Limela

Afelandra kapa Afelandra: tlhaloso, tlhokomelo

Afelandra (Afelandra) ke ea mofuta oa Acanthus. Lehae - libaka tse chesang tsa Amerika. Lelapa le kenyeletsa mefuta e ka bang 170-200 ho latela tlhaiso-leseling e tsoang mehloling e fapaneng, e meng ea eona e lengoa ka tlung.

Tlhaloso ea Afelandra

Afelandra ke semela se lulang se le setala sa herbaceous kapa shrub e tlaase. Sebakeng, e hola ho fihla ho 2 m, botlamuoeng, e tlase haholo, eseng ho feta 0.7 m.

Makhasi a maholo a lefifi, a boreleli, a boreleli kapa a boreleli ka masapo a sephara a sephara le a morao a beige, silevera, molala o mosoeu oa lehloa, mokhoa o ikhethang. Lipalesa tse nang le mabili a thata a mebala e metelele e lutse holim'a mofuta oa apole o bopehileng joaloka spike. Li na le li-corolla tse peli tsa molomo oa molumo o mofubelu, o mofubelu, o mosehla kapa oa lilac. Labellum e kaholimo (molomo) e na le meno e 'meli, e ka tlaase e na le matsoho a mararo.

Mefuta le mefuta e meng e loketseng lipalesa tsa ka tlung

Afelandra e sebelisetsoa ho tiisa meaho ea bolulo le liofisi, lipontšo tse fapaneng, jj. Mefuta e tummeng ea Afelandra:

Mefuta / mefutaLikarolo tse ikhethangMakhasiLipalesa
OrangeSehlahla se holang hanyane ka tlase se nang le molumo o bosootho bo lerootho oa 'mala o mofubelu, o holofalitsoeng ke lilemo.Oval-oblong, e fumanehang ka mokhoa o fapaneng. Mmala o motala oa silevera, o nang le metsheho e tiileng le pheletso e bohale.Bokhubelu bo khanyang ka makhasi a 'mala o moputsoa ho li-inflorescence tsa sethra.
RetzlE tsebahala haholo bakeng sa litaba tsa lapeng.E tšoeu-e tšoeu.Bofubelu ba mollo.
Ho sireletsa, mefuta e fapaneng:
  • Louise
  • Brockfield
  • Denmark
Ka lithupa tse senang nama.E kholo, ntle le petioles, elliptical ka sebopeho. Kantle, bo bosehla bo botala bo na le metsero e tšoeu ea silevera. Ka hare e bobebe.Palela e putsoa e nang le maqephe a sekoahelo se sefubelu. E bokellelitsoe inflorescence e nang le lifahleho tse 4. Corolla e thehiloe ke pestle le 4 stamens.

Tikoloho e nepahetseng bakeng sa ho hola naheng ea mahaeng

Ho hlokomela semela lapeng ha ho bonolo. Ntle le moo, lero la Afelandra le chefo, o hloka ho le ama ka liatlana, ho le hloekisa hole le bana le liphoofolo tsa lapeng. Bakeng sa kholo e ntle, hoa hlokahala ho fana ka tikoloho e haufi le ea tlhaho ka moo ho ka khonehang:

ParamenteMaemo
Sebaka / MaboneSelemo / lehlabulaHo oa / mariha
Likamore tse nang le moea o motle oa moea.
Ka mocheso o loketseng, tsoa moeeng o bulehileng, ka terata, le foranteng. Sireletsa meeeng ea moea, pula.

E khanyang, e hasantsoeng. Haeba pitsa e le fensetereng e ka boroa, e lokela ho chabisoa ka letsatsi.

Tlosa ho tse batang tsa fensetere sill hole le li-rascript.

Eketsa lihora tsa motšehare ho isa ho lihora tse 10-12 ka mabone a fluorescent. Li tlamelle ka bolelele ba 0.5-1 m ka holimo ho palesa.

Mokhoa oa mocheso+ 23 ... +25 ° С+15 ° С (ntle le Afelandra e hlahelletseng, e hloka + 10 ... +12 ° С).
Mongobo / Ho nosetsaE phahameng, eseng tlase ho 90-95%. Fafatsa makhetlo a 'maloa ka letsatsi. Tšela moss o kolobileng le peat ka pane. Kenya humidifier ka phapusing.Karolelano ea 60-65%
E leka-lekaneng, ha lefatše le omella (makhetlo a 2 ka beke).Ka seoelo, hanngoe ka mor'a likhoeli tse peli.
Metsi a mocheso oa kamoreng, a lula bonyane letsatsi le le leng. Ho molemo ho sebelisa qhibiliha kapa pula. Qoba metsi ho meroho. Etsa bonnete ba hore ha ho na ho thekesela ka pokothong. Sena se tla baka tsitsipano ea rhizome.
MobuLeseli, hlephileng, le moea o lekaneng oa moea. Motsoako oa:

  • turf, peat, lehlabathe (2: 1: 1);
  • substrate bakeng sa limela tse khabisang lipalesa, naha ea peat, lehlabathe (6: 3: 2);
  • turf, humus, peat, lehlabathe (2: 1: 1: 1).

