Liphoofolo

Ke bokae bo boima ba khomo le boima bo itšetlehile ka eng

Ha u batla ho fumana liphoofolo tse phelang hantle, moreki o batla ho fumana boitsebiso bo bongata ka liphoofolo kamoo ho ka khonehang. E 'ngoe ea lits'ebetso tsa bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa tse tiisang boleng ba sehlahisoa ke boima ba likhomo tse nang le linaka, kaha li amana le boemo ba bophelo bo botle ba likhomo, poho kapa namane,' me nakong e tlang li tla ama tlhahiso ea bona le chai ea lihlahisoa.

Boima ba boima

Boima ba likhomo (likhomo) bo na le boitsebiso bo bongata bakeng sa baemeli ba ho hlokomela liphoofolo. Kahoo, ho tseba boima ba 'mele ba phoofolo, ho ka boleloa ka boemo ba eona ba' mele, hammoho le kholo ea eona le nts'etsopele. Lintlha tsa hore na mahalanka kapa poho e boima ke bokae bakeng sa ho bala le ho itokisetsa lijo, thibelo ea ente.

Na ua tseba? Matapo a khomo ke boima ba 30%.

Boima bo tloaelehileng ba likhomo bo ameha ke eona.:

  • lilemo;
  • tsoalo;
  • fatše

Ha ho sebelisoa liphoofolo, ho tloaelehile ho khetholla likarolo tse latelang tsa boima ba likhomo:

  • khetha - boima bo boholo ba 450-500 lik'hilograma;
  • sehlopha sa pele - boima ba lik'hilograma tse 450;
  • sehlopheng sa bobeli - boima ba likhomo bo ka hare ho lik'hilograma tse 400;
  • sehlopha sa boraro - lik'hilograma tse 300.

Haeba palo e tloaelehileng ea boima ba liphoofolo e fapane haholo le phoso e amohelehang ea lik'hilograma tse 30 ho motho e moholo, sena se ka 'na sa bontša lijo tse fosahetseng le ho ja, le boteng ba mafu.

Bull

Boima ba poho e lokela ho ba khomo e le 'ngoe le halofo ea khomo e ka bang 700-800 lik'hilograma, ha e ntse e le poho e kholo ea tlhaho e kholo ea nama, letšoao lena le ka finyella lithane tse ka bang 1200 lik'hilograma. Likhomo

Ka karolelano heifer e ka boima ba lik'hilograma tse 350, empa e seng tlase, haeba e sa sebetse majoe a maholo.

Likhomo tsa nama li ka boima ba lik'hilograma tse 700, haeba li ka feta lilemo tse peli 'me li bolokiloe maemong a matle.

Hlahloba mefuta ena ea likhomo: Simmental, Dutch, Holstein, Ayrshire, Jersey, Aberdeen-Angus, Black-and White, Lehlohonolo le Lefubelu, Kalmyk, Kakhakh, Highland, Yaroslavl, Brown Latvia, Shorthorn le Holmogory.

Namane

Ha a tsoaloa, boima ba namane e lokela ho ba tlase ho 10% ea boima ba 'mele oa' mè, e leng karolelano ea lik'hilograma tse 40. E ka fapana 'me ea itšetleha ka boima ba' mele le batsoali ba lesea.

Li-calves li ntse li hōla ka potlako; li tšoana le masea a sa tsoa tsoaloa, li lokela ho lekanngoa khafetsa e le hore li utloisise hore na li fumana bokae, ho sa tsotellehe hore na ho na le lintho tse kae ka bophelo bo botle le hore na ho na le tlhokahalo ea ho hlahisa liphetoho nakong ea ho ja pohoana kapa khomo. Ha a le lilemo tse 1, boima ba namane bo lokela ho eketseha ka bonyane lik'hilograma tse 10, ka karolelano, ba fumana lik'hilograma tse 30, ke hore, ba atisa ho ba le litekanyetso tsa bona tsa tsoalo. Ha a le likhoeli tse tšeletseng, o isoa lijo tsa batho ba baholo, le hangata hangata, empa hang hang ka khoeli, ba lekanya boima ba 'mele.

Boima ba likhomo bo fapana joang ho latela mefuta eo

Litsebi tse kenyelletsoeng ho ikatisa likhomo le khetho ea eona, li fane ka likhomo tse sekete tsa likhomo ho pota lefatše. Leha ho le joalo, kaofela ha tsona li arotsoe ka mefuta e meraro e meholo, ho latela morero oa tsona moruong:

  • lebese;
  • nama;
  • nama le lebese.

Mafura

Ntho e ikhethang ea lihlahisoa tsa likhomo tsa lebese e ka bitsoa:

  • lebese le phahameng;
  • nama e fokolang hantle.

