Li-hyacinths: lipalesa, semela, tlhokomelo ea lapeng

Palesa ea hyacinth e khahla ka sebopeho sa eona se sa tloaelehang sa inflorescence, moferefere oa mebala le monko o monate. Madache, a qalileng ho lema palesa morao koana lekholong la bo 18 la lilemo, a theha mefuta e mecha, a ba reha mabitso a barati ba bona, mme a hatella mabitso a likarolo tsa mefuta e mecha. Ba ile ba senya lebitso la mots'oari oa bona ea ikhethang, setaki se seholo, moemeli oa nako ea khauta ea sekolo sa maDutch - Rembrandt Harmenszoon Van Dyck, a fa lebitso lena ho "boputsoa" ba lipalesa tse nang le monko o monate o monate oa lipalesa tse 'mala o moputsoa o boputsoa ke moeli o mosoeu.

Nalane ea Hyacinth: Litlhare le Litlhahiso

"Hyacinth" ka SeGreek e bolela "palesa ea pula", ho na le lipale tse ngata tse mabapi le ponahalo ea eona.

Bokhabane ba mmala nakong ea lipalesa

E bululetsoe ke litšōmo, e koahetsoeng hanyane ka liphiri tsa ponahalo ea bona, li-hyacinths li nkoa e le lipalesa tsa lerato, ho tšepahala, thabo le ... masoabi. Greece, o bitsoa palesa ea mohopolo oa Hyacinth, e mong oa melimo ea Sparta ea khale, mohlankana e motle ea ileng a shoa nakong ea tlholisano le Apollo. Apollo, ea ileng a akhela disc, ka phoso o ile a ba otla hloohong ea Hyacinth. Mali a fafalitsoeng fatše a fafatsa joang bo botala, mme kamora nakoana lipalesa tse khubelu tsa lilac tse nang le monko o monate li ile tsa hola sebakeng seo. Apollo ea utloileng bohloko o ile a reha palesa ka mor'a motsoalle oa hae ea hlokahetseng. Ka lilemo tse fetang sekete, tšōmo ena e lula e le tlhaloso e tummeng ka ho fetisisa ea ponahalo ea hyacinth.

Hamorao, ho ile ha hlaha leano le leng: ha Ntoa ea Trojan e lala, Ajax le Odysseus ba ile ba phatlalatsa tokelo ea bona ea libetsa tsa Achilles kamora lefu la hae. Lekhotla la baholo le ile la ema le Odysseus, ho hloka toka hona ho ile ha otla Ajax, mme a ithunya ka sabole. Hyacinth e ile ea hola ho tloha marotholi a mali a hae, sebopeho sa makhasi a lipalesa a ne a tšoana le litlhaku tsa pele tsa lebitso la hae α (alpha) le Υ (ipsilon).

Tlhaloso ea limela ka semela

Hyacinth ke eng? Ona ke semela se jang limela sa herbaceous se nang le bolelele ba 20-25 cm.

Hyacinth e shebahala joang? Makhasi a lero le khanyang a lerootho a basal, a moqotetsane, a kahare, ka sebopeho, a fihla ho 20 cm ka bolelele ho fihlela 1.5 cm ka bophara. Semeleng se le seng, ho na le likotoana tse 4,8. Li ajoa ka mokhoa o lekanang ho potoloha botlaaseng. Mofuta oa lipalesa ke tsoelo-pele ea tlase, ena ke karolo e khuts'oane ea kutu. Kamora ho thunya, karolo eohle ea sefofane e oma, lekala le bopa kahare ho tleloubu e ntseng e hola ebe e fetoha bulb e nyane ebe e thunya selemong se tlang. Likhutlong tsa makhasi, foromo ea bana e ka aroloa, empa e tla thunya feela ka mor'a lilemo tse 'maloa. Lipalesa li beoa ka holim'a kutu, li etsa borashe. Perianth e mebala e khanyang ke setaki se bopehileng joaloka bell se nang le likamore tse boreleli.

