Dolphinium perennial

Delphinium e ka ba mokhabiso oa 'nete bakeng sa serapa se seng le se seng. Batho ba tsebile palesa ena ho tloha mehleng ea khale. Mofuta oa ho hlohlona kapa ho phela (se bitsoang sejalo) o kenyelletsa lijalo tse fapaneng tse fetang 400 tsa baemeli ba selemo le selemo. Tsena kaofela li ts'oana le nako e telele ea lipalesa, le ho ba teng ha lihlopha kapa li-inflorescence tse tšohileng.

Tšimoloho le litlhaloso

Naha ea khale ea semela sena e Greece, lebitso ka bolona le tsoa motseng oa Delphi, kamora moo lipalesa tse ngata li ileng tsa hola. Lebitso la moetlo ona le fanoe ke Dioscorides, eo e neng e le ngaka ea khale ea Mogerike ebile e le setsebi sa tlhaho.

Delphinium, ponahalo

Semela se na le kutu e otlolohileng e sa koaloang, eo ho seng thata ho e qhala, hobane mefuta e melelele e tla hloka ho etsa garter. Limela tsa mofere-fere li na le bolelele ba limithara tse 0,1 ho isa ho 0,4, bolelele - ho fihlela ho 2 metres, mefuta ea meru ke limmapa tse kholo (3 metres).

Lirurubele tsa makhasi a Delphinium a hlobolisitsoeng, li na le mahlakore a phallang. Li ka ba li-wedge tse nang le sebopeho kapa li-multifaceted. Mmala oa makhasi o fapana ho ea ka 'mala oa palesa. Haeba ho le lefifi, makhasi a sootho kapa a bofubelu, haeba a bobebe, ebe a matala. Tsela eo makhasi a hlophisitsoeng ka eona e fapane, boholo ba eona bo angoa ke boleng ba mobu le mefuta ea larkpur.

Lipalesa e ka ba:

• bonolo;
• halofo habeli;
• terry.

Foromo ka boeona e lekantsoe bakeng sa ho tsamaisoa ka peō ea limela, li-hummingbird, ho isa bo tlase haholo e loketse li-butterflies. Ka mebala, lipalesa li ka ba boputsoa kapa ba pherese, mefuta ea setso e na le palete e ntle haholo. Li-inflorescence li fumanoa li tšohile ebile li na le liphiramide.

Palesa e bonolo

Lipalesa li na le boholo ba cm 2-8, sena se khethoa ke mefuta. Inflorescence e le 'ngoe e na le lipalesa tse 50 ho isa ho tse 80 tse halofo ea kutu.

Mefuta le mefuta ea delphinium

Ho ka khona ho arola baemeli ba mofuta oa fern ka lihlopha tse 3:

• E phahameng ka ho fetisisa - Delphinium e phahameng ka ho fetisisa e hola ho fihla ho 3 metres. Liroto tsa makhasi li na le 'mala o motala o putsoa, ​​kutu e koahetsoe ke villi. Li-inflorescence ke corymbose, le letso;
• Li-flowered tse kholo - li emeloa ke semela sa selemo le selemo ho fihlela ho 0,8 m ka bolelele. Stem e na le lekala le emeng. Delphinium e qala ho thunya bohareng ba lehlabula;
• Tšimo - e sebetsa le ho li-selemo, bolelele - ho fihlela ho 2 metres. Nako ea lipalesa ke Phupu-Loetse. Li-inflorescence ke pyramidal, ho na le lipalesa tse peli hape tse bonolo.

Ho bohlokoa ho bua ka botlalo ka mefuta e meng e khahlisang ea boits'oaro.

Delphinium tšoeu

Ba ratang limela tse nang le limela ba lokela ho hlahlobisisa mefuta ea Halahard. Likarolo tse ikhethang li kenyelletsa bolelele (limithara tse peli) le boteng ba lipalesa tse bosoeu bo bosehla bo bophara ba cm 7.

Mefuta e tšoeu

Semela se sebelisoa ha ho etsoa meeli le mabota. Hantlentle delphinium e tšoeu e khaotsoe.

Delphinium mosehla

Moriti ona ke mofuta oa "delphinium" e nang le litelu tse halofo e hola naheng ea Iran le Afghanistan; Semela se fihla bophahamo ba cm cm 120. Ba batlang ho lema palesa e ntle ba eletsoa ho reka thepa ea peo ea Sun Knight. Ho bohlokoa ho sheba tšobotsi eo "delphinium e mosehla" e nang le eona ke mocheso o moholo oa lerato.

Delphinium putsoa

O ka kopana le moemeli ea joalo sebakeng sa Caucasus. Monyetla ona oa nakoana o boetse o bitsoa delphinium e ntle. Bophahamo ba semela bo fihla ho 0,8 m, li-inflorescence li ka ba bolelele ba 0,45 m, sebopeho ke cystiform. Lipalesa li ka ba tse putsoa kapa tse pherese.