Ho bohlokoa ho tšela molora oa patsi le sehlahisoa sa ts'ebetso ea masapo a liphoofolo metsing (3 g ka ho ya ka 3 l ea motsoako).

Ho apara ka holimoLibeke tse ling le tse ling tse 2-3. Mefuta e meng e rekileng limela tse khabisitsoeng ka lipalesa tse thunyang le limela: (meroho ea linonyana, likokonyana, bolokoe ba likhomo). Ho lakatseha ho pheha ka morao kantle, hobane monko o tla ba o tobileng:
  • 1/3 ea setshelo se tlatsitsoeng ka lisebelisoa tse tala;
  • tšela metsi a futhumetseng ka sekhahla;
  • kamora ponahalo ea monko (kamora matsatsi a 4-7) Ke batla ho kopanya;
  • Senya li-0.5 l tsa sehlahisoa ka lilithara tse 10 tsa metsi le ho nosetsa sehlahla.

Motsoako o tsoang mabenkeleng o sebelisoa ka thata ho ea ka Annotation.

Ha ho na tlhoko.

Landing

Balemi ba lipalesa ba hloahloa ba lema Afelandra tikolohong ea maiketsetso ntle le mobu. Sehlahla se nka lintho tse hlokahalang ho tsoa motsoakong oa limatlafatsi o potileng rhizome. Maemong ana, semela ha se hloke ho fetoloa.

Ntle le ho fetisoa, e lahleheloa ke matla a eona a ho khabisa: e hola ka matla ho ea holimo, e lahla makhasi a tlase, e pepesa kutu. Mefuta e menyenyane (ho fihlela ho lilemo tse 5) e tlameha ho fetisoa ka pitseng e ngoe selemo se seng le se seng. Lihlahla tse kholo - haeba ho hlokahala, e ka ba lilemo tse ling le tse ling tse 3-4.

Haeba metso ea methapo e ne e sena nako ea ho kenella hlama ea letsopa, e sa ka ea otloa ke mafu, ho lekane ho fetola karolo e kaholimo ea lefats'e (cm cm) selemo se seng le se seng hore e be substrate e ncha.

Nka pitsa lisentimitara tse 'maloa ho feta bophara ba tsamaiso ea metso. Tanka e tlameha ho ba le mekoti ea drainage. Ho molemo ho khetha pitsa ea lets'ollo ho li-ceramics tse se nang linate, ho thusa ho thusa mobu.

Ho fetisetsa mohato ka mohato:

  • Tšella sehlahla, emela metsotso e 5-10 ho tlatsa mobu ka botlalo.
  • Nka semela, hlakola metso ea lefats'e, rinse ka metsi a phallang.
  • Ba hlahlobe: li-process tse bola, tse omileng le tse sehiloeng li khaotsoe ka thipa e kenngoeng tharollo ea potanganum permanganate. Tšoara libaka tse senyehileng ka mashala a patiloeng.
  • Tšela drainage ho tsoa letsopa le atolositsoeng, shards, liponto 3-5 cm ka pitseng e ncha.
  • Tlatsa lipitsa ka mobu 1/3.
  • Beha sehlahla fatše, jala metso ea eona.
  • Ho ts'oara semela ka kotloloho, eketsa mobu, o se phaphatha hanyane (tlohela cm cm ho tloha holim 'a selelekela ho ea holimo ka pitseng).
  • Metsi a mangata ebe u a beha sebakeng se sa feleng.

Ho tsala

Afelandra e lengoa ho sebelisoa li-cuttings le lipeo. Mokhoa oa pele o nkuoa o ratoa ka ho fetisisa ebile o bonolo.

Keketseho ka li-cutlets:

  • Nakong ea selemo, khetha selemo se le seng, se phetseng hantle ho fihlela ho 15 cm.
  • Siea ho eona makhasi a mabeli a maholo a sa kulang.
  • Beha lintho tsa ho jala sebakeng sa khothaletso ea kholo (mohlala, Cornevin, Heteroauxin, Zircon).
  • Motso oa fofa.
  • Koahela ka polyethylene ho theha maemo a sethopo.
  • Boloka mocheso oa + 22 ... +24 ° C ka kamoreng e nang le khanya e khelohileng, ntle le meralo.
  • Tlosa sekwahelo bakeng sa metsotso e 10 letsatsi le letsatsi ho kenya moea o mongata le ho tlosa morusu.
  • Kamora libeke tse 4 ho isa ho tse8, ho mela ho tla ba teng, lihlahla li ka nkeloa lipompong tse arohaneng ebe li beoa sebakeng se sa feleng.