Har'a likhomo tse ruuoang tsa mefuta ena mefuta e ratoang ka ho fetisisa sebakeng sa rona ke:

  • Sebaka se khubelu. Boima ba eona, khomo e ka fihla ho 400-500 lik'hilograma, 'me ha e le gobies, kaofela li na le lik'hilograma tse 900;
  • Mnyama le o mosoeu. Ka karolelano, e hula halofo ea tonane, le lipoho - 800 lik'hilograma;
  • Kholmogorskaya. Boholo ba khomo ea khomo bo tla ba lik'hilograma tse 500, empa baemeli ba mofuta ona ba ka fanyela lik'hilograma tse 800;
  • Golshtinsky. E khetholloa ke boholo bo tsotehang ba liphoofolo tse ruuoang, kaha khomo ea mofuta ona e na le boima ba lik'hilograma tse 650, ha poho e ka fumana boima ba lik'hilograma tse 1200.

Liphoofolo tse ruuoang likhomo li amahanngoa le kotsi ea ho hlaolela maloetse a kang ketosis, cysticercosis, leukemia, mastitis, udder edema, pasteurellosis, lefu la maoto le molomo, kapa mafu a nang le khōla.

Nama

Ho tseba likhomo tsa mefuta ena, u ka bitsa likarolo tse kang tse kang:

  • phaello e potlakileng ea boima;
  • boleng bo phahameng ba nama ka lebaka la ntshetsopele e khethehileng ea mesifa;
  • tatso e ntlafalitsoeng.
Har'a mefuta e ratoang ka ho fetisisa ea likhomo tsa nama, o ka hlakisa:

  • Monaford. Nko e kholo e ka ba boima ba 500-600 lik'hilograma, 'me poho - 800-1100 g. Mafura a kotula - 53-65%, hangata ka 70%;
  • Mefuta ea Aberdeen-Angus. Likhomo li boetse li fumana boima ba 500-600 lik'hilograma, 'me lipoho li batla li le nyane - tse ka bang 800 lik'hilograma. Palo ea lihlahisoa - 60%;
  • Sharolez e tsoala. Poho e kholo e fumana lik'hilograma tse 1 200, le likhomo tse 800, ho sa tsotellehe hore li na le nama e ngata empa e se mafura haholo, hammoho le lihlahisoa tse ngata tsa lihlahisoa tsa nama;
  • Nama ea Ukraine. Ka tsela e ikhethang ka ho ja, hobane ba ja limela leha e le life, ha ba ntse ba fihla likhoeling tse 16 tsa lik'hilograma tse 550. Ho phaella moo, letlalo la likhomo tsa mofuta ona le sebelisoa ho etsa lieta;
  • Znamenovskaya. E na le mefuta e mengata e fokolang, kaha khomo ea mofuta ona e tla be e le boima ba lik'hilograma tse 550, le poho - lik'hilograma tse 700. Letlalo le boetse le sebelisetsoa ho etsa lieta, mekotla.

Lijo le Mafura

Baemeli ba mefuta ena ba na le 'mele o matla' me ba sebelisoa hohle bakeng sa tlhahiso ea lebese le lihlahisoa tsa nama.

Li hlahisa nama e ngata ho feta lebese, le lebese ho feta nama. Boima ba boima - boemong ba lik'hilograma tse 550-900, ho itšetlehile ka fatše.

Na ua tseba? Ka kakaretso likhomo li phela lilemo tse mashome a mabeli, le hoja ho na le li-long liver. Liphoofolo li phela lilemo tse ka tlaase ho tse leshome le metso e mehlano.

Lijo tsa KRG le mefuta ea lebese, tse tloaelehileng har'a lihlahisoa tsa liphoofolo, li joalo:

  • Brown Carpathian;
  • Lebedinskaya;
  • Alatau;
  • Krasnaya Gorbatovskaya;
  • Yurinskaya;
  • Schwycki;
  • Tambov e khubelu;
  • Yorkshire;
  • Lebala le letšoa la Caucasus;
  • Simmental
Simmental

Se etsang qeto ea boima ba likhomo

Boima ba liphoofolo bo itšetlehile ka ho toba ka maemo a tlhokomelo ea eona, hammoho le lijo tse fanoang ke mohlahisi oa liphoofolo. Ho boetse ho na le litlhahiso tsa ho ikatisa le ho hlokomela, ho itšetlehile ka mefuta le mefuta ea likhomo.

Ka mohlala, likhomo tsa mefuta ea liphoofolo ha li hlokehe ebile esita le ho isa ho itseng, lihlahisoa tse telele le tse khathatsang li hanyetsanoa, kaha li ka lahleheloa ke boima ba tsona. Ba eletsoa hore ba hōle sethaleng.

