Cherry plum maemong a tlhaho ke tšobotsi ea libaka tse ka boroa: Crimea, North Caucasus, Asia Bohareng. Tloaelo ena ea jareteng e se e tsebahala ka litholoana tsa lero la mmala o khanyang le tatso e monate. Ka lebaka la ts'ebetso e matla ea balemi, kajeno, mefuta e mengata ea plum e holang e ntse e hola le maemong a libaka tsa North-West le Central tsa Russia, ho kenyeletsoa le tikolohong ea Moscow.
Mefuta e metle ka ho fetisisa ea cherry plum sebakeng sa Moscow
Cherry plum ka har'a lijo tsa batho e ananeloa haholo bakeng sa litholoana tse phetseng hantle, tse monate, tse nang le thepa ea kalafo. Mme ha e ntse e le ka boroa, plum ea ciliegia e hola ntle le mathata, joale litoropong tse nang le maemo a leholimo a leholimo a mang, ho thata haholo ho lema mefuta e tloaelehileng ea sejalo sena. Nakong ea selemo, lipalesa tsa plum ha li na peo e phofo hantle ka lebaka la serame, lipula, le serame se matla mariha li ka senya lipalesa tsa lipalesa le letlobo le lenyenyane. Bakeng sa ho lema sejalo sena se ratang mocheso kahare ho tsela, ho ile ha hlokahala hore ho thehoe mefuta e sa tsoaneng ka ho tiea ha mariha le ho tala ha litholoana kapele, le ho hanyetsa mafu a mantlha a litholoana tsa majoe. Ka lebaka la mosebetsi oa khetho, mefuta e mengata ea plum ea ciliegia e ile ea fumaneha bakeng sa ho lema tikolohong ea Central, e kenyeletsang Setereke sa Moscow.
Video: Tlhahlobo ea mefuta-futa ea cherry plum bakeng sa mola o bohareng
Ho tlosa litšobotsi tse mpe tsa mefuta le ho ntlafatsa thepa ea bona e ntle, balemi ba sebelisa lifapano tse ngata lipakeng tsa mefuta e fapaneng ea plums. Mathoasong a lekholo la ho qetela la lilemo, setsebi sa saense sa Russia, setsebi G.V. Ha a ntse a khetha, Yeryomin o ile a hlahisa mofuta o mocha oa cherry plum, a tšela Usumuri ea China le e mariha e thata bakeng sa mafu a fungal ka poone e nyalisitsoeng ea plum e ka boroa ea cherry. Moetlo o mocha o tšepisang o ne o bitsoa "Russian plum" kapa cherry plum hybrid. Sebakeng sa Moscow, mefuta ea temo ena ea ciliegia e bontšitse hardiness ea mariha haholo, boleng bo botle ba litholoana tse kholo, tse monate haholo le chai e phahameng ho feta plums e tloaelehileng.
Mefuta e ikhethileng
Mefuteng e mengata haholo ea plum ea ciliegia e holiloeng metseng e meholo, e itlhokofatsang. Hona ho bolela hore molemong oa boleng ba bona ba peo le litholoana, ho ba teng ha mefuta e meng ea cherry plum kapa plum hoa hlokahala. Leha ho le joalo, mefuteng e meng, lipalesa li na le bokhoni ba ho ikatisa, moetlo ona o bitsoa o nonneng. Mabitso le litšobotsi tsa mefuta e ikhethileng e fanoa ka har'a tafole. Ntle le mefuta ena, Tula le mofuta oa cum ea mofuta o fapaneng oa mothapo o fapaneng oa mofuta oa tlhaho li fapana ka mokhoa oa ho ikatisa (khetho ea VSTISP). Ho lokela ho hlokomeloe hore cherry plum Morning e na le tekanyo e phahameng ea boits'oaro mme ha e hloke peo e eketsehileng. Mefuta e mengata ea Kuban comet e na le boikhethelo 'me e hloka lifate tse tsamaisang peo ea limela. Vladimir comet le Mpho ea Blue ke tsa mefuta e nonneng, empa boits'oaro ba bona bo ntse bo hanyetsana. Haeba nakong ea lipalesa ho na le leholimo le futhumetseng, le omileng, lipalesa tsa plum li ka fetisoa ka peo ea tsona. Ho tloha ha peo ea likokoanyana tse tsamaisang peo e phofo: linotši, li-bumblebees, wasps le tsona li kenya letsoho ho sena. Empa bakeng sa peo e netefalitsoeng le manyolo maemong a leholimo afe kapa afe, ho khothalletsoa ho lema mefuta e mengata ea plum ea cherry haufi (hangata mefuta e 'meli kapa e meraro e loketseng nako ea lipalesa e lekane).
