Jonagold - "lesea" mefuta e mengata ea Jonathane le monate oa khauta, e hōlileng Amerika.
Ho bona mme o nkile lebitso le kopaneng.
Hona joale e tsejoa Jonagold o fetang 100. Li joalo e fapane ka 'mala le tatso e fokolang.
Empa, ha re bua hantle ka mefuta e sa tšoaneng ea mefuta-futa, a re ke re sekaseke kamoo re ka e jalang kateng, re e hlokomele le hore na liapole tse fapa-fapaneng li khahla balemi ba lirapa le bahlahisi. Mela ea mefuta e fapa-fapaneng Jonagold, tlhaloso ea eona e feletseng le setšoantšo - sehloohong.
Ke mofuta ofe?
Sefate sa Apple se bitsoang Jonagold ke mariha a sa tšoaneng
Mefuta e fapaneng ea mefuta e sa tšoaneng ea potlako e ile ea e-ba e tloaelehileng bakeng sa tatso ea eona, boemo bo phahameng ba ho fruiting le nako e telele ea ho apula.
Maapole a li-Dzhonagold a na le khalori ea 45 kcal.
Kotulo jonagold ho elella bofelong ba September - pele ho October.
Liapole li bolokiloe ho fihlela ka February ka sehatsetsing - ho fihlela ka April.
Mefuta ea mariha e boetse e kenyelletsa Mantsoe a makatsang, Selekane, Asterisk, Kemisong ea Michurin le Antonovka e tloaelehileng.
Ho tsamaisa peo
Ena ke karolo ea bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa e ke keng ea qojoa. Jonagold - apple tse fapa-fapaneng triploid. Mela lifate tsa mefuta ena e fapaneng li nkoa likokoana-hloko tse mpe. Ke hore, ha ba khone ho nyolla phofo le ho thusa ba bang ho sena. Ka hona, ke habohlokoa ho hopola hore ho jala Jonagold ho lokela ho ba haufi le lifate tsa 2-3 tsa apole tsa mefuta e sa tšoaneng ea pollinator.
REFERENCE: Li-pollinator tse ntle tsa Jonagold ke Idared, Alkmene, Gloucester, Melrose, Spartan, Champion le Elstar.
Ho latela molao ona oa ho jala liapole, ho tla ba joalo, ha ba re, ka bongata.
Tlhaloso mefuta e sa tšoaneng Jonagold
Joale nahana ka ponahalo ea sefate le litholoana.
Mela lifate Jonagold hōla ka potlako.
Palo pakeng tsa makala le kutu e kholo.
Sapling e na le moqhaka o moholo oa oval, le nakong ea fruiting-round, sephahla, le makala a leketlile fatše.
Ho bona - litholoana tse botala bo botala, tse koahetsoeng ka bofubelu bo bofubelu ba Orange bo bofubelu.
Ntho e le 'ngoe apole e boima ka karolelano ea ligrama tse 180-250. Litholoana li pota, li theoha holimo, li boreleli esita le.
E ka 'na ea koaheloa ka mahlo a mafome. Nama e na le 'mala o monate oa tranelate, mongobo o motenya le monko o matlaseo mefuta e fapa-fapaneng e lokelang ho batsoali ba sona.
Liapole tsa Jonagold li na le 'mala o motle, etsa bonnete ba hore u sheba lifoto tse karolong e latelang. Mefuta e sa tšoaneng ea lifate tsa apole le eona e ka ithorisa ka ponahalo e ntle: Orlovsky pula-maliboho, Aromatny, Screen, Early Red le Southern.
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Histori ea ho hlahisa
Mefuta e sa tšoaneng e hlahile linaheng tse kopaneng tsa Amerika ka 1943. Joale mefuta e sa tšoaneng Jonathan le Golden Delicious ba ile ba tšela.
Ho bona Jonagold o ile a e fumana 'mala o khanyang le monate monate tatso. Ho beleha ho tlohetse matšoao a eona a feto-fetohang ea apole ea mefuta ena e sa tšoaneng, eo re tla e bua ka thoko.
Khōlo ea tlhaho sebakeng seo
Mefuta e mengata ha e mamelle nako e telele ea serame, kahoo ha e loketse ho hōla sebakeng se batang ka serame se feteletseng.
Jonagold - Apple Tree komello e mamelloang, o ikutloa a phutholohile sebakeng sa mocheso o futhumetseng le o mofuthu, moo o metang hantle mme o tlisa chai e ngata.
Hape bakeng sa ho lema libakeng tse nang le mocheso o futhumetseng, mefuta e latelang e loketse: Augustus, Papirovka, Malinovka, Yandykovsky le Quinti.
