Liphoofolo tse ngata ka ho fetisisa le liphoofolo tsa likhomo Russia

Liphoofolo tsohle tse nang le litšobotsi tsa boleng li arotsoe ka nama, lebese le tse tsoakiloeng.

Sehlooho sena se bua ka mefuta e ntlehali ea lebese le mefuta ea likhomo e hlahisitsoeng libakeng tse bulehileng tsa Russia.

Ho sebelisoa likhomo tsa nama ea nama ea likhomo Russia

Nama le likhomo e 'nile ea nkoa e le lijo tse hlokahalang haholo bakeng sa baahi. Tafole ka tlase e bontša matšoao a ho sebelisoa ha lebese le nama ea likhomo ke baahi ba Russia ka lilemong tse 3 tse fetileng (ho ea ka Lekala la Temo):

Lijo tsa likhomo tsa lebese

Likhomo tsa lebese li nkoa e le baeta-pele ka ho hlahisa le ho atleha har'a liphoofolo tse hlahisang lebese: ka lactation e le 'ngoe, lebese leo ba nang le lona ke lona le leholo ka ho fetisisa la boima bo phelang. Ka mor'a moo, re tla bua ka mefuta e ntle ka ho fetisisa ea likhomo.

Ayrshire

Histori ea ho senya: Likhomo tsa Ayrshire li tsoa Scotland, Ayrshire county. Li qalile makholong a lilemo a XVIII-XIX, ha bahlahisi ba moo, bakeng sa ho fumana litšobotsi tse ntle, ba ile ba tšela mefuta e latelang ea likhomo tse lekholo:

• Tisvaterskie;
• alderney;
• Dutch

Ithute ho hlokomela mofuta oa likhomo tsa Ayrshire lapeng.

Litlokotsebe li ngolisitsoe ka molao ka 1862. Tšobotsi ea kantle Liphoofolo tsa Ayrshire:

• 'mala o mosoeu le o mosoeu;
• 'mele o le mong, o hahiloe ka thata;
• ho toba, ho khutlela morao;
• se tebileng, sefubelu se tšesaane;
• manonyeletso a fokolang le masapo a mesaane;
• hlooho e ka hare;
• manaka a maholo a li-lyre, a khethiloeng;
• molala o mosesaane;
• beha hantle maoto le li-hooves tse matla;
• sebere se nang le sebōpeho sa sekotlolo se nang le likoti tse pharaletseng;
• boima: likhomo - tse fetang 475 lik'hilograma, lipoho - tse fetang 750 lik'hilograma;
• bolelele ba bolelele - 125 cm.

Lipontšo tse hlahisang:

1. Sehlahisoa sa selemo le selemo ke 6000-7000 kg.
2. Lihlahisoa tsa mafura - 3.8-4.0%.
3. Protheine - 3.4-3.6%.
4. Litakatso li phahameng.
5. Ka karolelano tekanyo ea lactation ke 2.0 kg / min.

Ke habohlokoa! Ha ho khethoa likhomo tsa lebese, ho bohlokoa ho ela hloko sebopeho sa likhomo: Batho ba nang le litholoana tse ntle haholo ba na le lesela le leholo le koahetsoeng ka sethunya se nang le sefate se teteaneng, 'me ka mor'a hore ho kokotseha haholo ho fokotseha, ho theha letlalo ka morao.

Golshtinsky

Histori ea ho senya: Liphoofolo tsa Holstein li ngotsoe ka molao lilemong tsa bo-1980 United States. Pele ho moo, ho tloha bohareng ba lekholo la bo19 la lilemo, likhomo tse ntšo tse nang le matheba a matšo le a khubelu a nang le lihlahisoa tse ngata tsa lebese li ne li kenngoa ka hare ho naha ho tloha bohareng ba lekholo la bo19 la lilemo. Ka lebaka la boiteko ba nako e telele ba bahlahisi ba batlang ho ntlafatsa liketso tsa lebese, mefuta ena e ile ea bōptjoa, eo hona joale e tsejoang e le Holstein.

