Mefuta ea likhomo tse tšoeu

Hoo e batlang e le likhomo tse mebala e khanyang li khetholloa ke boholo ba bona bo boholo le boima ba 'mele nakong ea kgolo. Tse ling tsa tsona li na le mekhoa e metle ea tlhahiso ea lebese.

Auliekol

Histori ea ho senya: Ka 1962, Kazakhstan, bahlahisi ba lihlahisoa ba ile ba etsa qeto ea ho etsa mofuta oa khomo ea likhomo, eseng tlase ho litlhoko tsa maemo a lefats'e bakeng sa nama le tlhahiso. Ho etsa sena, ba ne ba khanna letoto la lifapano tsa batho ba mefuta e latelang:

Tšoeu e tšoeu ea Kazakh,
Charolais,
angelur

Ka lebaka leo, ka 1992, mefuta ea auliekol e ile ea amoheloa, 'me ka 2016 ho ne ho se ho ntse ho e-na le liphoofolo tsa batho ba fetang 10 000.

Na ua tseba? Ho ea ka litumelo tsa Mahindu, ha pula e tšoloha leholimong, lebese la khomo e tšoeu ea leholimo e tšolotsoe.

Ponahalo: Likamoso tsa Auliekol li kopantsitse litšoaneleho tsa mefuta e meraro ea pele:

milky bohlooho ba mmala - ho tloha Charolais;
nama ea marble e phahameng le nako e khutšoanyane ea bocha (likhoeli tse 12-14) - ho tloha melokong ea Angus;
mamello le ho feto-fetoha ha maemo - ho tloha ho hlooho e tšoeu ea Kazakh.

Litšobotsi tsa ka ntle tsa lipoho le tse tšehali tsa lihlahisoa tsa auliekol:

mele le mesifa e matla;
masapo a matla;
sefubelu - se 2 m 44 cm;
hlooho e khōlō molala o khutšoanyane;
bophahamo ba ho pona: bakeng sa banna - 141 cm, bakeng sa basali - 130 cm;
letlalo le mebala e mehlano (ka mefuta e meng - 3);
o kokotse tlaase le boea bo bofubelu bo bofubelu bo khutšoanyane, lipoho li tla phalla phatleng;
boima ba 'mele ea poho - holim' a lithane tse 1, manamane - ho fihlela ho 950 lik'hilograma;
liphoofolo tse monate (70%).

Litšobotsi tse atlehang: Lihoai tsa Auliekol li na le katleho e kholo, lebese la tsona le tumme ka tatso ea eona e makatsang:

Lijo nakong ea lactation - ho fihlela ho lik'hilograma tse 25 / letsatsi.
Mafura a lebese - 3,8-4%.
Ho itlhokomela ka boima ba boima - 1095 g / letsatsi.
Nama ka mor'a polao - 305 lik'hilograma (60-63%).

Na ua tseba? Mehleng ea boholo-holo Europe, liphoofolo, ho kopanyelletsa le khomo, li ne li ka qosoa ka molao ka ho feletseng. Ba bile ba tlosoa kerekeng e le kotlo e matla ka ho fetisisa.

Aquitaine e tšoeu

Histori ea ho senya: Mefuta e joalo ea likhomo tse tšoeu - nama, e bōpiloeng ka 1962 ke bo-rasaense ba Fora motseng oa Aquitaine (ka boroa-bophirimela ho Fora) ka lebaka la khetho ka mefuta e meraro ea libaka:

Persean,
Goransky,
Pyrenean.

Ponahalo Likhomo tsa Aquitania:

boits'oaro - khutso;
'mala o mosoeu-fawn kapa o mosoeu;
'mele o telele, o omeletsoeng o nang le mesifa e hlakileng le e nang le mafura a mangata;
sefubeng se sephara, morao o na le mola o otlolohileng;
molala o matla o na le marapo a mangata a letlalo;
se tšoarellang le letlalo la lesela;
nako e telele le e kholo, pelvis;
bolelele bo pona - 140 cm;
hlooho e khanyang le phatla e pharaletseng;
boima: banna - 1 lik'hilograma 500, basali - ba fetang 800 lik'hilograma.

Litšobotsi tse atlehang: Likamine tsa Aquitaine li nkoa e le lihlahisoa tsa morao, kahoo li na le litšobotsi tse ntlehali tsa mafura le ts'ebetso:

Lijo tsa selemo - Likete tse likete tse 11.
Mafura a lebese - 5,1%.
Ho itlhokomela ka boima ba boima - 1400-1500 g / letsatsi.
Nama ka mor'a polao - 69%.

