Chrysanthemum ke moetlo oa lipalesa oa selemo le selemo kapa oa lipalesa oa lelapa la Astro. Ho na le mefuta e fetang 29 ea Asia, moo boemo ba leholimo bo futhumetseng le bo futhumetseng. Naha ea habo ke China, India, Japane. Chaena, e ne e lengoa lekholong la VI la lilemo BC. e. Europe, e hlahile lekholong la XVII la lilemo, Russia bohareng ba XIX. E fetoletsoe ho tsoa ho Senyesemane e bolela "palesa ea letsatsi."
Tlhaloso ea chrysanthemum ea kamoreng
Chrysanthemum e se e holisoa eseng feela ka lipalesa, empa hape le ka phapusing. Lipalesa li hola khamoreng, windowsill. Maiketsetso hangata a manyane, ho tloha ho 15 ho isa ho 70 cm.
Letlobo la eona le boreleli, le kopane le qubu. Inflorescence ke baskete ea lipeo. Boholo ba lipalesa bo cm cm-5-5, bo thunya ka Phato le lipalesa ho fihlela hoetla. Makhasi a hlophisitsoe haufi le a mang, a fapaneng ka boholo le sebopeho: a etselitsoe, a sa anngoe, a arotsoe, a 'mala o motala ka' mala. Rhizome makala a makhasi, e hlaha e lekana le fatshe.
Har'a balemi ba lipalesa, chrysanthemum ea pitseng ka pitseng e ratoa, ho na le mefuta e nang le liketane tse senang makhetlo a mabeli tse tšoanang le li-daisies le lipalesa tse kang bolo. Bakeng sa ho eketseha ha ampel ho na le li-chrysanthemums ka mokhoa oa papali.
Sekorea, India, mefuta ea China e tloaelehile. 'Mala oa lipalesa o tšoeu,' mala oa lamunu, lilac, pinki. Bohareng, 'mala o fapana le likapetla tse haufi.
Ha u reka ka lebenkeleng, ela hloko ho ba teng ha matheba, ho senya, li-splashes. Palesa e joalo ha ea lokela ho nkoa, hammoho le thunthung. Makhasi a sona a lokela ho ba botala, metso e matlafatsoe, sehlahla se thehiloe.
Ts'oaretso ea Chrysanthemums
Limela li khethiloe ka tsela e latelang:
- Ho ea ka boholo: lipalesa tse kholo le tse nyane tse nyane (ka tlase ho 80 cm).
- Ka mokhoa oa inflorescences: terry, kobo, e seng habeli, mola o habeli, cirrus, bristle, anemic.
- Nako ea lipalesa: lipalesa tsa pele, tse mahareng le tse liehang ho mela.
- Bophahamo ba sethala: bolelele (45-60), bohareng (30-45 cm), bo tsotehang (15-30 cm).
- Sebopeho sa lipalesa: chamomile, spherical.
Mefuta e tummeng ea ho hola lapeng
Ho na le mefuta e fetang 40 ea chrysanthemum ea ka tlung, tsena ke Maindia, Machaena (a silika), Korea.
| Kereiti | Litšobotsi | Lipalesa |
| Khauta ea Khauta | Compact, lithunthung haholo. | E tshehla. |
| Lelia | Bohareng ho isa ho 50 cm. | Terry, 'mala o lefifi. |
| Hazell | Bush ho fihla ho 50 cm. | Khaba e bopehileng joaloka khaba, 'mala oa lamunu. |
| Orange jam | Spherical, Korea. | 'Mala oa lamunu. |
| Motsoako oa Zembla | Lihlahla tse kholo le letlobo le lelelele. | E thunya hoetla, e 'ngoe e putsoa bohareng, ea mebala e fapaneng. |
| Aurora | Li-inflorescence tse telele, tse mahareng. | Orange |
| Lehloa lehloa | Li telele. | Terry, e tšoeu. |
| Mohopolo | Bush ho fihla ho 20 cm. | Pinki e chesang, terry. |
| Pink Cascade | Letlobo lea oa, kenya lipitsa tse leketlileng. | Pinki. |
| Meridi | Nakoana, e chitja, tlasa makhasi a lithunthung a makhasi ha e bonahale. | Half-terry, burgundy, 'mala o mosehla. |
| Palesa ea Apple | Sehlahla se boreleli, se hola ho fihla ho 0.5 metres. | Terry, pinki. |
| Okishore | Bophahamo ho fihlela 50 cm, inflorescence tse kholo tsa cm cm 6 cm. | Lilac. |
| Flamingo | Hemispherical, sehlahla se otlolohileng, inflorescence ho fihlela ho cm 7 cm. | Pinki e bobebe e nang le shimmer ea perela. |
| Talisman | Lush, sehlahla se senyenyane ho fihlela 25 cm. | Ramatiki |
| Dune | E mela ho fihlela ho 50 cm. E fetola 'mala nakong ea lipalesa. | E khanyang, tan. |
| Lehloa la pele | Ho fihla ho 35 cm e telele, sehlahla sa volimaous. | Bosoeu. |
| Moshanyana oa Kibalchish | E bolelele ba 50 cm mme e ka ba 60 ka bophara. | Khubelu, e pherese. |
Ho fetolela palesa maemong a kamore
Kamora lebenkele, chrysanthemum e beoa ka thoko, kaha ho na le kotsi ea ho hlaseloa ke likokoanyana le ts'oaetso ea lipalesa tse ling. Pitsa e beoa sebakeng se futhumetseng le se khanyang, se se ke sa nosetsa le metsi.