Litholoana tse thehiloeng kamora ho thunya li na le lebokose la letlalo le nang le likarolo tse tharo, e 'ngoe le e' ngoe e na le peo tse peli.

Bohloekisi ba hlaha ka tlhaho

Ka tlhaho, li-hyacinths tse hlaha li fumanoa Europe Bophirimela, linaha tsa Mediterranean. Mefuta e meng e mela libakeng tse haufi tsa Iran le Turkmenistan, tse ling li lula libakeng tse lithaba tsa linaha tsena, li khetholla lipakeng tsa mefuta ea masimo le meru.

Palesa ea Muscari e itekanetseng e boetse e hlahisoa ho bona, e boetse e bitsoa hyacinth ea mouse. Semela se ka fumaneha Caucasus, Crimea, Asia Minor le Europe Boroa.

Mefuta le mefuta e sa tsoaneng ea li-hyacinths

Semela sa Hyacinth sa lelapa la Asparagus. E ne e le hore ho na le mefuta ea 30 le mefuta e fetang 500. Joale, ho ea ka sehlopha se secha, ke mefuta e 3 feela e khetholloang:

• Bochabela, bo atileng haholo, motheong oa bona ho hlahisoa mefuta e sa tsoaneng. Habitat - sebaka sa Greece le Lihlekehleke tsa Balkan.
• Litvinova - e khetholloa ke botle ba eona, e hola methating ea Iran le Turkmenistan.
• Trans-Caspian - e na le bophahamo bo phahameng le liranta tse 2, pente e lekantsoe le mebala e putsoa le e putsoa. Sebaka seo tsoalo e tsoalloang ho sona ke sisteme ea Kopetdag, e leng karolo ea lithaba tsa Turkmen-Khorasan.

Mefuta ena e meraro ke ea bohlokoa ho bopeng mefuta e mengata le mefuta e mengata.

Ha e le hantle, limela tsa temo li lengoa selemo le selemo.

Botjhabela

Mofuta ona ke oa perennials, e hola ho fihla ho cm 30. Bokaholimo ba makhasi a khanyang a bopehileng joaloka lebanta bo hokelloa hanyane ke li-grooves. Palesa ea lipalesa e lokile, e cylindrical, palo ea lipalesa e fihla ho 35. Lipalesa tse ntle li hlaha bohareng ba bo-April le thunya bakeng sa khoeli. Terry le mefuta e bonolo e teng, sebopeho sa tsona ke sebopeho sa tšepe, sebopeho se betliloeng ebile se bopehile bell. Ho na le mefuta ea lipalesa tse mosehla, tse pinki, tse putsoa le tse pherese. Lipalesa li tsoela pele libeke tse peli, sebakeng sa lipalesa, litholoana tsa lebokose li thehoa.

Mefuta e thabela lerato le khethehileng la balemi ba lipalesa ka lebaka la thepa ea eona e ikhethang - ho qobella bokhoni, ha ba fihlella kholo e potlakileng le lipalesa tse ngata tsa semela ka nako ea extracurricular.

Mefuta ea bochabela e sebelelitse ho hlaha ha mefuta e fetang sekete, 'me palo ea bona e ntse e eketseha selemo le selemo, ke eena feela moqapi oa mefuta e teng.

Hyacinth Jan bos

Primrose e ntle e nang le lipalesa tse tlotsitsoeng tsa lipalesa tse tala tse monko o monate, tse monko o monate, Jan bos hyacinth, lithunthung ka Hlakubele kapa Mots'eanong, ho latela maemo a leholimo a sebaka seo. Makhasi a na le lebili le bosootho bo bosehla bo botala bo botala. The inflorescence ke botenya, e na le lipalesa tse 18-26. Nako ea lipalesa ke libeke tse 2-3.