Charolais

Histori ea ho senya: Likhomo tsa Charolais li na le histori ea lilemo tse 200 - pele lekholong la bo18 la lilemo, bafutsi ba Fora ba batla ho tsoala batho ba eketsehileng 'meleng le ho feta. Bakeng sa sena ba sebelisitse mefuta e latelang:

likhomo tse tsoang sebakeng sa Fora sa Charolais,
Banna ba tloaelehileng,
likhopo tse nyane tsa lenaka.

Kajeno ke o mong oa mefuta e batlileng ka ho fetisisa, eseng Fora feela, empa le ho feta meeli ea eona.

Ke habohlokoa! Baemeli ba Charolais ba batla lijo tse ngata, ka hona balisa ba bolela hore ho na le matla a phahameng a ho li fepa.

Ponahalo Charolais cows:

'mala: ka lipoho - bohlooho bo bosoeu, litsuonyana - tse tšoeu kapa tse hloohoana, manamane - lehloa le lesoeu;
mofuta oa 'mele: o moholo, o le mongobo, o nang le lera le lenyenyane la mafura;
bolelele ba 'mele - 2.2 m;
ho khutlela morao;
sefuba se matla, 1.9 limithara ka girth;
bolelele bo pona -a 163-165 cm (banna), basali - 130-155 cm;
tse tona tse boima ba lik'hilograma tse 1 500, tse mashome a mararo - tse 1 lik'hilograma tse 100;
manaka le hooves - mobala o khanyang.

Litšobotsi tse atlehang: ka lebaka la ho itšireletsa ka matla, charolais sapholes hangata e na le maloetse a kokoana-hloko, kahoo ba na le ho phela ka nako e telele le litšobotsi tse ntle:

Lijo tsa selemo - 2700-3900 kg (hoo e ka bang e sebelisetsoa ho fepa namane).
Lebese la mafura a lebese - 4,1%.
Ho itlhokomela ka boima ba boima - 1200 g / letsatsi
Nama e hlahisang - ho feta 60%.

Cow Blue Below

Histori ea ho senya: Ho ella qetellong ea lekholo la bo19 la lilemo, bahlahisi ba Belgium ba ile ba etsa boiteko ba ho ntlafatsa boleng ba liphoofolo le liphoofolo tsa naha, ho sebelisa lihlahisoa tsa mefuta e latelang:

Shorthorn,
nama ea French.

Ka thuso ea khethollo, liphoofolo tse kholo tse nang le 'mele o tlase o lengoang li hlahile. Joale, bohareng ba lekholo la mashome a mabeli a metso e mehlano, bafolisi ba thibile liphatsa tsa lefutso tse thibelang tsoelo-pele ea mesifa, hape li matlafatsa lits'oants'o tsa nama, ka lebaka leo batho ba kajeno ba nang le mesifa e ntlafetseng haholo.

Bala ka likarolo tsa ho ikatisa tsa khomo e putsoa ea Belgium.

Ponahalo: Likhomo tse tšehali tsa Belgium li na le litšobotsi tse latelang tsa 'mele:

khutso le ho leka-lekana;
le matla, le leng le le leng la 'mele oa mesifa le mesifa e lekanngoeng le e bitsitsoeng ea rump, mahetleng, molala le maoto;
khutla ka ho toba;
letlalo le tšesaane;
seaparo se bonyane ke bluish, tse mahlo-mafubelu, lehloa-tšoeu, ka linako tse ling bo bofubelu bo bofubelu;
matla, a otlolohileng, a maoto a tlaase;
bolelele bo pona: banna - mashome a mahlano a metso e metso e metso e metso e '
liphoofolo tse nang le liphoofolo;
boima: lipoho - ho tloha ho 1 t 100 lik'hilograma ho 1 t 250 lik'hilograma, likhomo - 850-900 kg.

Na ua tseba? Bo-rasaense, ka mor'a ho hlokomela likhomo, ba fihletse qeto ea hore likhomo li na le matla a maholo a khoheli a lefats'e: ha li ntse li le lekhulo, li fumaneha haufi le taolo ea matla a eona.

Litšobotsi tse atlehang: ka lebaka la liphatsa tse khethehileng tsa batho ba Belgium, boima ba mesifa bo eketseha ho pholletsa le bophelo ba bona. Tshebetso ea bona:

Nako ea lebese ka selemo - ho fihlela ho lithane tse 4 lilithara tse 500.
Mafura a lebese - 3-4%.
Ho itlhokomela ka boima ba boima - 1400-1500 g / letsatsi.
Nama e hlahisang - 67-80%.