Ha li-buds li thunya, lia khaoloa ebe li fetisetsoa ka har'a sets'oants'o se secha le sebolaya-mafu kamora ho hlahloba metso le ho tlosa likarolo tse bolileng.
Ho hlokomela chrysanthemum ea kamore
Ho fihlella lipalesa, tlhokomelo e nepahetseng e lokela ho fanoa lapeng: khanya, mocheso, ho nosetsa, ho fafatsa khafetsa, ho fepa semela.
| Ntlha | Hlabula | Selemo / Hoetla | Mariha |
| Sebaka, mabone | Sill e ka bochabela, e ka bophirimela e sill. Lihora tsa motšehare ho tloha lihora tse 7 ho isa ho tse 10. | Kamore e lefifi. | |
| Mocheso | + 20 ... +23 ° С. | + 15 ... +18 ° С. | + 3 ... +8 ° С. |
| Ho nosetsa | Mantsiboea, habeli ka beke ka metsi a futhumetseng a lutseng kamora ho omisoa ha mobu. | Hang ka beke. | |
| Mongobo | Phahameng, o hloka ho fafatsa makhasi, ho kolobisa moea. | Ha e hlokahale. | |
| Ho apara ka holimo | Ho tloha bohareng ba Phato, manyolo a potash le phosphorus. | Nitrogen ea selemo, hang ka matsatsi a 12. Autumn phosphorus le potasiamo. | Ha ho hlokahale. |
Mokhoa oa ho fetisa chrysanthemum
Lihlahla tse nyane li fetisetsoa selemo le selemo, batho ba baholo ka mong lilemo tse 2-3, hangata ka Hlakubele. Pitsa e khethoa ka masoba a drainage 2 cm bophara le 1.5 l ho teba ho feta e fetileng. Ceramic, letsopa le molemo ho feta.
Bakeng sa mobu o kopaneng oa jarete, humus, peat, lehlabathe le koahehileng 3: 1: 1: 1. Tšoaea mobu ka holim'a metsi (metsi a belang ka manganese kapa ka ontong). O ka reka tse lokiselitsoeng pele lebenkeleng bakeng sa lipalesa. Letsopa le atolositsoeng kapa vermiculite le beoa ka tlase; litene tse robehileng li ka sebelisoa. E fetisoa ka ho fetela ha sehlahla kaofela kapa e arotsoe ka tse nyane.
Ho thehwa ha sehlahla se setle
Ho fa sehlahla le ponahalo e ntle le lipalesa tse telele, etsa sebopeho. Bokaholimo ba palesa bo thuntsoe qalong ea Mphalane, ho fihlela lipalesa li tsosoa. Lekhetlo la bobeli - pele ho thehoa buds, bohareng ba August. Makhasi a maputsoa, letlapa le boreleli le le sothehileng lea tlosoa.
Mefuta e meholo e meholo e meholo e bopehile joaloka sefate, e khutsufatsa kutu ea mantlha ebe e fa makala makala a tlase.
Mokhoa oa ho khothaletsa lipalesa tsa chrysanthemum
Ho bohlokoa ho boloka melao e 'maloa e le hore semela se thunya ka potlako:
- Metsi haholo, ho thibela mobu hore o se ke oa omella.
- Lihora tsa motšehare li etsa lihora tse 12.
- Nakong ea ho etsoa ha li-buds, semela se lokela ho ema sebakeng se phodileng + 13 ... +16 ° C.
- Ha li-buds li le nyane, tlosa tse nyane, tlohela tse kholo feela.
- Ha buds tsohle li buleha, fana ka mabone a matle.
- Tšela sejana se seholo.
- Fafatsa ka naetrojene pele u palesa.
Mokhoa oa ho hlokomela chrysanthemum kamora ho thunthung
Likutu tsa semela li khutsufatsoa kamora ho thunya, li siea cm cm 10-15. E omeletseng, e senyehileng e khaotsoe. Sesebelisoa se nang le palesa se kenngoa ka kamoreng e nang le mocheso oa + 3 ... +8 ° C, e nosetsoa hang ka khoeli. Haeba ho hlokahala, tloha sebakeng se le seng. Mathoasong a selemo ho tšela.
Phatlalatso ea potry chrysanthemum
Chrysanthemum e eletsoa ho jala ka li-cuttings, ho arola morung, ka seoelo peo.
Kamora ho fihlela ba le lilemo li tharo, qetellong ea lehlabula ba cheka sehlahla, ba leka ho se senye metso. Khaola letlobo la khale. Tsamaiso e lutse.