Mophato o moputsoa

Delphinium putsoa e emeloa ke bonyane mefuta e meng e 'meli le mefuta e meholo: lipalesa tse kholo kapa tsa China, "Royal", "Magic Fountain", "Pacific".

Delphinium putsoa

Mefuta e fapaneng e bitsoang "Summer Sky" e tla thabisa barati ba semela ba batlang ho holisa lipalesa tse khubelu tse bobebe. Bophahamo ba fern bo fihla ho 2 metres. Setso sa perennial se rata libaka tse nang le mabone a matle le moriti o itseng nakong ea lihora tse chesang.

Delphinium putsoa e qala ho thunya ka Phuptjane ebe e fela ka Phupu. Limela li ka jaloa ka bonngoe le ka sehlopha. Karolo e 'ngoe ke ho ema ha nako e telele ho sehiloeng. Sena se kenyelletsa Dolphinium ea New Zealand.

Terry Delphinium

Mefuta ena e kenyelletsa mefuta e mengata, empa Black Knight e tla shebahala e sebetsa haholo. Moetlo o fihla ho limithara tse peli ka bolelele, li-inflorescence li telele, li bopehile joaloka sebopeho, 'mala oa lipalesa o pherese, haufi le lilac. Serapeng sa lipalesa, semela se joalo se shebahala se le setle le baemeli ba bang ba malapa a perennial.

Knight e ntšo

Terry Delphinium e emeloa ke mefuta e latelang:

• "The Black Knight";
• Mohlokomeli
• "Leru le beli."

Pink delphinium

U ka fumana mefuta e pinki ka ho reka mefuta e latelang:

• "Mofumahatsana"
• "Red Giant";
• "Dusky Maiden";
• "Sweethearts tse tebileng";
• "Kano ea bocha."

Mofumahali carolina

Pink Delphinium "Kano ea Bocha" e emeloa ke limela tse fihlang bophahamong ba limithara tse 0,7, lipalesa li pinki ka 'mala. Mefuta eohle e meng e boetse e pinki mefuteng e fapaneng ea satellite.

Ts'oaela ka mora ho reka libakeng tse bulehileng

Ho ea pele, mabapi le delphinium, lilemo tse ngata tsa ho lema le ho hlokomela. Ke nako ea ho utloisisa lits'oants'o tse kholo tsa ho lema semela se setle.

Seo o se hlokang ho lulisa:

• lihlahla tsa fern (ho molemo ho nka limela ka lilemo tse 3-4);
• sebaka sa ho lulisa;
• Ts'ehetso bakeng sa garter, haeba ho khethoa limaraka tse telele.

Sebaka se loketseng

Ka khetho e nepahetseng ea sebaka sa ho jala, fern e tla lula e khahlisa mong'a eona ka lipalesa tse ntle. Melao ea mantlha e tjena:

Sebaka sa marang-rang

1. Ho ba teng ha mabone a matle. Sebaka se setle ke moo ho nang le khanya ea letsatsi hoseng le mantsiboea, le moriti thapama. Moetlo o mamella mocheso hantle, empa haeba mefuta e mebala e khanyang e tla fifala tlasa khanya ea letsatsi, e leng se tla lebisa ho lahleheloeng ke botle le mekhabiso.
2. Bopaki ba ngoloa. Har'a li-dolphiniums ho na le mefuta e kholo ea mefuta e melelele, li-moea tse matlafatsang li ka roba habonolo maraba.
3. Ha hoa lokela ho ba le ho ferekana ha metsi. Haeba mongobo o sa kenngoe mobung nako e telele, joale metso ea metso e tla bola.
4. Tlhokomelo e khethehileng e lokela ho lefshoa mobung.

Mokhoa oa ho lokisa mobu

Ha u lema dolphinium, haeba ka lebaka le itseng mobu o setsing o sa tsamaellane le se setle, o ka ntlafatsoa. Bakeng sa masimo a letsopa:

• lehlabathe - lilakane tse 1-2 kaimitara e le 'ngoe;
• menontsha ea liminerale - ligrama tse 50-80 ka mithara e le ngoe;
• humus kapa manyolo ka litlama - 20-25 kg ka 1 m².

Mobu o omileng pele o lema meroalo e ntlafalitsoeng ka 1 m²:

• moaparo o holimo oa liminerale - ligrama tse 40-50;
• manyolo a manyolo - 10-15 lik'hilograma.

Lime e eketsoa mobung o nang le asiti, 'me sebabole ho granules se ekeletsoa lehlabathe la alkaline (30-50 lig ka 1 m²).