Tšobotsi ea kantle Likhomo tsa Holstein:

• sutu e mebala e macha, bonyane - e khubelu le motley;
• 'mele o tebileng le o motopo;
• mahetla a maholo le a malelele;
• ho khutlela morao;
• mofere - e bōpehileng ka khase, e kholo;
• bophahamo bo pona-ho fihlela ho masentimita a 145;
• boima ba 'mele - 1000-1200 kg;
• linaka - ha li eo.

Lipontšo tse hlahisang:

1. Kotulo ea selemo le selemo - 7300 lik'hilograma.
2. Lihlahisoa tsa mafura - 3.8%.
3. Protheine - 3.6%.
4. Litakatso li tloaelehile.
5. Ka karolelano tekanyo ea lactation ke 2.5 kg / min.

Bala ho eketsehileng ka likarolo tsa likhomo tsa Holstein.

Dutch

Histori ea ho senya: Lihoai tsa Madache li ile tsa hahoa ke li-breeders tsa Madache lilemong tse fetang 300 tse fetileng ka lebaka la ho ikatisa. Baemeli ba mefuta ena ba ile ba tlisoa linaheng tse sa tšoaneng 'me ba nkoa e le motheo oa ho ikatisa mefuta e latelang ea likhomo:

• Ayrshire;
• Istobenska;
• Tagil.

Lihlahisoa tsa Madache ke ho butsoa pele ho nako, ho se hokae ho ka etsoa ka likhoeli tse 14,5-18.

Re khothaletsa ho ithuta ho eketsehileng ka mefuta ea likhomo tsa Madache.

Tšobotsi ea kantle Liphoofolo tsa Dutch:

• sutu - batsho le motley, tse nang le "mabanta" a tšoeu ka mor'a mahare a mahetla;
• matla a maholo, a lekanang le 'mele o nang le motheo o matla le mesifa e matla;
• maoto a khutšoanyane;
• sefate se nang le sekotlolo se nang le sekotlolo se nang le sefaha;
• hlooho e kopaneng;
• e otlolohile mme e otlolohile morao;
• bofubelu le sefuba;
• bolelele ba torso haufi le scythe - 157 cm;
• bolelele bo pona - 133 cm;
• boholo ba khomo ke lik'hilograma tse 550-750, poho-700-1000 lik'hilograma.

Lipontšo tse hlahisang:

1. Sehlahisoa sa selemo le selemo ke 3500-4500 kg.
2. Lihlahisoa tsa mafura - 3.8-4%.
3. Protheine - 3.3-3.5%.
4. Litakatso li phahameng.
5. Ka karolelano tekanyo ea lactation ke 2.3 kg / min.

Na ua tseba? Palo ea li-ringlets ka linaka tsa likhomo li ka bolela hore na ke ka makhetlo a mangata khomo e kileng ea e-ba le namane bophelong ba eona, 'me kahoo e lekanyetsa lilemo tsa phoofolo. E le hore u etse sena, u lokela ho bala palo ea mehele ebe u eketsa lilemo tse peli ho bona (hantle-ntle nako eo likhomo e tloaelehileng e phela ka pel'a calving ea pele).

Jersey

Histori ea ho senya: liphoofolo tsa mofuta ona li ile tsa bōptjoa sehlekehlekeng sa Jersey (English Channel) sehlekehleke. Le hoja ho se na leseli le ka tšeptjoang mabapi le tšimoloho ea lona, ​​ho tloha bohareng ba lekholo la bo19 la lilemo, bahlahisi ba tlisa buka ea ho ikatisa ho mefuta ena. Kajeno, mefuta ena e ile ea ratoa ke bahlahisi ba bangata 'me ea ata. Tšobotsi ea kantle jersey khomo:

• 'mele o lekanyelitsoeng;
• molumo oa concave oa morao;
• lithako tse sephara;
• hlooho e nyenyane e nang le phatla e khanyang, ponahalo e nang le sekhahla, ntle le manaka;
• molala o mosesaane ka meketeng;
• sekoahelo se tebileng le sefuba;
• ho lema ha mokhoa o sa lokang oa khoele e nang le mohatla o phahamisitsoeng;
• udder e khōlō e entsoeng ka sekotlolo;
• e behile maoto a ka morao hampe;
• 'mala o mosoeu kapa o bofubelu bo bobebe
• molala le maoto a lefifi ka morao - ka moqhaka o motšo (ka banna);
• boima ba poho - 650-750 lik'hilograma, likhomo - 400-450 lik'hilograma;
• bolelele bo pona - 123 cm

Lipontšo tse hlahisang:

1. Sehlahisoa sa selemo le selemo ke 4000-5000 kg.
2. Lihlahisoa tsa mafura -4-5%.
3. Protheine - 3.5-3.7%.
4. Litakatso - lebese la boleng bo phahameng, ka monko o monate le tatso.
5. Ka karolelano tekanyo ea lactation ke 2.2 kg / min.

U ka 'na ua ba le thahasello ea ho ithuta ho eketsehileng ka litaba tsa likhomo tsa Jersey.

Sebaka se khubelu

Histori ea ho senya: Mefuta ena ea likhomo e ile ea thehoa Ukraine ka boroa lekholo la XVIII ka lebaka la ho tšela likhomo tse latelang:

• mangeloi;
• bofubelu ba Ostfriesland;
• sehlopha se bosoeu;
• Simmental;
• mefuta e meng.

Khomo e khubelu ea likhomo, e le mefuta e ikemetseng, e ne e khethoa feela qalong ea lekholo la XIX la lilemo.

Tšobotsi ea kantle Lihoai tse khubelu:

• sutu e khubelu, ka matla a sa tšoaneng a 'mala, ka linako tse ling e na le libaka tse tšoeu;
• 'mele o nang le' mele o nang le masapo a mosesaane le a lesesaane;
• bolelele ba 'mele oa slanting - 155 cm;
• morao ke nako e telele ebile e bataletse;
• ho pota-potile lintja tsa mahlahahlaha;
• sefuba se tebile;
• hlooho e nyenyane, e nyenyane e phahametsoeng ke linaka tse bofubelu;
• molala o mosesaane mme bobebe bo ome;
• e tlase, ka nepo e beha maoto;
• lebder le leholo, le koetsoe;
• bolelele bo bolelele - 126-130 cm;
• boima - 500-700 lik'hilograma.

Lipontšo tse hlahisang:

1. Sehlahisoa sa selemo le selemo ke 4000-5000 kg.
2. Lihlahisoa tsa mafura - 3.7%.
3. Liprotheine - 3.2-3.5%.
4. Litakatso - lebese le boleng bo botle, monko le tatso - monate.
5. Ka karolelano tekanyo ea lactation ke 2 kg / min.

Na ua tseba? Nakong ea Attila, 'musi oa Huns, bahlabani ba hae ba ne ba sebelisa mokhoa oa pele oa ho boloka nama le ho pheha nama ea likhomo: ka phetoho e telele, ba beha nama ea khomo ka sesebeleng, e leng se etsang hore sehlahisoa se hlajoe' me se lahleheloe ke metsi, 'me mofufutso oa lipere oe fafatse hantle.

Black and motley

Histori ea ho senya: Likhomo tse bosoeu le tse tšoeu li ne li hlahile ka lebaka la boiteko ba bafutsi ba Madache ba neng ba sebelitse ho fumana mefuta ea makholo a lilemo a XVIII-XIX 'me ba sebelisa mefuta e latelang ea likhomo tse nyenyane bakeng sa ho tšela:

• Dutch;
• Ostfrizian

Ka lebaka la ho ikatisa, khomo e ne e e-na le mekhoa e ntle ea lebese, empa e sa khethollehe ka molao-motheo o matla 'me o hlaseloa ke maloetse. Ke lekholong la bo20 la lilemo feela, boiteko ba ba-breeders bo ne bo atlehile, 'me liphoofolo tse ruuoang tsa batsho le motley li khetholloa ka bophelo bo botle le kaho e matla.