Libaka tse futhumetseng li futhumatsa khanya ea letsatsi kapa sebaka se koahetsoeng hanyenyane ntle le moea le masapo. E loketse li-distillation, ho kuta le ho lema sebakeng se bulehileng. Hyacinth Yan Bos e hloka ho cheka bulbs selemo le selemo.

Hyacinth Woodwood

E hlahile Netherlands ka 1992, hyacinth ea Woodwood (Woodstock hyacinth) ke ea sehlopha sa lipalesa se seholo se nang le lipalesa tsa hyacinths. E thunya ka Hlakubele le Mphalane. E fapana le mefuta e meng ka 'mala oa eona oa bopherese bo boputsoa bo nang le "ruby tint" le monko o phehellang. Lipalesa ka mofuta oa litloloko tse nyane li koahela peduncle. Lipalesa li ngata, li nka libeke tse 1-3. Li-bulbs li kholo, li mela habonolo 'me li mela hammoho.

Mofumahali oa Hyacinth Gipsy

'Mala o sa tloaelehang hape o motle haholo oa apricot oa mofumahali oa hyacinth Gipsy (Mofumahali oa Gypsy) o ke ke oa siea mang kapa mang a iphapanyetsa. Lipalesa tsa eona tse thata tse nang le monko o monate oa monko li lula li le nchafatsa nako e telele. Lipalesa li nka matsatsi a 20. E sebelisoa bakeng sa distillation mariha le nakong ea selemo, e lenngoeng lipitsa le libethe tsa lipalesa. Semela se nka lifoto, se hola hofetisisa le mobu o nonneng o sa sebetseng.

Bohloekisi bo hlaha, kapa moru

Hyacinth ea naha e na le mabitso a mangata:

• Sepelepele sa Spain.
• Hyacinthoid.
• Scylla ke Sepanish.
• Hyacinthoides.

Nyane e tsejoa Russia, Europe ke palesa e tsebahalang haholo. Ke ea limela tse nang le limela tse ngata haholo. Makhasi a boreleli, a boreleli, a malelele, a bokelloa ka rosette ea basal. Peduncle e telele, e hola hamorao ho feta makhasi. Li-inflorescence tsa motso li na le lipalesa tse nyane tse nang le mabili a likotoana tsa 4-20. Mebala ea tsona e fapane haholo 'me e kenyeletsa mebala:

• Bosoeu
• Pinki
• Blue
• Violet.

Nako ea lipalesa e tsamaisana le lipalesa tsa hona joale, bolelele ba libeke tse peli ho isa ho tse tharo, empa inflorescence ha e boreleli joalo ka ea hona joale, mme e tšoana le likhahla tsa phula, e neng e le lebaka la ho hlaha ha lebitso le leng - likhahla tse mebala-bala tsa phula. Hangata monko ha o eo, empa mefuta e meng e hlahisa monko o bobebe. Kamora ho thunya, khoeli kamora moo, karolo e kaholimo ho lefatše e fetoha e putsoa ebe ea shoa, e hlahang ho bulbs tsohle.

Hyacinth Blue baki

E 'ngoe ea mefuta ea lipalesa tse ncha (Mphalane-Mmesa) e fapaneng - jekete ea Blue ea hyacinth (Blue baki), e bopa inflorescence e kholo ea sebopeho sa cylindrical. Lipalesa tsa lilakane ke lilac-putsoa, ​​li khanya ka lehlakoreng la molumo, o ts'oanang le metsero. Ho na le likotoana tse ka bang 40 ho inflorescence. Monko oa monate, empa o matla ka ho lekana. Lipalesa li nka matsatsi a 15. Semela se na le lifoto tse ngata, mariha a tsona a mariha a tlase.

Mokhoa o tebileng oa bokhabane ba jarete e thuntseng ea Blue ea pele

Motse oa harlem hyacinth

Motse o khanyang le o motlehali oa Haarlem hyacinth ke oa mefuta e meholo e phallang haholo. E lula e le e 'ngoe ea libaka tsa pele hara limela tse loketseng ho mela le ho lema ka libethe tsa lipalesa nakong ea selemo. E thunya ka Hlakubele-Hlakubele matsatsi a ka bang 20, e hlahisa inflorescence e khanyang ea mosehla. E holile e le palesa ea ka tlung le semela sa jareteng. Libaka tse futhumalitsoeng ke letsatsi kapa tse koahetsoeng hanyane.