Khaolo ea chrysanthemums ka hoetla lapeng
Khoeli pele ho ts'ebetso kamora nako ea ho phomola, nakong ea selemo pitsa e fetisetsoa mocheso, moo + 10 ... +12 ° С. ha makhasi a 4-6 a theha, li-cutlets lia etsoa. Mobu o lokiselitsoe ho tloha humus, mobu oa jareteng le lehlabathe (1: 2: 0.5), ho tloha holimo ka lehlabathe la 2-3 cm. Li-cutlets li khaotsoe ka bolelele ba 8 cm, kenella ka Heteroauksin, Kornevin. Ba jala lisenthimithara tse 1,5 ka sejaneng se nang le mobu. Koahela ka filimi, e behe mocheso oa + 17 ... +20 ° C. Matlafatsa kamehla. Kamora libeke tse peli kamora ho mela, li lenngoe lipitsa. Li-cutlets li boetse li sebelisoa ho tsoa ka senkeng.
Ho khaola ka hoetla ho khetholloa ke 'nete ea hore letlobo le ntseng le eketseha ho tsoa ho ts'ebetso ea bo-mme le sebelisoa. Ebe semela se tla thunya ka April.
Mehato ka Mehato:
- Khetha sehlahla sa popelo.
- Khaola karolo e kaholimo ho motso.
- Emela ho fihlela letlobo le mela le hola ka 8 cm.
- Cheka sehlahla le sebaka ka sekotlolo ka motsoako o nang le phepo.
- Boloka libeke tse 3 mochesong oa + 5 ... +7 ° C. (ka sethaleng sa botala, kamoreng e ka tlase).
- Metsi ka tsela e itekanetseng.
- Ha letlobo le lenyenyane le li-internode tse 2-3 le thehoa, li cheka ho tsoa sehlahleng sa popelo, se lenngoeng mobung.
Peo
Hangata ha hlaha. Reka ka lebenkeleng, kenya mobu, o fafatsa ka lehlabathe, koahela ka filimi. Mobu o mongobo nako le nako. Ho hlaha ha pele ho hlaha libeke tse peli hamorao. Ha makhasi a mararo a thehoa, a jaloa a le mong.
Maloetse le Likokoanyana
Palesa e bonolo e pepesetsoa habonolo ke mafu le likokonyana.
| Ponahatso ea makhasi | Lebaka | Mehato ea ho lokisa |
| Grating e putsoa le fluffy. | Grey bola. | Kenya litlhare: Topsin-M, Fundazole. |
| E koahetsoe ka tlase ka matheba a mosehla, a bofubelu. | Septoria | Makhasi a tšoaelitsoeng a khaoloa le ho senngoa, a alafshoa ka koporo Chloride. |
| Motsoako o putsoa. | Powdery Mildew | Spray Bordeaux mokelikeli, Topaz, Siling. |
| Matheba a holimo holimo, 'mala oa lamunu. | Mofoka. | Sebelisa oxychloride ea koporo, Abiga Peak. |
| 'Mala o lerootho, o botsoa, letlobo lea shoa, metso ea ameha. | Verticillosis. | E sebelisitsoe le Glyocladin, Trichodermin, e holisitsoe. |
| Fella, fetoha mosehla, u oe. | Fungus mobung. | Likarolo tse amehileng lia khaoloa, li fetisetsoa mobung o mocha ka pH ea 6.5-7. |
| Matheba a manyane. | Mosebetsi. | Bakuli baa khaoloa, ba beoa. |
| Matheba a 'mala o mosehla, a omileng, a oa. | Nematode. | Likarolo tse amehileng lia tlosoa, li fetisoa, li phekoloa ka likokoana-hloko. |
| Sotha, holofetse, u se ke oa bula buds. | Hoaba. | Se ntse se sebetsoa ke Actellik, Fitoverm. |
| Matheba a bobebe ka tlase, a sootho ka holimo. | Manonyeletso. | Intavir, Decis e sebelisoa bakeng sa ts'ebetso. |
| 'Mala o mosehla o nang le matheba a masoeu. | Sekhopha mite. | E phekoloa ka tharollo e bonolo ea soapy, Fufan, Fitoverm. |
Monghali Summer o khothaletsa: chrysanthemum immune defender
Chrysanthemum e na le thepa e mengata e sebetsang. E na le phytocides, e hloekisa moea oa lintho tse kotsi, likhase. Ha o khella monko oa lipalesa, motho oa kokobela, ka hona semela se thusa ho imolla khatello ea maikutlo.
Ka lipalesa ho na le oli ea bohlokoa e matlafatsang sesole sa 'mele le e tsosang boitšireletso ba' mele, hape le li-antioxidants, livithamini, tee ea chrysanthemum e sebetsana le sefuba, likhohlela. Ho etsa hore boroko bo fokotsehe, ho hlokahala hore u hlafuna mahlapa a 'maloa a chrysanthemum.
Japane, palesa ke sesupo sa bophelo bo bolelele, thabo, setšoantšo sa eona se teng tiisong ea moemphera. Ho ea ka lipontšo tsa linaha tsa bochabela, haeba u ka e nka le eona - ho atleha leratong, mme ha ngoanana a itlhatsoa ka lithotse, e tla khahla banna haholo.