Re u eletsa hore u ithute ho hlokomela likhomo tsa black-motley.

Tšobotsi ea kantle likhomo tse ntšo le tse tšoeu:

• letlalo le letšo le lebala le lesoeu;
• 'mele o matla le o lekanang;
• 'mele o kopantsoeng;
• hlooho e telele le mokoallo o motle;
• linaka tse lefifi;
• e bohareng, e se nang mesifa, e koetsoe molala;
• sefubeng se ka hare;
• mokokotlo o otlolohileng o nang le rump e kholo;
• e tsitsitseng esita le maoto;
• mpa e bohale;
• sebōpeho se entsoeng ka senoelo se nang le li-lobe tse sa tsoaloang (li-napples tsa morao li le haufi);
• bolelele - 130-132 cm;
• boima ba 'mele - 650-1000 kg.

Lipontšo tse hlahisang:

1. Sehlahisoa sa selemo le selemo se tsoa ho 3,000 ho isa ho 8 000 lik'hilograma.
2. Lihlahisoa tsa mafura - 3.7%.
3. Protheine - 3.0-3.3%.
4. Litakatso - lebese le boleng bo phahameng le monate o monate le monko.
5. Ka karolelano tekanyo ea lactation ke 2.1 kg / min.

Kholmogorskaya

Histori ea ho senya: Kholmogor likhomo ke mofuta oa khale ka ho fetisisa o hlahisang lebese. O tsoa Russia (ho tloha profinseng ea Arkhangelsk). Tšimoloho ea tšimoloho ea eona e ka nkoa e le halofo ea bobeli ea XVII - halofo ea pele ea lilemo tse XVIII. Mefuta ena e tšoana le pono ea black-motley, empa e na le botebo bo bongata ba mefuta le mesifa e fokolang.

Tšobotsi ea kantle Kholmogor mefuta:

• sutu - e ntšo le e tšoeu, e khubelu le motley, e khubelu kapa e ntšo;
• hlooho e bohareng le mokoala o moqotetsane;
• molala o mosesaane;
• e lumellanang, e arohaneng, e matla le e pota-potileng 'mele o nang le liphallelo tse tsoetseng pele;
• ho khutlela morao ka sefahleho se bataletseng;
• petsana e khōlō e nang le rump e tsositsoeng;
• sefubeng ka phofu e bonolo;
• Boima bo boholo bo boholo bo nang le li-nipples;
• letlalo le teteaneng ebile le tlaase;
• maoto a phahameng le a tsitsitseng;
• bolelele - 130-135 cm;
• boima ba 'mele - 550-1200 lik'hilograma.

Lipontšo tse hlahisang:

1. Sehlahisoa sa selemo le selemo ke 3500-5000 kg.
2. Lihlahisoa tsa mafura - 3.6-3.8%.
3. Protheine - 3.3-3.5%.
4. Litakatso - lebese le boleng bo phahameng le monate o monate le monko.
5. Ka karolelano tekanyo ea lactation ke 1.9 kg / min.

Ke habohlokoa! E le ho fumana nama ea likhomo, likhomo li lokela ho bolokoa feela ka joang, eseng lijo tse nonneng.