Tlisa
Sefate sa Apple se qala beha litholoana ka lilemo tse 2-3. Ho fihlela lilemo tse leshome tsa kotulo likarolo tse 10-15 lik'hilograma ka selemo'me ka lilemo tse leshome le metso e' meli e fihla ho 40-55 kilogramme ka selemo.
Ka kakaretso, sena chai e ngata. Litholoana li kotuloa ka September, ha li fumana bofubelu ba pinki. Ho phatloha ka ho feletseng ho finyelloa nakong ea polokelo.
Ha u le tseleng, u boetse u lokela ho boloka liapole hantle haeba u batla ho thabela litholoana tse ncha esita le mariha. Kamora ho kotuloa hang-hang u phomole ntho e 'ngoe le e' ngoe ka sehatsetsing kapa ka tlaase. Koahela apole ka 'ngoe pampiring.
Beha liapole ka setsing se hloekileng, se omeletseng, se nang mongobo, tse kang lebokose la lehong kapa basketball ea polasetiki.
Ka hona, lijalo li bolokoa kamoreng e ka tlaase. Ka linako tse ling liapole li koahetsoe ka boka ba bokahoa ho sireletsa khahlanong le tse senyang lijalo.
Ho lema le ho hlokomela
Hona joale re hlokomela melao ea ho lula Jonagold.
U ka hloma lifate tsa apole selemo kapa hoetla pele serame.
Mobu o lokela ho ba e hlephileng le e nonneng.
Ka mohlala, ho tšoana le bakeng sa litapole.
Jonagold o rata letsatsi haholo.
BOHLOKOA: Sebaka sa ho lulisa se tlameha ho ba se bulehileng, ho se na mekoallo ea letsatsi.
Ha u boloka melao ea ho lema, u tla potlakisa ho fetola sefate mobu.
Latela algorithm e bonolo:
- Pele o lema, cheka lesoba le bophara ba limithara tse 1 le botebo ba 70 cm. E ka tlaase e lokela ho ba boima ho 20-25 cm.
- Tšela mobu o nonneng o nang le menontsha ea diminerale ka halofo ea bophahamo ba sekoting.
- Beha semela e le hore sebaka sa mahlahisoa se be le 5-8 cm holimo ho mobu oa mobu.
- Atolosa metso ea eona ebe oe koahela ka mobu o nonneng.
- Fokotsa mobu 'me u tšollele metsi ka tekanyo ea 30-50 litres. Nakong e tlang, metsi a noa metsi haholo sefate ebe o hlokomela likarolo tse seng kae tsa bohlokoa tsa tlhokomelo.
Bakeng sa lihlahisoa tse ngata, hopola tse latelang:
- Ho jala Jonagold e lokela ho ba haufi le limela tse ntle tsa phofo;
- Ho phekola tse senyang liapole (li thathamisitsoe karolong e latelang);
- Hape hape: nosetsa lifate ka mokhoa o fokolang;
- Etsa likokoana-hloko selemo le selemo ka March-April.
BOHLOKOA: Ho fa lifate tse nyenyane ha hoa bohlokoa - li ka 'na tsa lieha ka fruiting. Ha o pruning lekala le nang le bophara ba lisenthimithara tse 1, tlotsa sehiloeng ka sekontiri sa serapa le heteroauxin. Khaola likala hamolemo ho chesa ka ntle ho serapa e le hore likokoanyana li se ke tsa ata. U se ke ua sebelisa pruner!
Maloetse le tse senyang lijalo
Tlhokomelo ea tlhokomelo ke boloetse ba likokoana-hloko le ho kula.
Ka nako e ts'oanang, ho loketse ho ela hloko mathata a kang hlaba, kankere, ho chesa monilial. Ho tseba sena, nahana esale pele ka ho reka lithethefatsi tse hlokahalang ho sireletsa khahlanong le maloetse.
Ha e le tse senyang lijalo, li-apple, li-moth, litholoana tsa litholoana, hammoho le litlolo le li-hawk, hangata li sokeloa ke lifate tsa apole. Nka mehato e mengata ea thibelo, eo re e hlalosang ka ho qaqileng lihloohong tse fapaneng.
Melao ena e bonolo ho latela, empa e tla u thusa hore u fihle lihlahisoa tse ngata.
Liapole tsa Jonagold li ntle haholo lipalangoang le polokelo e telele.
Ha u li bokella ka September, o ka li boloka ka sehatsetsing - joale u ka thabela litholoana tse butsoitseng hantle ho fihlela ka la-april selemong se tlang.
Empa ho molemo ho ja liapole tse hloekileng pele ho mariha, ha li ntse li tletse li-vithamine.
Ba rekisa ba tla ka January. Liapole tsa tse fapa-fapaneng li etsa li-compotes tse monate, lero le litapole tse mashed.
Sheba video ena ka litlhahiso tse tla thusa ho khethoa ha lipeo ha u reka le tlhahisoleseding mabapi le li-stocks.
