Ho hlahisa le ho hlokomela likhoho bakeng sa litlhoko tsa mantlha tsa botho le bakeng sa ho tsamaisa liindasteri tsa lihlahisoa ho ea limmarakeng le mabenkeleng ke mosebetsi o ruileng haholo, o lumellang ho fumana nama ea boleng bo phahameng le mahe.
Hangata balemi ba fumana hore linonyana li tšoaetsoa mafu a sa tšoaneng, ho akarelletsa le syringophilosis, e leng likokoana-hloko.
Ka hona, hoa hlokahala ho tseba matšoao a maholo le mahlaseli a kotsi a syringophilosis, sehlopha sa linonyana se kotsing ea lefu lena, ka nako ea ho sebelisa mekhoa e sebetsang ka ho fetisisa ea phekolo le ho thibela lefu lena.
Syringophilosis: tlhaloso le likarolo tsa likotsi
Syringophilosis (majoe a masiba, Siringophilosis, PCh) ke boloetse bo sa foleng bo bakang masiba a feather ho phahamisa masiba a nonyana e kulang.
Likhoho tse kang likhoho, li-turkeys, budgies, li-fung, li-matata le linonyana tse hlaha joaloka maeba le lirobele li ka hlaseloa ke lefu lena.
Tlaleho ea histori
Nakong ea pele ho liphetoho, parasitology Russia e ne e arohane, e arohane ebile e sa lefshoa. Liphuputso tsa bohlokoa mabapi le meriana ea bongaka ba liphoofolo ha lia etsoa.
Ke feela USSR e neng e le li-parasitology tse tsoetseng pele haholo, kaha mekhatlo e khethehileng ea lipatlisiso, univesithing, laboratories, liteishene, likolo tsa thuto li ile tsa thehoa.
Bo-rasaense ba tummeng ba Soviet ba kang Scriabin, Yakimov, Pavlovsky, Dogel, ba ileng ba etsa likolo tse 4 tsa saense tsa saense tsa li-parasitololo tlas'a boeta-pele ba bona, ba ne ba kentse letsoho ho ithuta ka seringophilosis ka ho khetheha, le li-parasitology ka kakaretso.
Ho hasana ha lefu lena
Majoe a masiba a tloaelehile nakong ea selemo le lehlabula, 'me ho hlaha ha motho ka mong ho tlalehiloe mariha. Hangata, linonyana li na le lefu lena, le lulang libakeng tse nang le mocheso o futhumetseng, hobane baemeli ba lefu lena ba rata mocheso.
Bajari ba lefu lena ke likhoho tse kulang, hammoho le masiba a linonyana a oeleng, a senyehileng. Likhoho tse phetseng hantle li tšoaelitsoe ke linonyana tse kulang ka ho toba.
Likokoana-hloko le tekanyo ea kotsi
Li-ticks tsa Thrombidiform ke baemeli ba causative ba syringophilosis. Syringophilus bipectinatus.
Likokoana-hloko tsena li senya likolone mokhoeng oa mapheo a masiba, a leng 'meleng le mapheo a linonyana.
Ts'ebetso ea likokoana-hloko e fetela ka mekhahlelo ea mahe, li-larvae, li-prototype, li-deutonyfu le batho ba baholo. Mekhahlelo eohle ea likokoana-hloko li feta ka khoeli.
Litekete li fihla bolelele ba 1.1 mm le bophara ba 0.5 mm., o na le 'mala o mosoeu kapa o mosoeu. Ho na le lihlopha tse 5 tsa likhahla tse nyenyane tse ka pele ka thebe ea likolobe, le lipara tse peli tsa likheo ka morao.
Ho na le proboscis e matla ea li-stiletto e ka pele. Li-pincers li na le lisebelisoa tsa molomo tse anyang, li khutšoanyane ka tsela ea khoele.
Qalong ea lefu lena, ke tse tšehali feela tse phelang masiba a masiba, a nang le mahe, hamorao banna ba ikopanya le bona. Mites e kenella melomong ea masiba a nonyana a phelang hantle ka mechine ka mokhoa oa sefate, se ka har'a papillae ea masiba. Likokoana-hloko tse fetang 1000 li ka ba sebakeng se le seng sa masiba a khōhō ka nako.
Sebaka se ka ntle se etsa hore lefu la likokoana-hloko li shoe, kahoo mocheso oa motšehare li shoa ka beke, 'me libakeng tsa parasitism li ka sebetsa libeke tse peli.
Litekete li tšoaetsoa haholo ke tlhaselo ea lik'hemik'hale:
- tharollo ea chlorophos (1%) e ba bolaea ka metsotso e 2;
- tharollo ea polychloropinene (3%) - ka metsotso e meraro;
- solution ea creolin (5%) - ka metsotso e 4.
E tlameha ebe u utloile ka likhoho tse khōlō tsa Grey. Mohlomong u lokela ho tseba tsebo e ka tšeptjoang?U ka bala ho eketsehileng ka litlolo tsa bofetoheli mona: //selo.guru/ptitsa/bolezni-ptitsa/nasekomye/puhoperoedy.html.