Hyacinth Yellowstone

Yellowstone ke mofuta oa morao oa mekhabiso, moemeli oa sehlopha se nang le lipalesa tse kholo. Yellowstone hyacinth inflorescence e na le lipalesa tse 30-40 tsa 'mala o moputsoa o khanyang oa naleli o nang le monko o matla. E thunya ka Mots'eanong ho fihlela matsatsi a 20. Mefuta e fapa-fapaneng e hanyetsoa ke maemo a leholimo a leholimo a loketseng molemong oa ho mela habonolo le ho hlophisoa ha lipalesa.

Boreleli ba lerole la sunny

Hyacinth Carnegie

Ena ke e 'ngoe ea mefuta e sa tloaelehang e nang le mebala e makatsang ea mebala e tšoeu, joaloka pampiri. Carnegie hyacinth e na le inflorescence e tloaelehileng ho fihlela ho 20 cm e phahameng le lipalesa tse fihlang ho 30. Lipalesa tse nang le sebopeho sa linaleli tse nang le li-lobes tse ngata tsa perianth. Carnegie ha e na boikokobetso, e hola hantle mobung o bulehileng libakeng tse bataletseng le tse mongobo hanyane, mme e holile joalo ka sejalo sa ntlo. E sebelisoa bakeng sa distillation, ho lema libetheng tsa lipalesa, e ntle bakeng sa ho kuta.

Bohloeki bo bosoeu ba lehloa ba li-inflorescence tsa Carnegie

Hyacinth Anna Lisa

Li-inflorescence tsa hyacinth Anna Lisa li kholo, li bobebe, li-pelescent, li-pink-lilac shades tse nang le lesela le lefifi bohareng ba lepolanka. Mefuta e fapa-fapaneng e loketse ho hola joalo ka seterata, mobung o bulehileng le joalo ka sejalo se apereng ntlo. E nkoa e le e 'ngoe e molemohali bakeng sa distillation. A moea o bulehileng o lahlela inflorescence ho elella bofelong ba Mmesa mme o thunya matsatsi a 18-20.

Pearl ea Hyacinth Pink

Makhasi a malelele a matte a khetholloa ke meroho e khanyang. Li-inflorescence tse khanyang tse pinki tse khanyang tse nang le lipalesa tse bopehileng joaloka linaleli, tseo mabele a tsona a phatsimang ka bokhabane 'me a na le' mala o fapaneng: bohareng - bo khanyang, bo bobebe haufi le moeli. E qala ho thunya ka Hlakubele-Mots'eanong, lipalesa li nka libeke tse 3.

Mefuta ea tsona ke e tummeng har'a mefuta ea bochabela. E lengoa ka jareteng, ka pitseng e lifensetereng kapa semeleng se leketlileng ka foranteng.

Hyacinth Vuurbaak

Lentsoe "Vuurbaak" le fetoletsoe e le "lebone la khanya". Lebitso la mefuta e lokafatsa 'mala oa eona o khanyang. Inflorescence ka sebopeho sa brashi e letso-letso, e sephara-cylindrical ka sebopeho. Peduncle e nang le lipalesa tse peli tse bosootho bo bokhutšoaane ba mebala e sa tloaelehang haholo: bofubelu-pinki bohareng le boputsoa bo pherese kapa mmala o mopinki haufi le lehlakore. Mofuta ona ha o khetholloe ke botle ba lipalesa feela, empa o boetse o na le monko o matla le o phehellang.