Mohato ka-mohato mohato

Ho lisa Delphinium ho etsahala ho latela molao-motheo o latelang:

• Ho cheka lefatše ho khaba ea kharafu.
• Sekhahla sa drainage sa 20 cm se behiloe kantle.
  

  Li-cuttings

• Lefatše le epiloeng le kopantsoe le manyolo: manyolo ka kotloloho - sekoti se le seng, molora - likopi tse peli, lijo tsa masapo - kopi e le 1, superphosphate - likhaba tse 2. Palo e baloa ho 1 m².
• Lipeo tsa fern li tšeloa mobung e le hore 'metso oa metso ha o tšeloe ho feta cm cm.

Ho ikatisa ha dolphinium

Ho na le likhetho tse 'maloa tsa ho ikatisa fern ea lapeng.

Li-cuttings

Li-cuttings tsa limela nakong ea selemo, ka mor'a kholo ea letlobo. Hang ha li fihla bophahamong ba 10 cm, li ka khaoloa motso ka karolo e nyane. Li-cuttings li lenngoe ka sejaneng se loketseng ka mobu, kaha se tebisitse motso ka cm cm 2. Tsamaiso e loketseng ea mocheso ka phapusing ke + 20-25 ° C.

Ho beha mokoti sebakeng se bataletseng sa letsatsi ha ho khothalletsoe, ho molemo ho khetha moriti o bobebe. Shelter e entsoeng ka khalase kapa polyethylene e sebelisoa ho theha maemo a kang a sethopo. Kamora matsatsi a 14-21, kholo ea metso ea sistimi e qala. Nako ea ts'ebetso e nka matsatsi a 28-35.

Temo ea peo

Mokhoa ona o kenyelletsa likhetho tse peli: lipeo li jaloa ka kotloloho mobung, kapa lipeo li qala ho fumanoa ho tsona, ebe peo e fetisetsoa setsing.

U ka fumana lipeo joang

O ka fihlella lipalesa ka selemo sa pele sa bophelo bo sa feleng ka ho etsa moralo o latelang:

1. Ho jala ho etsoa ka Hlakubele (ho na le phytolamp bakeng sa khanya e eketsehileng) kapa o hloka ho ema ho fihlela lihora tsa motšehare li eketseha.
2. Peo e alosoa pele u lema.
3. Boikhethelo ba ho jala le bona bo bohlokoa. Ho khothalletsoa ho sebelisa lijana tsa seedling tse nang le botebo bo sa tebang, moo ho nang le likoti tsa drainage.
4. Ho lokisa mobu. U ka sebelisa motsoako o akaretsang bakeng sa lipeo kapa li-anculents. Bakeng sa ba batlang ho e etsa ka matsoho a bona: likarolo tse peli tsa peat, likarolo tse 4 tsa jareteng kapa mobu oa jarete, likarolo tse 2 tsa humus kapa manyolo, karolo e le 'ngoe ea lehlabathe. Mobu o tlameha ho koaheloa, o kenyelletsa perlite ka lebelo la khalase e le ngoe ka lithara tse 10 tsa lefatše.
5. Ho bolaoa ha sebola sa mobu hoa etsoa (ho futhumala ka ontong metsotso e 60). Haeba motsoako o rekile, joale e lokela ho tšolloa "Fitosporin."
6. Tlatsa litanka ka mobu, jala boitsebiso boo holim'a metsi, ha ho hlokahale hore o tebise le ho silakanya.
7. Bakeng sa ho fafatsa, vermiculite kapa motsoako o fokolang oa mobu o sebelisoa.
8. Koahela lijana ka lids kapa polyethylene, beha lijalo sebakeng se pholileng se lefifi. Moo ba tla qala ho hola.

Peo e qala ho mela bohareng ba beke ea bobeli. Ho khothalletsoa hore ho tloha matsatsing a 7 (ka mor'a ho lema) ho hlahlobe lipeo tsa letsatsi le letsatsi tsa lipeo. Hang ha lijalo li hlaha, li tla hloka ho isoa ka kamoreng e futhumetseng. Likepe le tsona lia tloha.

Lipalesa tsa Delphinium li fumanoa lipeo tlasa maemo a latelang:

• mobu o mongobo;
• lihora tsa motšehare lihora tse 12-16;
• mocheso + 18-20 ° С.

Lipeo

Ho khetha ho etsoa ha makhasi a mabeli a 'nete a hlaha. Lihlahisoa li hloka ho kenngoa ka har'a likhaba tse nyane, mobu o tla tšoana le o sebelisoang molemong oa ho mela, o boetse o hloka ho kenyelletsa manyolo a rarahaneng a liminerale tse 2 ka lithara tse 10 tsa mobu.