Yaroslavskaya

Histori ea ho senya: Tšimoloho ea likhomo tsa Yaroslavl li qalehile mathoasong a lekholo la bo19 la lilemo profinseng ea Yaroslavl (mmuso oa Russia), moo likhomo tse nyenyane tse nang le bophelo bo bobe le masapo a fokolang li nkiloeng e le motheo oa ho ikatisa ho etsa likhomo tsa kajeno tsa Yaroslavl. Tšobotsi ea kantle Mefuta ea likhomo tsa Yaroslavl:

• 'mele o monyenyane, o omeletseng o bile o omme, o na le mesifa e sa tsoaneng hantle;
• mmala o motšo o nang le hlooho e mosoeu, maoto a tlase, mpa le udder;
• lirosa tse ntšo ho pota-pota mahlo;
• hlooho e telele, e moqotetsane e nang le linaka tse nyenyane, tse bobebe tsa bophara bo bolelele le bolelele;
• lefifi, nko e bohale;
• o mosesaane, o le molala o molelele ka lesakeng;
• sefubana se senyenyane;
• e khōlō, e pota-potileng mpa;
• mokokotlo o otlolohileng o nang le setopo se moqotetsane;
• letlalo le tšesaane le se nang mafura;
• maoto a mokhutšoanyane le manonyeletso a maholo;
• lesela le leholo ebile le pentiloe, ka li-nipples tse telele, tse koahetsoeng ka metsi;
• bolelele - 125-127 cm;
• boima ba 'mele - 460-1200 lik'hilograma.

Lipontšo tse hlahisang:

1. Sehlahisoa sa selemo le selemo ke 4500 kg.
2. Lihlahisoa tsa mafura - 3.8-4%.
3. Protheine - 3.4-3.7%.
4. Litakatso - lebese le boleng bo botle.
5. Ka karolelano tekanyo ea lactation ke 2.0 kg / min.

Re khothalletsa ho bala ho eketsehileng ka likhomo tsa Yaroslavl.

Mefuta ea likhomo Russia

Ho likhomo tsa mefuta ea nama, metsoako ea 'mele ea' mele e ikemiselitse ho haha ​​mesifa ha e ntse e sebelisa lijo hantle. Mefuta ena ea liphoofolo tse ruuoang, lebese ha le phahame 'me haholo-holo le reretsoe ho fepa bana. Ka tlase ho na le kakaretso ea liphoofolo tsa maeto a nama.

Aberdeen-Angus

Histori ea ho senya: Aberdeen-Angus likhomo tsa likhomo li tsoa Scotland, ho tloha likarolong tsa Aberdeen le Angus, moo lihlopha tsa bo-XIX tsa lekholong la bo19 la lilemo li neng li leka ho ntlafatsa mefuta ea likhomo tse khubelu tsa linaleli. Kajeno, likhomo tsa Aberdeen-Angus, ka lebaka la thepa ea tsona, li abuoa hoo e ka bang lik'honthinenteng tsohle.

Tšobotsi ea kantle Aberdeen Angus cows:

• sutu e khubelu kapa e ntšo;
• hlooho e boima, komolaya (ntle le manaka);
• 'mele o pharaletse, o na le mefuta e hlalositsoeng hantle ea nama le mafura;
• line e ka holimo e bataletse;
• masapo a mabeli (18% ka boima ba 'mele);
• molaetsa o mosoane o kopantsoe le mahetla le hlooho;
• sacrum e entsoeng ka hantle le ho leba;
• linama tsa ham tse ntlafetseng;
• e tsitsitseng, e tshesane, e tsitsang letlalo;
• maoto a bōpehile joaloka saber;
• bolelele ba torso ka scythe - cm 138-140;
• bolelele - cm 125-150;
• boima ba 'mele - ho tloha ho tse 500 ho isa ho 1000 kg.

Litšobotsi tse atlehang:

1. Ho itlhokomela ka boima ba boima ke 750-800 g / letsatsi.
2. Ho hlajoa nama nama - 63%.

Ithute ho hlokomela likhomo tsa Aberdeen-Angus.

Tšoaea

Histori ea ho senya: Liphoofolo tse ling ke tsa khale ho feta UK, empa ho pholletsa le lefats'e. Ho thehoa ha mefuta ena ho qalile lekholong la bo17 la lilemo, ha bafolisi ba tsoang leboea Scotland ba leka ho ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea liphoofolo tsa moo.