Empa likhomo tsa lebese li khothalletsoa maeto a malelele a makhulo a nang le bokhoni ba ho hema moea o mocha oa litlama.

Ke habohlokoa! Tikoloho, lijo le lijo, boemo ba leholimo le maemo a rarahaneng li ama bophelo bo botle le boima ba likhomo.

Maemo a botlamuoa

Ha ho hlophisoa molikong oa ho ikatisa likhomo, bohlokoa ba lintlha tse kang:

  • maemo a mocheso. Ha hoa lokela ho ba ho pholileng + 10 ° C, haeba e se ho boloka ho bata, bakeng sa likhomo tse kholo le +15 ° C bakeng sa manamane;
  • mongobo ka kamoreng;
  • khanya e ntle;
  • sesebelisoa sa khase;
  • ha ho lerata, khutso.

Ho bohlokoa ho hlokomela lekhulo. Tšebeliso ea eona e etsa hore mokhoa oa ho ikatisa o theko e tlaase, ha 'mele oa khomo o ka hōla ka botlalo, ho sisinyeha ha oona ha ho thibeloe, ho phefumoloha moea o hloekileng, libakeng tsa letsatsi. Tšusumetso e ntle ka ho fetisisa ea ho tsamaea holim'a lekhulo ke likhomo tsa lebese le nama ea lebese.

Ho fepa liphoofolo

Ho fepa ka mokhoa o loketseng ho lokela ho ba le boleng bo phahameng. E kenyeletsa:

  • lijo tsa meroho: tse monate (joang, silage, lijalo tsa motsoako), li-coarse (furu, joang), li tsepamisitsoe (lisebelisoa tsa theknoloji, lijo-thollo);
  • liphoofolo;
  • lik'hemik'hale le microbiological synthesis;
  • fepa le ho fepa metsoako;
  • vithamine le diminerale.
Ke habohlokoa! Chefo e tsoang ho soneblomo, folaxe le k'hothone kaka eketsa lenane la lihlahisoa tsa lebese, le poppy, hemp le rapeseed ka tsela e fapaneng.

Likhomo tsa likhomo: boima bo boholo le bo boima

Ke phoofolo e fehiloeng ke liphoofolo ea hana ho ithorisa ka katleho ea mesebetsi ea bona? Ho na le mefuta e meholo le e kholo haholo ea likhomo, leha ho le joalo, har'a baemeli ba liphoofolo tse phelang ho na le li-giantsane.

Liphoofolo:

  1. Moemeli ea kholo ka ho fetisisa oa KRG o nkoa e le Donnetto.ea neng a lula Switzerland lekholong la bo20 la lilemo. Boima ba hae - lik'hilograma tse 1740, 'me bophahamo ba eona bo pona - 190 cm.
  2. Ho tla fihlela joale, ha ho letho le leng le leng la titanium le phelang Engelane. O tsoala Charolais mme lebitso la hae ke Field Marshal. Boima ba eona ke lik'hilograma tse 1700, 'me e ne e le bolelele ba 190 cm.
  3. Ntho e 'ngoe e khōlōhali e neng e bitsoa Chile, e lulang Fern (Brithani). Ke ea merabe ea Freese, e tsoang ho Porcelain. Boima ba eona ke lik'hilograma tse 1300
  4. Trigger breedan breed e boetse e boima ba lik'hilograma tse 1,200 'me e na le bophahamo ba 196 cm,' me bolelele ba sona bo hlolla, ke 4.3 limithara.

Tsejoa ka mefuta e tsebahalang haholo ea mefuta ea likhomo ea mafura.

Likhomo:

  1. Setsi sa mekhoa e sa feleng ke mahalanka, ea neng a phela qalong ea lekholo la bo20 la lilemo. Boitsebiso ba hae bo kenngoa Guinness Book of Records, 'me ho ke ke ha etsahala hore ebe o tla fumana mohanyetsi, hobane boima ba hae e ne e le 2,270 kg. Lebitso la hae e ne e le Thaba ea Katadin, e ne e le lebasetere la meloko ea Holstein-Durmmanian. O ne a le bolelele ba 3,96 mono le 188 cm ha a pona.
  2. Mong'a hona joale ea sehlooho "seholo" ke Big Cow Chilli. Ho feta tekanyo ea boima ba 'mele le bolelele ba 183 cm.
Boima ba khomo bo bohlokoa haholo, hobane bo bontša boemo ba bophelo bo botle ba phoofolo. Boholo ba likhomo bo itšetlehile ka mefuta ea eona le lijo tsa eona le maemo a bophelo a ka li ama. Ho na le litsela tse ngata tsa ho lekanya boima ba 'mele, kaha karolo ena ea bohlokoa e phetha karolo ea bohlokoa ho reka likhomo tse ruuoang lapeng.