Mefuta ea likhomo tsa Kostroma

Histori ea ho senya: Kostroma mefuta e ile ea hlaha ka XIX la lilemo lekholong la Kostroma. Baetsi ba latelang ba sebelisitsoe ho khethoa:

Kholmogorsky
Wilstermarch,
Simmental,
Ayrshire
brown shvitsky.

Mosebetsi o khethiloeng o ile oa etsoa ho fihlela mathoasong a lilemo tsa bo-1940, e leng sephetho sa oona sa mefuta-futa ea nama.

Tsejoa ka nama e joalo (Highland, Kalmyk, Aberdeen-Angus) le mefuta ea likhomo tsa lebese (Shorthorn, Simmental).

Ponahalo: Kostroma likhomo li na le litšobotsi tse latelang:

'mala o motala o bofubelu' me o sootho, holim'a mobala o mosehla;
liphoofolo li le khōlō, li e-na le 'mele o mesifa o matla le o lumellanang;
hlooho e kopane;
letlalo le thata, le teteaneng;
sefuba se hlahisoa hantle;
e otlolohileng le e kholo ka morao;
ho omella ho tsosoa;
nako e telele, moloko oa molumo;
maoto a tlaase;
lipoho tse boima ba lik'hilograma tse 850-1200, likhomo - 500-650 lik'hilograma.

Litšobotsi tse atlehang: Kostroma e na le matla a mangata a ho itšireletsa mafung, liphoofolo li khona ho nona le ho hlahisa lebese le lekaneng. Lipontšo:

Nako ea lebese ka selemo - ho tloha ho 3900 l ho isa ho 5500-6500 l.
Mafura a lebese - 3-4,19%.
Ho itlhokomela ka boima ba boima - ho feta 1250 g / letsatsi.
Nama e hlahisang - 82%.

Ke habohlokoa! Ha u boloka likhomo tse khōlō, u lokela ho nahana ka litekanyo tsa kamoreng: sebaka se setle sa 'mè ea nang le namane ke sebaka sa 18-Mithara tse 20. m, e ntseng e lumellana le lihlahisoa tsa lijo.

Leseli la Jersey

Histori ea ho senya: Ena ke mefuta ea boholo-holo ea likhomo tsa lebese, e bitsoang lebitso la sehlekehlekeng sa Jersey ka English Channel. Ha ho na boitsebiso bo tobileng mabapi le tšimoloho. Bohareng ba XIX la lilemo. ho ile ha hlahisoa buka ea morabe e hlalosang litšobotsi tsa tlhahiso, ka mor'a moo e ile ea fetisetsoa ho baahi ba temo. Kajeno, likhomo tse khantšang tsa Jersey li tsejoa haholo Amerika Leboea, Afrika le New Zealand. Ponahalo: Likhomo tsa Jersey li latelang:

nako e telele ea molumo;
concave morao;
hlooho e nyenyane e nang le lesapo la sefahleho le sefahleho sa concave;
molala o moqotetsane;
sefubeng se tebileng le se patisaneng;
ka tsela e fosahetseng e lenngoeng ka sefate sa mohatla;
udder e khōlō e entsoeng ka sekotlolo;
'mala o mosoeu kapa o bofubelu bo bobebe
ka lipoho: maoto le molaleng o lefifi, ho khutla ka mobala o motšo;
boima: 600-750 kg bakeng sa poho, 400-450 kg bakeng sa khomo;
bolelele bo pona - 120 cm.

Litšobotsi tse atlehang: Ho hlahisa lebese la Jersey ho phahameng, sehlahisoa ke sa boleng bo botle, bo na le monko o monate le monate. Lintlha tse ling:

Nako ea lebese ka selemo - nakong ea lactation ho tloha 4000 ho isa ho 11000 l.
Mafura a lebese - 4,5-5%.
Ho itlhokomela ka boima ba boima - 600 g / letsatsi.
Nama e hlahisang - 40%. Ho tsoala nama ha ho mohla e sebelisitsoeng.

Ke habohlokoa! Ho ea ka lihoai, ho na le khomo e tlohelang haholo, torso e lokela ho atolosa ho ea ka morao. Haeba e le sebōpeho sa 'mele joaloka poho - u se ke ua emella chai e ngata ho eona.

Likhomo tse tšoeu tsa Kazakh

Histori ea ho senya: Lihoai tse nang le lihlooho tse tšoeu tsa Kazakh li ile tsa hahoa lilemong tsa bo-1930 ke bahlahisi ba tsoang Russia Boroa-Bochabela le Kazakhstan. Bakeng sa ho ikatisa ho ne ho sebelisoa mefuta e mengata:

Monaford
Sebaka sa Kazakhstan,
Kalmyk.