Tšobotsi ea kantle Galleve likhomo:

• 'mala - o motšo, ka linako tse ling o khubelu kapa o mosoeu
• moriri o motenya, o bolileng ho fihlela ho cm 20;
• masapo a thata;
• 'mele o motopo o moholo;
• hlooho e khutšoanyane le e kholo;
• Linaka ha li eo;
• e khabisitsoeng, e koahetsoeng molaleng o nang le botle ba occipital hantle;
• sefubelu haholo (girth - ho fihlela ho 2 limithara);
• bolelele - ho fihlela ho cm cm 145;
• boima ba 'mele - 550-1000 lik'hilograma.

Litšobotsi tse atlehang:

1. Ho itlhokomela ka boima ba boima ke 850-1000 g / letsatsi.
2. Ho hlajoa nama nama - 65-70%.

Ke habohlokoa! Ho atleha ha ho hlahisa likhomo ho itšetlehile ka ho feletseng ka ho ikatisa, thekenoloji, lits'ebetso tsa bongaka ba liphoofolo-lits'ebetsong le lits'ebetsong.

Monaford

Histori ea ho senya: Mehlape ea Hereford e hlahisitsoe Engelane (Herefordshire) lekholong la bo19 la lilemo. Motheo o nkiloe ho likhomo tse khubelu tsa libaka tse ka boroa-bophirimela tsa naha, tse neng li sebelisoa ke bahlahisi ho fumana liphoofolo e le mohloli oa nama le likolobe.

Tšobotsi ea kantle Khomo ea Hereford:

• sutu - setopo se khubelu;
• hlooho e mosoeu, molaleng, maoto a tlaase le brush ea caudal;
• Linaka - li tšoeu, li le mongobo o lefifi;
• squat ea 'mele, e bōpehileng joaloka mokoallo, e pharaletseng;
• letlalo le letšo;
• ho pota-pota ka lehlakoreng le leholo;
• maoto - a tsitsitseng, a khutsoanyane;
• mobala - bonolo;
• bolelele ba 'mele ka har'a scythe - 153 cm;
• bolelele - 125 cm;
• boima ba 'mele - 650-1350 lik'hilograma.

Litšobotsi tse atlehang:

1. Ho itlhokomela ka boima ba boima ke 800-1250 g / letsatsi.
2. Ho hlajoa nama nama - 58-70%.

Whitehead ea Kazakh

Histori ea ho senya: Mathoasong a lilemo tsa bo-1930, bahlahisi ba tsoang Kazakhstan le South-East of Russia ba ile ba hlahisa khomo e tšoeu ea Kazakh, eo lihloliloeng tsa mofuta ona li ileng tsa sebelisoa ka tsona:

• Hereford;
• Kalmyk;
• Kazakh.

Ka lebaka la mosebetsi oa ho ikatisa o etsoang, likhomo tse nang le lihlooho tse tšoeu tsa Kazakh li futsitse lihlahisoa tse phahameng tsa nama le mamello ho baholo-holo ba pele.

Bala ho eketsehileng ka likhomo tse tšoeu tsa Kazakh.

Tšobotsi ea kantle Lihoai tse nang le lihlooho tse tšoeu ka Kazakh:

• sutu e bofubelu, 'me hlooho, lesela, le mpa, maoto le mohatla oa mohatla li tšoeu;
• masapo a matla a nang le mesifa e tsoetseng pele hantle;
• 'mele - e bōpehileng ka moqomo;
• kamoreng e ka tlase - e thata, e phalla;
• maoto a maholo, a matla;
• letlalo la lesela le mafura a mafura;
• seaparo se sekhutšoanyane le se boreleli nakong ea lehlabula, 'me mariha - nako e telele, e teteaneng ebile e pota-potile;
• bolelele - cm 130;
• bolelele ba 'mele oa oblique - 155-160 cm;
• boima ba 'mele - 580-950 kg.

