Streptocarpus (Streptocarpus) ke semela se hahabang, se tsebahalang ka lipalesa tse ngata tse thunyang le inflorescence ea pele e tšoanang le tšepe e phahameng ka sebopeho. Ke oa lelapa la Gesneriev ebile ke setho se haufi sa li-warts tsa Uzambara. Empa ha ho bapisoa le bona, ho thata haholoanyane ebile ha ho inehele ha motho a tsamaea, e leng ho eketsang libapali har'a balemi ba lirapa le barati.
Tlhaloso ea streptocarpus
Sebakeng, li-streptocarpuse li fumanoa ka mokhoa oa li-epiphytes kapa lithophytes tse holang limela tse ling kapa libakeng tse majoe. Baemeli ba bona ba ile ba sibolloa ka lekhetlo la pele ke James Bowie ka 1818 sebakeng se ka lithabeng sa profinseng ea Cape ka boroa ho Afrika, moo lebitso la bobeli le tsoang teng - primrose ea Cape.
Hangata li ferekanngoa le li-violet tsa kahare ka lebaka la sebopeho se ts'oanang:
- rhizome e nang le makhasi a sefate e ka holimo mobung ebe e feta e leenya ntle le kutu;
- botlaaseng ho qala rosette ea makhasi a oval a nang le boea, a velvet hanyane;
- ka mahlakoreng a lekhasi le leng le le leng ke li-inflorescence tse nang le lipalesa tse 'maloa tsa tubular;
- palesa e na le mahlaku a mahlano a 'mala o itseng,' me e bophara ba 2-10 cm;
- ka lebaka la phofshoana, o fa litholoana ka mokhoa oa pitsa e sothehileng e nang le lipeo tse ngata kahare.
Hape bala sengoloa se ka phapusing ea violet kapa senpolia.
Ho na le mefuta e 'maloa ea streptocarpuses:
- Makhasi ha a ts'oaroe, a be le rosette ea makhasi a mabeli kapa ho feta botlaaseng. Kamehla ke li-perennial, tse atileng haholo ebile li tsebahala ho tlhahiso ea lijalo tsa lapeng.
- Univalent - e na le lekhasi le le leng le hola ka kotloloho ho tsoa motso, hangata e le kholo haholo. Li-monocarpic, li shoa hang kamora ho thunya le peo e behiloeng. Mefuta ea perennial e hlahisa poleiti e ncha ea lipampiri hang hoba e tsofale.
- Baemeli ba li-stem ba khetholloa ke kutu e boletsoeng e fetoha le maemo e thata. Li thella fatše mme li le ngata, li thunya ka 'mala o monyane.
Ba qala ho thunya ho tloha ka April ho fihlela hoetla, empa ka tlhokomelo e nepahetseng ba ka thabisa buds nako efe kapa efe ea selemo.
Mefuta le mefuta e fapaneng ea streptocarpus
Streptocarpus e arotsoe ka subspecies tse ngata tse fapaneng ka sebopeho, sebopeho, 'mala oa makhasi le inflorescence. Lihlopheng tsa tlhaho tse fapaneng, 'mala oa lipalesa o na le' mala o moputsoa kapa oa bopherese, ha a 'ona a hybrid a fapana ka tsela e fapaneng.