Lethathamo: litšobotsi le likarolo tsa mantlha tsa mefuta e mengata e nonneng ea Cherum plum
| Lebitso la sehlopha | Kuban comet | Hoseng | Mpho e putsoa | Vladimir comet |
| Mefuta e fapaneng e hlahisoang: | Teko ea botlokotsebe setsi sa tsoaliso Setsi Tsohle sa Patlisiso sa Russia semela se li holisa. N.I. Va-Vilova | Tsohle-Serussia setheo sa thekiso le theknoloji ho lema le baoki | Tsohle-Serussia setheo sa thekiso le theknoloji ho lema le baoki | Suzdal (Vladimirsky) Mmuso Teko ea mefuta-futa Leano |
| Banyalani | China plum Rapid x pl Pioneer | Bokhubelu ba pele-pele x french grade Greengage Ullensa | Ochakovskaya batsho memori ea nako ea Timiryazev | Ka ngoliso ea 'muso ha e ngolisoe. Peo ea peo ea mahala Ussuri lebasetere la plum mefuta e sa tsoaneng Red Ball |
| Khula e ntseng e hola | Leboea-bophirima, Bohareng, Caucasian Leboea E tlase Volga | Bohareng | Bohareng | Bohareng |
| Nako ea ho butsoa ha litholoana | Pele qetellong ea Phupu - qalong ea August | Bohareng, lilemo tse leshome tsa pele tsa Phato | Bohareng ba bobeli Lilemo tse leshome tsa August | Mathoasong, bohareng ba bo-Pulungoana |
| Tšobotsi ea sefate | Foka ka moqhaka o sa tloaelehang | Bohareng le moqhaka o motenya | Sekhahla se bohareng, moqhaka segokanyipalo se bohareng | E boholo bo bohareng ka moqhaka o sa tloaelehang |
| Colouring ea litholoana | Pink pinki, burgundy | Botala bo botala bo putsoa ka 'mala o pinki ka koae ka boka | Vigt e lefifi ka koae e matla ea boka | Pinki, lefifi, ka koae ka boka |
| Litholoana tse boima | 29-35 g | 25-32 g | 14-17 g | 20-40 g |
| Tlhahiso e le 'ngoe ea sefate | E phahameng (25-25 kg), khafetsa | Bohareng (20-22 kg), hoo e batlang e le kamehla | Medium (13-14 kg), khafetsa | E phahameng (35-40 kg), khafetsa |
| Tatso ea litholoana | E monate ebile e bolila, monko o hlakileng | E monate ebile e bolila | E monate ebile e bolila, e tloaelehileng e nang le monko o mahareng | E monate ebile e bolila ka ntle le monko o boletsoeng |
| Ho arohana ha lesapo ho tloha pulp | E arohana hampe | Ho bonolo ho e hlakola | E ea qhekelloa | E ea qhekelloa |
| Hardiness ea mariha | Karolelano | Karolelano | E mahareng, ka lipalesa tsa lipalesa - e eketsehile | E phahameng haholo |
| Ho hanyetsa mafu | U hanne ho sebetsa mafu a maholo a fungal. E mahareng e hananang le botlaela, litholoana bola | U hane ho tse kholo mafu a fungal le likokoanyana | Karolelano ea ho hanyetsa clastosporiosis, litholoana bola | U hanne ho sebetsa mafu a maholo a fungal |
| Boitlhotlhollo | Ka mokhoa o ikhethileng | Tekanyo e phahameng ea boits'oaro | Ithute | Ithute |
| Mefuta e metle ka ho fetisisa ea pollinating | Mara, mohahlauli, Limpho ho St. Petersburg, Pchelnikovskaya | - | Kuban comet, Mpho Saint Petersburg | Limpho ho St. Petersburg, Pchelnikovskaya, Mohahlauli |
| Ho tšela litholoana | Nako e telele ha e robehe ha ripening | Ha e robehe | Ha e robehe | Ha e feta, ea oa |
Plum e nyalisitsoeng ea hybrid e ka tsamaisoa ka mefuta eohle ea plums, ntle le plums ea lapeng le ea meutloa.