Likokoana-hloko li boetse li shoa maemong a phahameng a leholimo:
- ka 50 ° C - ka metsotso e le 'ngoe;
- ka 60 ° C - ka metsotsoana e 10.
Nakong ea hoetla molt, likokoana-hloko tse tsoang masiba a theohileng li fallela ho motho ea ntseng a le hōlile 'me li tsoela pele ho senya, ho beha mahe mariha, ho qhaqha le ho otla linonyana hape lehlabuleng.
Mafu a likhoho ka syringophilosis a baka tšenyo ea moruo mahong a likhoho le mapolasing a liindasteri, hobane o lebisa ho fokotseha kapa ho khaotsa ho etsa ha linonyana, ho felisoa ha batho ba kulang.
Tsela ea lefu lena le matšoao a eona
Syringophilosis e ama likhoho ho tloha likhoeling tse hlano, hobane ka nako ena linonyana li theha masiba a mangata le likoboana ka bongata boemong ba masiba.
Lefu lena le qala holim'a mapheo a phallang 'me ka potlako le hasana ho masiba a mang a mang a likhoho, e leng se lebisang ho sa khaotse ho oela kapa ho senya.
Tse latelang li ka khetholloa matšoao a syringophilia likhoho:
- ho hlohlona;
- ho tšoha;
- ho lahleheloa ke masiba ka bongata (haholo-holo li-flywheels le ho tsamaisa);
- ho roba ha masiba;
- marotholi a lahleheloa ke lerumo;
- motheo oa masiba o lahleheloa ke ponahalo ea oona, o fifala ebile o kheloha;
- linonyana tse kulang lia ipata le ho phunya;
- khaello ea mali;
- pallor ea masale, mongoli, seretse;
- ho ba teng ha letlalo le nang le khubelu kapa maqeba;
- ho ruruha ha mekotla ea feather;
- ho fofa ha nonyana;
- mathata a ho ja, ho hloka takatso ea lijo;
- nonyana ena e khaotsa ho beha mahe kapa tlhahiso ea lehe e fokotsehile haholo.
Nako ea ho qeta nako ea lefu lena ke likhoeli tse 3.
Diagnostics
Tlhahlobo ea ho qetela e ka ba feela ngaka ea liphoofolo e itšetlehile ka tlhahlobo e feletseng ea lintlha, ho hlahloba sets'oants'o sa setsi sa bophelo, ho ba bapisa le litlhaloso tsa lingaka tsa syringophilosis.
Sepheo sa thuto ke masiba a hlaselang kapa a nkiloeng ka ho khetheha a nonyana e kulang, eo ka ponahalo e fapaneng le marotholi a phetseng hantle.
Ha li hlahlojoa ka mahlo, li-parasitic ochin ke opaque 'me li na le boima bo botala bo bohlooho bo bosoeu bo botala. Bakeng sa tlhahlobo e nyenyane haholo, ocin e buloa ka ho qhibiliha ha oblique, lerotholi le mosehla o motala le tšolotsoeng holim'a khalase ea likhase 'me e hlahlojoa ka lerotholi le phunyeletsoeng ka makhetlo a mabeli a parafene kapa metsi.
Letšoao le leholo le ka bonoa ntle le thuso ea microscope, kaha e kholo (1 mm), e oval, e arohane, e bohlooho bo bosoeu kapa e tsoeu.
Kalafo le mehato ea thibelo
Mekhoa ea phekolo ea meriana le ea phekolo ea phekolo ea syringophilosis:
- Lithethefatsi tse latelang li sebelisetsoa phekolo: diazinon, amidofos, cyodrin, baytex, tivit, icosan, stomazan le tse ling;
- maemong a ka thōko a lefu, nonyana e anngoeng ke li-ticks e lokela ho hlajoa e le ho qoba tšoaetso ea likhoho tse phetseng hantle;
- tabeng ea phekolo ea likokoana-hloko e jele setsi, linonyana tse kulang li nkeloa sebaka ke bana ba phetseng hantle;
- Masiba a theohileng linonyana tse kula a tlameha ho bokelloa le ho chesoa;
- ba fanang ka matlo, li-cages, li-perches, linoha, tšimo, mehaho, lihlahisoa tsa tlhokomelo ea linonyana li hloekisitsoe ka ho feletseng (letsatsi le leng le le leng la 10);
- hang ka libeke tse peli ho hloekisa lithōle matlong a likhoho;
- libeke tse ling le tse ling tse peli chesa lisele.
Matšoao a likokoana-hloko a linonyana, a kenyelletsang li-syringophilosis, ha a bakele batho ba kulang bohloko ebile a atisa ho jala linonyana tse phelang hantle, empa a baka tšenyo ea moruo mahaeng a likhoho le mapolasing, nama le mahe a mahe, 'me a fokotsa lehe le behiloeng.
Lefu lena ha lea lokela ho lumelloa ho nka nako ea lonaBakeng sa ho felisoa ha syringophillosis ka katleho, ho hlokahala hore ho khetholle lefu leo ka nako 'me le etse phekolo e hlokahalang le mehato e thibelang.