Litšobotsi tse atlehang:

1. Ho itlhokomela ka boima ba boima ke 800 g / letsatsi.
2. Ho hlajoa ha nama nama - 55-65%.

Kalmyk

Histori ea ho senya: Likhomo tsa Kalmyk li ile tsa hahoa bohareng ba lekholo la bo17 la lilemo ka lebaka la ntlafatso ea nako e telele ea liphoofolo tse ruiloeng, e tsamaisoang ke Kalmyk nomads e ka bophirimela ho naha ea Mongolia.

Tšobotsi ea kantle Kalmyk likhomo:

• 'mala o mofubelu o nang le li-shades tse fapaneng, ka linako tse ling o na le mebala e mosoeu ka morao le ho tšoeu ka mahlakoreng;
• lehlooho le nang le manaka a koahetsoeng ka ho phunyeha;
• molala oa nama o omeletseng;
• sefubeng se seholo;
• ho phomola ke mesifa e sephara;
• letlalo le bolila bo bobeli;
• likhopo tse ngata tse behiloeng;
• mele oa motheo o lumellanang le molao-motheo o matla;
• mokokotlo o pharaletseng;
• sefuba se matla;
• maoto a bophahamo bo hare, a matla, a behiloe hantle;
• lebese le lenyenyane;
• bolelele ba 'mele - 160 cm;
• bolelele - 128 cm;
• boima - 500-900 lik'hilograma.

Litšobotsi tse atlehang:

1. Ho itlhokomela ka boima ba 'mele ho fihlela ho 1000 g / letsatsi.
2. Ho hlahisa nama ea lihlahisoa - 57-65%.

Limousine

Histori ea ho senya: Likhomo tsa Limousin li ile tsa hlaha lilemong tse makholo a XVIII-XIX. ka lebaka la boiteko ba ho ikatisa ba bafolisi ba Fora ba profinseng ea Limousin, ba sebelisa likhomo tsa moo sebakeng sena.

Tšobotsi ea kantle likhomo tsa limousine:

• sutu - bofubelu, bo bofubelu ba khauta, bo bofubelu bo bofubelu ka moriti o lefifi ka mpeng;
• hlooho e khutšoanyane ka phatla e pharaletseng;
• 'mele o entsoeng hantle o nang le mefuta e hlalositsoeng hantle ea nama;
• ho fokotsa hanyenyane ha lisele tsa adipose;
• masapo a mosesaane;
• sefuba se tebileng;
• hlooho e khutšoanyane ka phatla e khōlō;
• khuts'oane e mekhutšoanyane, e kenngoe ka sefubeng se seholo;
• likhopo tse potolohileng;
• matla, maoto a mokhutšoanyane;
• linaka le li-hooves tsa moriti o lefifi;
• seipone sa letsoho le mahlo a khabisitsoe ka mokhoa o khanyang;
• mofere - o sa ts'ehetsoeng;
• bolelele - lisenthimithara tse 140;
• boima ba 'mele - 580-1150 kg.

Litšobotsi tse atlehang:

1. Ho ba le khuts'oalo ea boima ba 'mele - ho fihlela ho 900 g / letsatsi.
2. Ho hlajoa nama nama - 65-70%.

Na ua tseba? Sandwich ea nama e ne e bitsoa karete ea tummeng ea karete, Count Sandwich, eo nakong ea papali ea karete, e le hore a se ke a tšoara matsoho a hae a silafetse, beha likarolo tsa nama pakeng tsa lipale tse peli tsa bohobe.

Santa Gertrude

Histori ea ho senya: Likhomo tsa Santa-hertruda tse bōpiloeng li entsoe bohareng ba lekholo la bo20 la lilemo. lihoai tsa naha ea United States ea Texas polasing ea lebitso le le leng Santa Gertrude. Mosebetsing o khethiloeng o sebelisitsoe mefuta e latelang ea likhomo:

• zebu zebu;
• lenaka le khutsuanyane

Tšobotsi ea kantle Likhomo tsa Santa-Hertruda:

• 'mala - kharebe e khubelu, ka nako e' ngoe ho na le letšoao le lesoeu ka tlas'a mpa;
• 'mele o moholo, o pharaletse, o bōpehile ka nama;
• hlooho ka litsebe tse theohelang;
• sefuba se tebileng se na le phofu e kholo;
• e ka morao;
• ba batona ha ba pona ba na le hump;
• molala likotleng;
• maoto a matla le a omileng;
• seaparo se sekhutšoanyane le se benyang;
• boima ba 'mele - 760-1000 lik'hilograma.