Video: mefuta e mengata ea cherry plum Kuban comet
Mofuta oa Kuban, ho fapana le mefuta e mengata ea plum, o khona ho ikamahanya le maemo a leholimo a leholimo 'me o ikhethile ka ho sa feleng. E boetse e tšoauoa ka ho hanyetsa botle ba moniliosis, kleasterosporiosis, bacteriosis ea lehong. Lejoe, le arohaneng hampe ho pulp, ke lona feela tharollo ea mefuta ena.
Mefuta e mengata ea Vladimir e tsebahala ka boholo ba litholoana tse kholo le li-hardiness tsa mariha haholo
Alychu Vladimir comet khahlanong le semelo se akaretsang sa mefuta e hatisa boikoetliso, tekanyo e phahameng haholo ea mariha a mariha le ho hanyetsa tšoaetso e kholo ea fungal. Monyetla ke ho mela ha litholoana ka mor'a ho butsoa ka botlalo.
Mefuta e fapa-fapaneng ea plum ea ciliegia
Ho ntlafatsa mats'oao a tatso le ho hanana ha lifate ho mafu a fungal nakong ea mosebetsi oa khetho, mefuta e ts'episang ka ho fetisisa ea plum le meutloa, hammoho le poone e nyalisitsoeng le plum ha e khethoe. Kahoo, ka lebaka la ts'ebeliso ea plum ea Gaiowata ea cherry, ho ile ha fumanoa mofuta o mong oa mefuta-futa oa poone e nyalisitsoeng ea Kolonovidnaya.
Mefuta e mecha e ne e emisoa ke ba hlahisang mofuta oa Crimea OSS VNIIR. N.I. Va-Vilova ka ho tšela peō ea ciliegia e hlaha le li-seed plum tse tsoang naheng. Sefate se bolelele ba limithara tse peli ho isa ho tse tharo se na le sebopeho, 'me se na le bophara ba limilimithara tse 1-1,2.
Ntho e khahlisang ea mefuta ena ke palo e kholo ea lipalesa tsa lipalesa (li-ringworms), tse sa behoang feela makaleng, empa le terakeng - lits'ebetsong tse khutšoane tse bitsoang marumo.
Ka nako e ts'oanang, kutu ea sefate e na le litholoana, ka lebaka leo karolo ea makala a mahlakoreng e seng ea bohlokoa. Setempe se na le lehong le thata, ebile ha le khumame tlasa boima ba sejalo. Litholoana tsa plum ea ciliegia li kholo, li boima ba 50-70 g, li abeloa ka mokhoa o lekanang bolelele bohle ba kutu, ho tloha ho 0.5 m ho tloha fats'e. Colouring ea litholoana - ho tloha ho violet ho ea ho burgundy e lefifi, ka ho ama ha selemo (litholoana bokahare). Tatso ea cherry plum ke sopho, e tsoekere, e bolila hanyane. Mefuta ea tsona e se e le morao bohareng, sejalo sea butsoa mathoasong a August.
Video: Cherry plum
Boholo bo kopaneng ba moqhaka bo etsa hore ho khonehe ho lema lifate tse ngata setšeng, 'me ho hlophisoa ha makala ho u lumella ho sebetsana hantle le sefate hantle nakong ea tlhokomelo, ho etsa hore ho khethoe litholoana ho be bonolo.
Karolo e fapaneng ea kholomo ea celum ke mefuta e fapaneng ea Kolonoobraznaya-2. Tsena ke lifate tse telele (ho fihlela ho tse tšeletseng) hore li butsoitse morao haholo, ka litholoana tsa mmala o mofubelu o lefifi tse nang le thunya e tšoeu. Litholoana tsa mefuta ena li nyane ho feta tsa Kolonoobraznaya, e 'ngoe le e' ngoe e boima ba 35 g, tatso ea litholoana e tloaelehile - e tsoekere ebile e bolila. Ho fapana le sebopeho sa Kholomo, lesapo le arohana habonolo le makhapetla a fetus.
