E le ho fumana kotulo e ntle, le ho boloka lifate li phetse hantle, molemi oa lirapa o lokela ho tseba likotsi tse lebeletseng serapa sa hae.
Likokoana-hloko tsa lifate tsa litholoana li ka aroloa ka mabotho a mahlano: ho anyesa, ho hlahisa makhasi, makhasi, likokoanyana tsa litho tsa ho ikatisa le likutu.
Lipeo tse senyang tsa lifate tsa litholoana
Ena ke aphid, mednitsy (listbloshki), likokoanyana. Kotsi ea mofuta ona oa tse senyang lijalo ke hore ba anya lero ho tloha letlobo le lihlahla tsa lifate, kahoo ba thibela tsoelo-pele ea bona.
Ka nako e tsoanang medianitsas e boetse e kopanya liphiri tsa tsona ka likhahla tse shoang ka lebaka la tsona. Lirapeng, li-squirrels tsa apole le tsa pere li tloaelehile haholo, tse ka senyang ho fihlela ho karolo ea mashome a mahlano a makhasi le lifate tsa sefateng.
Li-tick (pere ea gallic, apole e khubelu, litholoana tse sootho le tse ling) li noa lero ho tloha makhasi, a senyehileng, a sootho kapa a soeufala mme a oa.
Likokoanyana tse jang likokoanyana tsa lifate tsa litholoana
Tsena ke likokoana-hloko, tse akarelletsang li-mothanyana, li-wolfworms, li-horse-cocoon, le li-moths.
Likokoana li phunyeletsa makhasi, li etsa likoti tse pota-potileng websaete, tse ka senyang li-buds le li-buds. Likokoana li ka ja sekoahelo sa lekhasi ka ho feletseng, empa sefate se joalo se tla pholoha 'me se qale ho lahla makhasi a macha, leha ho le joalo, ho tla ba hobe haholo ho beha litholoana le ho fokolisa ka ho feletseng. Tse ling tse senyang lijalo, tse kang makhapetla a maleshoane, li lula lifate tse anngoeng ke likokoanyana tse jang makhasi.
Sebakeng seo u ka ithutang lintho tsohle tse poteletseng tsa ho lema lifate tsa litholoana.
Sehlopha sa ho hōlisa meroho sebakeng se bulehileng //rusfermer.net/ogorod/plodovye-ovoshhi/vyrashhivanie-v-otkrytom-grunte.
Litlhahiso tsa tlhokomelo ea serapa mona.
Sebakeng seo u ka ithutang lintho tsohle tse poteletseng tsa ho lema lifate tsa litholoana.Moths a bitsoa basebetsi ba merafong, ha ba ntse ba etsa liqhomane ka har'a lakane. Lihlahisoa tsa lifate tse anngoeng ke moles li oa ka karolo ea 60 lekholong, litholoana li senyehile, boleng ba bona ba phepo e fokotseha.
Moth Wreckers
Likokoanyana, likokoana-hloko tse phelang makhasi a pentiloeng, hape li ka senya limela, mae a bomme, lipalesa le litholoana. Lipane li hlophisa lekhasi ka har'a tube ebe li e hula ka hare ho web, lekhasi le se le sa sebetse.
Ho na le mefuta e ka bang 70 ea likokoana-hloko tse joalo, tse tloaelehileng ka ho fetisisa ke omnivorous, oak, bud, litholoana tse fetohang, li-moth. Limapole li ka senya limela ho tloha nakong ea selemo ho ea hoetla 'me li ka senya ho fihlela ho karolo ea mashome a tšeletseng lekholong ea likhahla tse koahelang likhahla, buds le inflorescences.
Likokoana-hloko tsa litho tsa ho ikatisa
Tse senyang lijalo (buds le buds) - weevils, sawflies, tšoele, bronzovki.
Li-weevils le bronzovki gnaw buds le buds, ka lebaka la hore lifate ha li khone ho beha litholoana. Likokoana-hloko li ja likoti liphio tsa tsona tse shebahalang joaloka li-needle ebe li beha mahe ho tsona. Likokoana-hloko tsa likokoanyana li ja li-pistils le li-stamens, li li kopanya hammoho le mantle a tsona, e leng se lebisang ho phunyeha ha limela.
Li-moths le litholoana tsa litholoana li beha mahe ka lipalesa le lipalesa, ka tsela eo li ba senya, li-buds lia oa, litholoana li ke ke tsa tlama. Lipane tsa merafong ea sesepa li-ovary, ebe li fetisetsa lebokose la peo le ho li senya - sefate se hlahisa ka hare ho lesea. Phofu e 'ngoe e joalo e ka senya litholoana tse hlano.
Li-saws le li-weevil li ka fapana ka lithahasello tsa bona, ka mohlala, li-sawflies tsa pere li senya peire feela. Litholoana sefateng se anngoeng ke likokoanyana joalo hangata li na le tšoaetso ea bola.
Tse senyang likokoana-hloko
Tsena ke likokoana-hloko, makhapetla a makhapetla, lifate tsa woodgrass, borers tsa lifate, litulo tsa khalase, li-aphid tsa perekisi. Likokoanyana tsena li senya lehong, ja lipale tlas'a makhapetla. Libakeng tse anngoeng ke tse senyang lijalo, mokokotlo oa mapheo o shoa 'me o shoa, o etsa hore li-casting le makala a oele.
Sehlopha sena ha se akarelletse likokoanyana feela, empa le litoeba (li-voles, litoeba tsa meru, likhoto tsa metsi), tse senya likutu le metso ea lifate.
Nako eo lifate tsa litholoana li amehang ka eona ke tse senyang lijalo
Mosebetsi o kotsi oa likokoanyana tse kotsi bakeng sa lifate tsa litholoana o etsoa ka linako tse fapaneng 'me o lumellana le nako ea ho ntlafatsa lifate. Nakong ea ho ruruha ha Bud, ho qala ho phalla ha mahlaseli a matla, ho hlaha likokoanyana tse kang hoaba, li-creeper tsa apole, lipalesa tsa lipalesa, popane, li-leafworms li phahama.
Nakong ea ho pepeseha le ho lokoloha ha li-buds, likokoanyana, hoaba, linonyana tse anyesang, li-leafworms, likokoanyana tsa tšoèlè le li-snail li fepa ka tsona.
Nakong ea limela tsa lipalesa li hlaha.
Sebakeng sa rona sa marang-rang u ka ithuta hore na u ka hōlisa tamati joang tšimong.
Sohle seo serapa se seng le se seng se lokelang ho se tseba ka lipeo tsa li-eggplant, u ka li bala sehloohong se buang ka taba ena mona.
Sebakeng sa rona sa marang-rang u ka ithuta hore na u ka hōlisa tamati joang tšimong.Ho sireletsa lifate tsa litholoana ho tse senyang lijalo
Liphoofolo tse senyang li hlaha serapeng ha litlhoko tsa agrotechnical li sa sebetsane.
Ho thibela tšenyo ea lifate ka litoeba, u lokela ho tlosa lithōle tsa serapeng, le lifate.
Ho elella bofelong ba July - mathoasong a August, mabanta a entsoeng ka burlap le serapeng se khethehileng sa serapeng se behoa lifate ho thibela likokoanyana ho fofa ho tloha fatše ho ea ho likutu le makala a lifate.
Ho khomarela melao ea agronomic le mekhoa ea ho itšireletsa ho ka 'na ha se ke ha lula e sireletsa likokoana-hloko hore li se ke tsa hlasela. Lik'hemik'hale feela li tla thusa ho li tlosa.