Hyacinth Splendid pooneia

Mefuta e fapaneng e tsebahala har'a balemi ba lipalesa ebile ba fumane moputso ka lebaka la mebala ea eona e ntle, sebopeho le monko. Mofuta o teteaneng oa "inflorescence" o na le sebopeho sa cylindrical, o bonoa hanyane ka hanyane. Lipalesa li pinki-lilac ka 'mala o nang le setsi se lefifi le moeli o bobebe ho potoloha lehlakore.

Li-inflorescence tse boreleli Splendid cornelia

Hyacinth Hollyhock

Ho mefuta eohle, lipalesa tsa Hollyhock hamorao ho feta tsohle. Makhasi a na le botala bo lefifi, rosette e ntlafalitsoe hantle. Li-inflorescence tse teteaneng tsa sebopeho sa oblong-oval li fihla lisenthimithara tse 17. Karolo e ikhethang ke lipalesa tse kholo tsa 'mala oa' mala o mofubelu o hlollang.

Moferefere o motle oa inflorescence e khubelu le ea raspberry ea Hollyhock

Tlhokomelo ea hyacinth lapeng

Liphetho tsa khetho ea hyacinth ea bochabela ke mefuta e mengata e tummeng ka ho fetisisa, e ntseng e hola le ho e hlokomela e etsoa ho latela melao e ts'oanang.

Bohloeki ba tlhokomelo ea lapeng bo hloka se ts'oanang le ha se se se lemetse serapeng. O hloka ho theha tikoloho e haufi le maemo a hae a tlhaho a kholo, 'me a e fetole ho latela linako tsa selemo.

Nakong ea selemo, ha e thunya, hyacinth e hloka ho nosetsa le ho apara ka holimo.

Hyacinth ho hlokomela lehlabula joang? Palesa e phomola, bulb e chekiloeng e bolokiloe sebakeng se batang ho fihlela ho lema ka hoetla.

Ho nosetsa le mongobo

Karolo ea bohlokoa ea tlhokomelo ke ho nosetsa, ho ngata, empa ha ho na seoelo.

Palesa e rata sebaka se omileng, se moea o hantle.

Sebaka le Mabone

Hoetla, bulbs e lenngoe lipitsa ebe e beoa sebakeng se lefifi. Mariha, ka mor'a ho hlaha ha lipeo, mabone a ntlafatsoa butle-butle. Ha letlobo le nyoloha 2,5 cm, le a hlophisoa bocha ka moriti o itseng.

Pitsa e kentsoe ka boroa kapa ka boroa-bochabela sill sill haufi le khanya ea tlhaho, ho qoba khanya ea letsatsi ka kotloloho le thepa ea ho futhumatsa. Haeba lifensetere li shebile leboea, pitsa e ka beoa bohareng ba kamore.

Mathata a ntseng a hola li-hyacinths

Ka linako tse ling liphetoho lia shebahala:

• Ho etsa makhasi a makhapetla, sesosa ke mokhoa o sa reroang kapa metsi a kenang lebenkeleng ha a nosetsoa.
• Ho ruruha ha makhasi ho bakoa ke mabone a sa lekanang.
• Lihlahla li theoha ha phetoho e matla ea mocheso le metsi e fihla sehlaheng.
• Lipalesa lia emisa ka lebaka la mocheso.
• Li-bulting tse tsoakiloeng li etsahala ka lebaka la ho lula hoa metsi mobung.

Nako le nako, semela se angoa ke ho bola ha kokoana-hloko e khubelu;

Likokoana-hloko (li-spider mites le nematode) li laoloa li sebelisa chefo e bolaeang likokoanyana.

Mehleng ea khale, batho ba ne ba lumela mehlaleng ea bonohe ea hyacinth. Ho ne ho lumeloa hore inhalation ea monko oa eona o hloekisa menahano ea motho, e eketsa matla, e sireletsa khahlanong le lira, e susumetsa lithothokiso. Haeba sena e se 'nete ka botlalo, motho e mong le e mong o iketsetsa botle ba li-inflorescence tse khanyang le monko oa tsona o bobebe.

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