Mefuta ka bobeli ea plum ea cherry e tsebahala e le bafani ba pollinator ba ntle ka ho fetisisa bakeng sa mefuta e mengata e nyalisitsoeng ea plums tsa China le Ussuri.
Cherry plum e tšoauoa ka litšobotsi tse bopehileng joaloka Column tse li khethollang ha li bapisoa le mefuta e meng ea plum:
- Boreleli bo phahameng ba mariha ba lipalesa ka lebaka la ho eketsoa ha nako ea ho hola.
- Lifate li mamella serame sa mariha hantle ebile ha li bate mochesong oa mocheso ho fihlela-28ºC. Haeba, leha ho le joalo, sefate se sentsoe ke serame se matla, joale se khutlisoa ka potlako 'me se tsoela pele ho hola le ho hola ka tloaelo.
- Mefuta e fapa-fapaneng e hanyetsoa ke mafu a fungal le bongata ba vaerase a litholoana tsa majoe.
- Ho phetheha ho phahameng haholo le ho tsamaisoa habonolo ha litholoana ho etsa hore ho khonehe ho li sebelisa ka mekhoa e fapaneng: e ncha, e kenang masapong le mefuta e fapaneng ea ho e lokisa.
- Tlhokomelo e sa tsejoeng le ho hanyetsoa ke komello li etsa hore mefuta ena ea mefuta e be ea bohlokoa haholo ha e holisoa mefuteng e fapaneng ea mobu le maemong afe kapa afe.
Litholoana tsa Columnar li hola ka ho toba holima kutu, li na le 'mala o makatsang le tatso e ntle. Ho koahela boka ba lamunu ka litholoana ho li lumella ho tsamaisoa ntle le tahlehelo ea nehelano
Mefuta ena ka bobeli ea plum ea cherry ha e itšilafatse. Bakeng sa popelo ea bona, mefuta e metle ke lipalesa tsa morao tsa Mara, Pchelnikovskaya, Mpho ho St. Petersburg.
Mefuta ea mariha e sa tieang le serame e thibang serame
Hardiness ea mariha ea mefuta e fapaneng ke e 'ngoe ea lintlha tse khethollang ha ho ntse ho hola cherry plum sebakeng sa Moscow. Hape u lokela ho e ela hloko, hobane mariha a mariha a selemo a ka baka malili a lipalesa tsa lipalesa le mae a bomme. Matšoao a matle a ho hanyetsa serame ke mefuta: Vladimirskaya Comet, Mpho ho St. Petersburg, Ariadna, Anastasia, Nesmeyana, Cleopatra. Mefuta e meng e thata ea mariha ea cherry plum e fumanoa haholo ka ho tšela poone e nyalisitsoeng e nang le mefuta e amanang le eona - China plum, eo lehong la eona le khona ho mamella mocheso ho fihlela ho50ºC.