Litšobotsi tse atlehang:

1. Boikokobetso ba boima bo boima bo fihla ho 800 g / letsatsi.
2. Ho hlahisa nama ea lihlahisoa - 63-65%.

Sharolezskaya

Histori ea ho senya: Charolais breed e simoloha lekholong la XVIII la lilemo, ha bafetoleli ba Fora ba kopanela ho ikatisa likhomo le nama ea litšoaneleho le ho tsuba. Mosebetsing oa bona, ba nka motheo oa mefuta e mengata:

• liphoofolo tse tsoang seterekeng sa Charolais;
• Simmental;
• lenaka le khutsuanyane.

Tšobotsi ea kantle Liphoofolo tsa Charolais:

• Tšoaro: likhomo - tse tšoeu-lihlooho, lipoho - tse bosoeu;
• hlooho e khutšoanyane;
• phatleng ka bophara;
• ho fokola ha metsi;
• 'mele o se nang mesifa le o moholo, ho na le mafura a mafura;
• moriri o mosesaane;
• mokokotlo o pharaletseng;
• sefuba se matla;
• ham e tsoetseng pele;
• ka ho nepahetseng a beha litho tsa matsoho;
• litšiea le manaka li na le moriti oa boka;
• bophahamo ba bolelele ba 135-150 cm;
• boima ba 'mele - 750-1100 kg.

Litšobotsi tse atlehang:

1. Boikokobetso ba boima bo boima bo fihla ho 800 g / letsatsi.
2. Ho hlajoa nama nama - 60-70%.

Shorthorn

Histori ea ho senya: Shorthorns - e 'ngoe ea mefuta ea khale ka ho fetisisa lefatšeng, e na le lebitso la eona ka lebaka la linaka tse khutšoanyane. E qalile lekholong la XVIII karolong e ka leboea-bochabela ea Engelane.

Bakeng sa morero ona, likhomo tse latelang li ile tsa sebelisoa:

• likhomo tse nyenyane tse nang le likhoka;
• Tšoaea;
• Dutch

Ho bohlokoa ho ithuta ka likarolo tsa tlhokomelo ea likhomo tsa Shorthorn.

Tšobotsi ea kantle Likhomo tsa Shorthorn:

• 'mala o mofubelu-motley, o tšoeu ka sefubeng, matsoho, mpa le hams;
• 'mele o pharaletseng o nang le sebōpeho sa mokopu o nang le mesifa e ntle;
• hlooho e nyenyane, e bobebe e nang le phatla e pharaletseng;
• tse khutšoanyane, tse kobehileng ka hare;
• e teteaneng, e khuts'oane;
• bophara, sefubeng;
• Bolelele bo pona;
• letlalo le bonolo, le letlalo;
• boea bo bonolo, bo boliloeng;
• mola o otlolohileng oa morao le letheka;
• tse behiloe hantle, tse khutšoanyane, tse matla;
• bolelele - cm 130;
• boima ba 'mele - 600-950 kg.

Litšobotsi tse atlehang:

1. Pele ho boima boima - ho fihlela ho 1200 g / letsatsi.
2. Ho hlajoa nama nama - 68-70%.

Ho qeta tlhahlobo ea lihlahisoa tse ntle tsa lebese le likhomo, re hatisa hore mefuta eohle ea likhomo tse boletsoeng ka holimo e lumellane hantle le maemo a libaka tsa libaka tsa Russia 'me e fana ka phaello e lekaneng ea nama le lebese, e itšetlehileng ka ho toba ka ho fepa le ho phela hantle ha liphoofolo.