Ho sebelisoa ha Peō:

  • Kgetha peo e butsweng ka botlalo
  • Jala ka ho lekana holim 'a karolo e kaholimo ea lefatše.
  • Koahela ka sekotlolo sa khalase kapa mokotla oa polasetiki.
  • Boloka ka mocheso oa bonyane +25 ° C.
  • Hloekisa sebaka sa ho phomola letsatsi le leng le le leng bakeng sa metsotso e 20.
  • Kamora ho hlaha ha lithunthung tsa pele, e fetisetsoa ho makhasi a lipalesa tse nyane.

Haeba ho sena lebaka la ho sebelisa peo bakeng sa ho ikatisa, ho molemo hore u se ke oa emela ponahalo ea bona, hobane kholoa e tlosa limatlafatsi tsa limela le matla. Ho khothalletsoa ho khaola li-inflorescence hang ka mor'a hore li-petals li oe.

Mathata a Tloaelehileng a ho Hola Afelandra

Haeba liphoso li etsoa tlhokomelong ea aphelander, e qala ho utloisa bohloko, likokoanyana tsa likokoanyana li qala ho e ja.

PonahatsoMabakaMehato ea ho lokisa
Kholo e sootho, e oela holim'a litafole. Ho oa ha makhasi.Shield.
  • Tšoara ka litokisetso tsa chefo Fitoverm, Actellik.
  • Pheta ts'ebetso makhetlo a 2-3, ka nako ea beke le lesion e pharaletseng.
Palesa e bosoeu ba lehloa holim'a botala, joalo ka likarolo tsa boea ba k'hothone. Kholo ea emisa.Mealybug.
  • Pheta ka sesepa le metsi.
  • Etsa kopo ea Actofit, Aktara.
Makhasi a ponelitsoeng, deformation ea lipheletso tsa tsona. Likokoanyana tse tala lia bonahala semeleng.Hoaba.
  • Sebelisa lithethefatsi tse rekiloeng: Acarin, Spark Bio.
  • Phekola ka infusion ea seboko, konofolo le limela tse ling ka monko oa pungent.
Ho fifatsa, ho nolofatsa ha lephiri.Root rot.
  • Khaola mekhoa e senyehileng.
  • Hlatsoa metso e setseng ka tharollo ea potasiamo permanganate.
  • Boloka maqeba ka khabone e sithabetseng e kentsoeng.
  • Kamora lihora tse 2-3, jala sehlahla ka pitseng e nang le disinate ka mobu o mocha.
  • Haeba bola bo amme boholo ba metso ea methapo, aphelander e ke ke ea bolokoa.
Makhasi a oang.
  • Mongobo o sa lekanyetsoang oa mobu.
  • Litlolo, mocheso o tlase.
  • Leseli la UV.
  • Ho haella ha manyolo.
  • Moea o omileng.
  • Latela kemiso ea ho nosetsa le ho fepa.
  • Tsamaea sebakeng se futhumetseng.
  • Etsa moriti kapa o tlose letsatsing.
  • Spray letsatsi le leng le le leng, beha paneng ea drain.
Hooha.
  • Tlhahiso.
  • Qholotsa.
Tsamaisa pitsa.
Mebala e sootho e pota-potileng potoloha ea leqephe.
  • Hlobo.
  • Mongobo o tlase.
  • Senya lijana tse amehileng.
  • Ho phekola ka lithethefatsi Topaz, Skor.
  • Tšela beisine ea metsi haufi le semela.
  • Kenya humidifier.
Mebala e sootho.
  • Khanya e khanyang.
  • Ho haelloa ke moea o mocha.
  • Netefatsa kamore letsatsi le letsatsi.
  • Ho moriti.
Makhasi a felileng.
  • Khaello ea liminerale.
  • Pitsa e nyane.
  • Sheba mofuta oa phepo.
  • Pheta sehlahla.
Ho lieha kapa ho hloka lipalesa.
  • Ho haella ha manyolo.
  • Mabone a fosahetseng.
  • Ho hlahisa mefuta ea liminerale ho latela regimen.
  • Fetohela kamoreng e bobebe.
  • Eketsa lihora tsa motšehare ka mabone a fluorescent.
Verticillus wilting: yellowing le ho putlama ha makhasi a tlase, ho sotheha hoa lipolanete tse holimo, lefu la sehlahla butle butle.Tšoaetso ea fungal ea mobu.Ha ho khonehe ho folisa. Ho thibela mafu, karoloana e ka tlase e lokela ho bolaoa pele ho nako. Mohlala, beha hora e 1 ka ontong kapa u tšoare ka bateng ea metsi ka mocheso oa +80 ° C. Sena se tla senya ts'oaetso.