Ho kenella ka serapeng

Palesa ea Delphinium e lokela ho lengoa halofo ea bobeli ea Mmesa, ho hlokahala hore o qale ka ho lokisa serapa:

• cheka mobu 30 cm;
• ho fepa mofuta o rarahaneng;
• etsa li-grooves ho ea fihla botebo ba 1.5 cm;
• nosetsa haholo;
• jala lihlahisoa tsa peo haufi le lijalo;
• ho tlatsa ka mobu o omileng.

Ho fumana letlobo le potlakileng haholoanyane, bethe ea serapeng e koetsoe ho theha sethopo se sebelisa agrofibre kapa filimi e lefifi. Libethe li hloka ho kolobisoa nako le nako hore li se ke tsa omella. O ka tlosa lisebelisoa ka mor'a ho hlaha ka matsatsi a 21-28.

Ho arola morung

U hloka ho khetha lihlahla tse fihletseng lilemo tse 3-4. Bakeng sa tlhahiso, selemo se loketse hantle ha makhasi a qala ho hola.

Karolo ea Bush

Ho tsoa mobung, hoa hlokahala ho tlosa motso le ho o arola e le hore enfelka ka 'ngoe e na le thunya e le' ngoe, Bud e le 'ngoe e robetseng le metso e mengata. Leseke e etsoa sebakeng se lokiselitsoeng.

Tlhokomelo

Tlhokomelo ea Delphiniums le temo ha e kenyelle lits'ebetso tse rarahaneng, ntho ea mantlha ke ho etsa ntho e ngoe le e ngoe khafetsa.

Mokhoa oa ho nosetsa

Nakong ea ho hola, fern e le 'ngoe e ja lilithara tse 65 tsa metsi. Haeba lehlabula ha le na pula ea pula, hang hang ka beke shrub e ngoe le e ngoe e nosetsoa ka linkho tse peli tsa metsi. Khafetsa, empa eseng tlase haholo, moetlo o nosetsoa ha inflorescences e theha. Ho haella ha mongobo ho lebisa ntlheng ea hore li-buds tse ling ha li hōle ka botlalo, mme inflorescence foromo e na le voids.

Ha ho qala hoetla, ho na pula e sa lekaneng, ho nosetsa ho eketsehileng le hona hoa etsoa e le hore liphoofolo tse hlaha li ka itokisetsa mariha a tlang. Kamora ho nosetsa le ho omisa mobu, ho hlokahala hore ho lokolloe.

Ho apara ka holimo

Lipalesa li feptjoa makhetlo a mabeli ka nako ea selemo:

• qalong ea selemo, urea, potasiamo sulfate (likhaba tse 2 tsa motsoako o mong le o mong) le thispone e le 1 ea superphosphate e eketsoa ka 1 m²;
• pele thunyana e qala, phosphorus le ho apara holimo ka potasiamo ke thispone e le ngoe ho 1 m².

Nakong ea lipalesa

Ho fumana li-inflorescence tse kholo le tse matla, ho hlokahala hore o fokolise delphinium. Hoa hlokahala ho tlosa letlobo le fokolang, e le hore qetellong ho be le li-stems tse 3-5. Sena se sebetsa ho mefuta e melelele le e tlisoang ka tlase.

Li-stems tse bobebe le li-inflorescence tse boima li roba habonolo, kahoo o hloka ho hlokomela garter. Sehlahla se khothaletsoa hore se be le bophahamo bo fapaneng.

Nakong ea phomolo

Kamora hore lipalesa li phethe, letlobo le qala ho shoa, 'me ponahalo ea tsona e siea e le kannete. Haeba e sa rereloa ho bokella lintho tsa peo, joale makala a lokela ho khaoloa le ho etsoa libaka tse entsoe ka lisiketso. Kamora nako e itseng, mefuta e meng ea delphinium e ka mela le ho thunya lekhetlo la bobeli.

Sephetho sa litholoana

Ka hoetla, ho faoloa ha letlobo ha ho hlokahale. Haeba metsi a kena ka hara sekoti, taba eo e ka fela ka ho bola ha metso.

Litokisetso tsa mariha

Kamora hore lipalesa li phetheloe, makhasi a ome, ho bohlokoa ho pola makala ka bolelele ba 30 cm ho tloha fatshe. Li-cavity tsohle li sefa, hobane o hloka ho sebelisa li-var tsa letsopa kapa tsa jareteng.

Haeba mefuta e sa loantšoe ke serame, matloana a khethehileng ha a na lisebelisoa. Tšireletso e hlokahala feela bakeng sa limela tse nyane. Bokaholimo ba lihlahla bo koahetsoe ka sehlahla kapa lapnik, li-grooves li etsoa haufi le limela hore metsi a mangata a se ke a senya tsamaiso ea metso.

Ho sa tsotelehe hore tlhokomelo le ho lema delphinium li hloka boiteko bo itseng, ba bohlokoa. Spurs e tla fetoha mokhabiso oa 'nete oa serapa, o sa lihlong ho bonts'a baeti.