang ea mariha ea lifate tsa apole: Monate oa Khauta, Elise, Ligol, Lady Lady.
Haeba u batla lihlahisoa tse phahameng tsa lifate tsa apole, ela hloko Aloe pele, Bogatyr, Motlakase, Kuibyshev le Botle ba Mariha.
Khōlo ea tlhaho sebakeng seo
Liapole tsena li hōlile hokae? Kajeno Granny Smith balemi ba linaha tsohle.
Mefuta-futa ka tsela e itseng e se nang thuso: sebopeho, boholo le likarolo tse ling tsa litholoana le sefate ka boeona se itšetlehile ka maemo a botlamuoeng.
"Granny Smith" ha e mamelle mocheso. Ka lebaka la tekanyo e eketsehileng ea letsatsi litholoana li omme.
Hape sehlopheng ha a rate ebile o matla a pholile: ho tloha mocheso oa liapole fetoha mosehla 'me u fetole sebōpeho.
Boemo ba leholimo bo ntseng bo hōla bo bonolo, bo le bobebe, ka nako e khutšoanyane ea mariha le nako e telele ea temo.
Ho lema le ho hlokomela
Ha u lema sefate leha e le sefe sa litholoana, ho hlokahala hore u nahane ka lintho tse kang nako le sebaka se nepahetseng.
Ena ke tiiso ea hore sefate sa hau sa apole se tla beha litholoana hantle 'me se tla u thabisa ka litholoana tsa sona.
Litapole - hangata li-biennial - liapole tsa tse fapa-fapaneng tse ratoang li ka mobu nakong ea selemo le hoetlaha ho se serame.
Khoeli pele u lema, ho hlokahala hore u lokise likoting bakeng sa lipeo - mobu o lokela ho lula fatše. Likoting li hloka ho teba ka hoo Lik'hilograma tse 60 le bophara ba bonyane methara e le 'ngoe.
Mobu o lokelang ho tlosoa ka sekoting o lokela ho tsoakana le leha e le efe menontsha ea tlhaho ea tlhaho.
Pele lema likotlolo ho hlokahala hore le kolobe ka metsi.
U se ke ua lema lifate haufi le tse tala, empa ka mefuta e meng ea mariha mefuta e meng ea lifate, ho fapana le hoo, e kgothaletswa.
Ha u se u lema, ho hlokahala hore u fafatse metsi le metsi a lekaneng, e le hore lefatše le lumellane le metso ea lifate tse nyenyane.
Sefate se latelang e tlamiloe loop ho cola.
Pele ho qala serame lifate li lokela ho futhumalale mobu haufi le sefate koahele ka manyolo.
Sheba video e bontšang hore na o tla lema sefate hantle joang le neng.
Lifate tsa Apple e hlokehang selemo le selemo.
Ho pruning moqhaka ho tla etsa bonnete ba hore fruiting ea pele ea sefateng le ea nako e telele.
Ho pruning ho ka etsoa ho tloha selemong sa bobeli sa bophelo ba sefate mathoasong a selemo ho fihlela liphio li ruruha.
Ho hongata haholo lehlabula ho nosetsang - lilithara tse tharo ho isa ho tse 'nè ka sefate - li lokela ho etsoa lilemong tsa pele tsa bophelo le kholo ea semela.
Ka mor'a ho nosetsa mobu ho kgothaletswa hore ho be le mulch humus le mobu o hlephileng le fertilize le lihlahisoa tsa manyolo le diminerale tse ling.
Ha litholoana li butsoitse, ho nosetsa ho lokela ho fokotsehaho seng joalo ba tla senya.
Maloetse le tse senyang lijalo
Tse ke keng tsa qojoa hammoho le likhaolo "Granny Smith" - ho hanyetsa mafu a mangata a "apple" le tse senyang lijalo. Ka hona, tsena tse fapa-fapaneng ha li utloe bohloko hlobo ea phofo.
Ho itšehla thajana sekoti le mafome, phofo ea hlobo.
O ka sebetsana ka katleho le bona ka li-fungicides: Benlaton, Learnzole, Bayleton, Bordeaux fluid le lithethefatsi tse ling tse pharaletseng.
Maloetse a setseng le tse senyang li ama lifate tsa apole ka seoelo, e leng se etsang hore e be khetho e babatsehang ea ho ikatisa serapeng. Empa ha ho utloise bohloko ho hlokomela ho thibela litholoana tse kang sapwood, codling moth, li-moth, li-hawkworms le haws.
Mefuta e mengata ea Granny Smith e ntle bakeng sa ho hōla libakeng tse nang le nako e telele ea ho hōla.
Li tletse li-vithamine 'me, ka lebaka la boholo ba tsona, li loketse ho pheha.
Hape litholoana tsa "nkhono smith" e bolokiloe nako e telele mme ho tloha ho eona feela ho tla ba molemo.
Lifate tsa mefuta ena e fapa-fapaneng li atisa ho sebelisoa e le marako a libakeng tsa serapa le tsa metse e meholo.
Lihlahisoa tse ntle, tatso e babatsehang ea litholoana le ponahalo e ntle ea lifate etsa hore sena se fapane moeta-pele har'a batho ba bang.