Lethathamo: likarolo tsa mantlha le litšobotsi tsa serame le mefuta ea mariha e thata ea cherry plum
| Lebitso mefuta | Mpho St. Petersburg | Nesmeyana | Ariadne | Cleopatra |
| Mefuta e fapaneng e hlahisoang: | Liteko tsa Pavlovskaya Seteishini sa VNIIR bona. N.I. Vavilova, St. Petersburg | Moscow thuto ea temo bona. K.A. Sebaka sa nako | Moscow thuto ea temo bona. K.A. Sebaka sa nako | Moscow thuto ea temo bona. K.A. Sebaka sa nako |
| Banyalani | China plum Rapid x pl Pioneer | Lijalo ha li na peo poone e nyalisitsoeng Cherum Kuban comet | China plum Rapum x plum Mohahlauli | Lijalo ha li na peo poone e nyalisitsoeng Cherum Kuban comet |
| Khula e ntseng e hola | Leboea-bophirima, Bohareng | Bohareng | Bohareng | Bohareng |
| Nako ea ho butsoa ha litholoana | Bohareng pele bohareng ba khoeli ea Phato | Pele mathoasong a bohareng ba Phato | Pele mathoasong a bohareng ba Phato | Qetellong, qetellong ea Phato |
| Tšobotsi ea sefate | Karolo e bohareng e nang le moqhaka o teteaneng | E telele, moqhaka oa methapo e mahareng | Karolo e bohareng moqhaka oa methapo e mahareng | Karolo e bohareng ka moqhaka o sa tloaelehang |
| Colouring ea litholoana | 'Mala o mosehla oa lamunu | Ruby e khubelu ho ama ka bobebe | Bofubelu bo bofubelu ka koae ka boka | Pherese e lefifi ka matla lekhoakhoa |
| Litholoana tse boima | 12-20 g | 30-35 g | 30-32 g | 35-40 g |
| Inehela ka sefate se le seng | E phahameng (27-60 kg), khafetsa | Medi (25-30 kg), khafetsa | Kaholimo ho karolelano (kilo 30-30), khafetsa | Medi (25-30 kg), khafetsa |
| Tatso ea litholoana | E lumellanang e monate ebile e bolila e nang le monko o monate | E monate ebile e bolila ka lero | E monate ebile e bolila, e lumellana | Sessert e tsoekere le e bolila le monko oa litholoana |
| Ho arohana masapo a pulp | E arohana hampe | Ho bonolo ho e hlakola | E arohana hampe | E arohana hampe |
| Hardiness ea mariha | E phahameng | E phahameng | E phahameng | E phahameng |
| Ho hanyetsa mafu | E mahareng e hananang le moniliosis, hanyetsana haholo le lekhasi la kleasterosporia. Ha e khahlanong le hoaba le mariha a mariha | E mahareng e hananang le ka sehloohong mafu a fungal | E mahareng e hananang le klyasterosporiozu moniliosis, mafu a vaerase | E mahareng e hananang le ka sehloohong mafu a fungal |
| Boitlhotlhollo | Boithati | Boithati | Boithati | Boithati |
| Mefuta e metle ka ho fetisisa ea pollinating | Pavlovskaya Yellow, Nesmeyana, Pchelnikovskaya | Mefuta e fapa-fapaneng ea plum ea ciliegia le plum ea chinese | Mefuta e fapa-fapaneng ea plum ea ciliegia le plum ea chinese | Mara, Mpho St. Petersburg, Pchelnikovskaya |
| Ho hlapa | Ha e butsoitse ka botlalo, ea akheha | Ha e robehe | Ha e robehe | Ha e robehe |
Sebaka sa pokello ea litšoantšo: mefuta e sa tsoaneng ea chung ea plum e nang le hardiness ea mariha
- Mathoasong a Phato, makala a Ariadne a khumama tlasa boima ba bopherese bo neng bo tletse
- Litholoana tse kholo tse nang le tatso e ntle li jeoa li sa tsoa khuoa, empa hape li ntle ka sebopeho sa jeme kapa sopho
- E 'ngoe ea mefuta e molemohali le e batloang haholo ka lebaka la ho bata ha eona mariha, tlhahiso e phahameng le boleng bo holimo ba litholoana tse kholo, tse nang le lero
- Lifate tsa mefuta ena li na le bokhoni bo ikhethileng ba ho khutlisetsa semela sa hau kapele ka mor'a tšenyo ea mochini.
Limaraka tsa pele
E le oa pele-pele, motho a ka khetholla mefuta e fapaneng ea li-cherry plum Zlato Scysians le Timiryazevskaya. Mefuta ena, ntle le liphapang tse ngata, e na le lintho tse ngata tse tšoanang.
- mefuta ena ka bobeli e hokotsoe Sekolong sa Temo sa Temo sa Moscow. K.A. Timiryazev;
- poone e nyalisitsoeng e hlahisoa ke peo ea mahala ea peo ea Kuban mme e khothalletsoa hore e ka lengoa libakeng tse katlase.