Ka lebaka leo, likhomo tse tšoeu tsa Kazakh li kopanya likarolo tse ntlafetseng tsa nama ea likhomo tsa linaha tse nang le matla le ho feto-fetoha ha likhomo tsa bo-'mole. Ponahalo: Khomo e tšehali e tšoeu ea Kazakh e shebahala tjena:

'mala oa' mele - o bofubelu, o tšoeu ka hlooho e mosoeu, e le karolo e ka tlase ea mpa, maoto le mohatla oa mohatla;
'mele oa mokopu;
bahlaseli ba tsitsitseng;
skeleton e matla;
sefahleho se tsoetseng pele hantle;
tlaase, maoto a matla;
letlalo la lesela le na le mesifa e metle e entsoeng ka tlaase;
moriri o boreleli le o khuts'oane lehlabula; e teteaneng le e telele, ka nako e 'ngoe e koalehile - mariha;
bolelele bo omeletseng - cm 125-130;
bophara ba sefubeng - 45 cm;
motsoako oa torso ka scythe - 155 cm;
sefuba girth - 190 cm;
phela boima: lipoho - lik'hilograma tse 950, likhomo - 550-580 lik'hilograma.

Litšobotsi tse atlehang: Likhomo tse nang le lihlooho tse tšoeu tsa Kazakh li tsoa ho tataiso ea nama 'me li na le lintlha tse latelang:

Nako ea lebese ka selemo - nakong ea lesela le tsoang ho 1000 ho ea ho 1500 l.
Mafura a lebese - 3,8-4%.
Ho itlhokomela ka boima ba boima - 800 g / letsatsi.
Nama e hlahisang - 53-65%.

Fumana hore na ke mofuta o tsotehang hakaakang oa likhomo tse nang le lihlooho tse tšoeu tsa Kazakh.

Sebala se seholo sa Ayrshire se nang le mabala a sootho

Pale ea histori Mefuta ena e qala karolong ea bobeli ea lekholo la bo19 la lilemo. Motseng oa Ayshirsky oa South-West Scotland bakeng sa pōpo ea oona o sebelisitse batho ba mefuta e latelang:

likhomo tse ntšo le tse tšoeu
Tisvaterskoy,
Dutch
Shorthorn,
Hyland
Se-devonia
Monaford.

Lekholong la XIX la lilemo, mofuta ona o ne o e-na le 'mala o mosoeu o sootho.

Ke habohlokoa! Bakeng sa likhomo tsa Ayshir, boemo ba mongobo le bo pholileng bo hlokahale feela, kaha ha bo mamelle mocheso o phahameng oa moea: li lahleheloa ke lihlahisoa 'me li ba le botsoa.

Ponahalo: Khomo ea Ayrshire e na le litšobotsi tse latelang:

'mele o motle le o khutšoane o nang le mola o boreleli o boreleli;
hlooho e nyenyane e nang le manaka a maholo;
seaparo se sekhutšoane;
mobala o mosoeu o nang le litšila tse khubelu;
bofubelu le sefuba;
lebder e fetisetsoe pele, e kholo;
bolelele bo pona - 130 cm;
Boima: lipoho - ho tloha ho 700 ho isa ho 1000 lik'hilograma, likhomo - 450-500 lik'hilograma.

Litšobotsi tse atlehang: Mehla ea Ayshir ke ea tataiso ea lebese mme e na le litšobotsi tse latelang:

Nako ea lebese ka selemo - nakong ea lactation ho tloha ho 4500 l.
Mafura a lebese - 4%.
Ho itlhokomela ka boima ba boima - 800 g / letsatsi.
Nama e hlahisang - 50-55%.

Hlahloba mefuta e ntlehali ea likhomo le lebese la nama.

Lebitso la bosoalo bakeng sa khomo e tšoeu

Kaha beng ba liphoofolo ba rata ho fana ka mabitso a liphoofolo tsa bona tsa liphoofolo, u ka 'na ua thahasella lethathamo la likhetho tse ka khonehang bakeng sa sutu e tšoeu:

Squirrel.
Whitebird.
Belyashik (bakeng sa goby).
Bella
White White.
Dawn.
Zimka.
Snowball
Snezhanka.
Snezha.
Snowball (bakeng sa banna).
Sehlopha sa lehloa.
Manochka.
Milka

Kahoo, ka bongata bo bongata, mebala e khanyang ke ea mefuta e fapaneng ea likhomo, e thata ebile e se na boikokobetso ho maemo a ka ntle. Mefuta e meng ea tataiso ea nama e bile e e-na le litšobotsi tse ntle tsa lebese.