- bophahamo ba lifate tsa batho ba baholo ha li feta limithara tse tharo;
- ka bobeli mefuta e sa tsoaneng ea chung ea plum ke ea ho butsoa kapele 'me e na le litholoana tse kholo tse boima ba 25 ho isa ho 40 g;
- ho beha litholoana kamehla; chai e ngata ke 25-30 kg ea litholoana ka sefate.
- Lifate ha li na mokhoa oa ho itšilafatsa 'me li hloka bafani ba pollin; li-pollinator tse ntle ka ho fetisisa tsa mefuta ena li nkuoa e le poone e nyalisitsoeng Pavlovskaya mosehla, Travellingler, Mpho ho St. Petersburg;
- ka bobeli mefuta e na le tekanyo e phahameng ea mariha a hardiness le uncretentiness ho maemo a hola.
Lifate tsa Cherry plum Zlato Scysians li shebahala li le khabisitsoeng haholo nakong ea ho mela
Mohlahisi oa mofuta oa poone e nyalisitsoeng Zlato Scysians o bula nako ea cherry plum ka jareteng. Ho elella bofelong ba Phuptjane le maqalong a Pulungoana, lifate ke pono e ntle haholo: makala a koahetsoe ke makala a litholoana tse kholo tsa lero, ka monko o ikhethang le tatso e monate. Cherry plum Khauta ea Baskitha e hlahella ka mebala - litholoana tsa amber-yellow li phatsima ka lichelete tsa bohlokoa tse khahlano le semelo sa botala bo botala.
Litholoana tse kholo tsa 'mala o sa tloaelehang ke "karete ea ho etela" ea mefuta e fapaneng ea Timiryazevskaya
Lifate tsa Timiryazevskaya li hohela tlhokomelo ka lebaka la litholoana tse nang le boreleli, joalo ka ha eka li pentiloe, sefahleho sa burgundy le mahlakore a pinki a bobebe.Monko o monate le o bolila, o khathollang oa plum ena ea ciliegia o etsa hore o tume haholo mathoasong a lehlabula, ha litholoana li ntse li khangoa ke bongata ba lifate tsa litholoana.
Phapang e kholo pakeng tsa mefuta ea pele ke e latelang:
- Ho Timiryazevskaya, lesapo le arotsoe hampe ho pulp, ho Zlata ea Baskitha e arohana habonolo.
- Timiryazevskaya e na le khanyetso e ntle ho mafu a mantlha a fungal, Khauta ea maSkithe - e mahareng.
Video: hanyane ka thepa ea bohlokoa ea cherry plum
Litlhahlobo
Selemong se fetileng, Huck le Kuban comet li ile tsa lengoa li le selemo se le seng, selemong sena li thunya ka matla mme tsa qala. Empa Huck o ile a lahleheloa ke mahe a hae kaofela, mme komporo ea Kuban e siile monokotsoai o mong le o mong. Qetellong e butsoitse, e monate haholo, e tsoekere ebile e lero, ho fetisisa ho hopotsoang ka perekisi e butsoitseng. Ke ne ke sa nahane hore monokotšoai o monate joalo o ka hola Lebatooeng la Moscow.
Para11, Moscow
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Lilemo tse tharo kapa tse 'ne tse fetileng, ke ile ka reka plums tse peli tsa cherry ka TSHA lefapheng la li-cuttings tse tala. Makala a mabeli a manyane. Makala a ile a qala ho hola ka mafolofolo. Hlabula e fetileng, monokotsoai oa pele o ile oa hlaha ho bona. Mefuta e Meholo - Nesmeyana le Kuban comet. Tatso ea monokotsoai ea hlolla! Apricot e tatsoang plum! Ke tšoenyehile haholo mariha ana.
Lydia, Moscow
//dacha.wcb.ru/index.php?showtopic=6119
Ho latela balemi ba lirapa ba nang le boiphihlelo, hoa khoneha ebile hoa hlokahala ho lema poone e nyalisitsoeng e tsoetseng pele - plum ea Russia e mabopong. Ho lema peo e nyane e nyane le kamora dilemo tse 2-3 ho bona litholoana tsa mesebetsi ea bona - e thunya selemo ka selemo le sefate sa cum se tlotsitsoeng ka litholoana tse butsoitseng hlabula. Ak'u leke ka matla!