| Mofuta / mefuta | Makhasi | Lipalesa |
| Tlhaho | ||
| Rex Royal (rexii) | Moriri, botala bo bobebe, ho fihla ho 25 cm ka 5 cm, bo bokaneng ka soketeng. | Meroalo e nang le metsero e pherese kahare, hangata e etsisoa. Diameter ho fihlela ho 2,5 cm, protrude 20 cm ka holimo ho mobu. |
| Rocky (saxorum) | E bobebe, 25 ho isa ho 30 mm, e oval hape e sa tloaelehang moriri. E fumaneha ho li-stems tse feto-fetohang ho fihlela ho bolelele ba 45 cm. | Khoele e 'mala o pherese e nang le bohare bo bosoeu ba lehloa. E kholo ho feta makhasi. Thunya likotoana tse 'maloa ho li-peduncle, ho fihlela ho 7 cm. |
| Wendland (wendlandii) | Eona feela, e fihla ho 60 ka 90 cm, e pente e pherese ka tlase. O shoa ka mor'a ho thunya selemong sa bobeli sa bophelo. | E bopehileng joaloka sebopeho, boputsoa bo boputsoa bo nang le methapo e lefifi kahare, ho fihla ho cm cm. Likotoana tsa 15-20 li hlophisitsoe ka lithupa tse sa koaeloang tse tšoanang le makhasi a fern. |
| Bosoeu-lehloa (Emperus) | E boreleli, e botala bo lefifi, ho fihla ho 15 ka 45 cm ka boholo. | E mengata, e tšoeu, e nang le makhasi a tranelate kapa a 'mala o mosehla, mela e pherese. 25 limilimithara tse telele. |
| E kholo (grandis) | E le 'ngoe, e fihla ho 0.3 ka m 0,4 m. | Karolong e kaholimo ea kutu ho fihlela ho bolelele ba 0.5 m, inflorescence ea morabe. 'Mala o pherese e pherese e nang le pharynx e lefifi le molomo o mosoeu o mosoeu. |
| Palesa e putsoa (cyaneus) | Rosette, botala bo bobebe. | Violet pinki, e nang le metsero e mosehla e bohareng le e pherese. Ho bokelloa li-buds tse 2 ka stalk ho fihlela li 15 cm. |
| Primrose (polyanthus) | Feela, e boreleli, ho fihlela ho 0,3 m bolelele, e koahetsoe ka qubu e tšoeu. | Palese e putsoa e putsoa e nang le setsi sa 'mala o mosehla, ho fihlela ho 4 cm ka boholo, e tšoana le senotlolo sa sebopeho. |
| Johann (johannis) | Green fleecy, 10 ka 45 cm. Hola ka rosette. | Nyane, ho fihlela 18mm bolelele. Blu-pherese e nang le setsi se khanyang. Ho fihlela likotoana tse 30 ka stem e otlolohileng. |
| Canvas (holstii) | Metsoana e fofang le e bonolo e fihla halofo ea mitha, makhasi a loileng, 40-50 limilimithara ka 'ngoe, li katane ho tsona. | Pherese, e nang le mothapo o mosoeu oa corolla, e ka ba 2,5 cm cm. |
| Glandulosissimus (glandulosissimus) | Tala e lefifi, oval. | Ho tloha lefifing le lefifi ho ea pherese. E lutse ho li-peduncle ho fihlela 15 cm. |
Primrose (primulifolius) | E koetsoe, e koahetsoe ke moriri o harelaneng. | Eseng ho feta likotoana tse 4 holima lithupa tsa 25 cm. Mmala ho tloha tšoeu ho pherese e pherese, o nang le matheba le metsero. |
| Dunn (dunnii) | Makhasi a le mang feela a khanya haholo, hoo e ka bang ntle le petiole. | Bokhubelu bo bofubelu, bo hahelletsoeng fatše, bo lutse holim'a kutu ea 25 cm. Li thunya ka nako e khuts'oane (bohareng ba lehlabula le morao). |
| Pickaxe (kirkii) | Nyane, bolelele ba 5 cm le bophara ba 2,5-3 cm. | Inflorescence e tlase, eseng e fetang 15 cm, e na le sebopeho sa sekhele le 'mala o pherese oa lilac. |
| Sebaka se nyalisitsoeng | ||
| Ice Ice | Tala e lefifi, e tšesaane ebile e telele. | Khanya e nang le methapo e putsoa e putsoa e thunya selemo ho pota. |
| Albatross | E lefifi, e chitja hape e nyane. | Bosoeu ba lehloa, holim'a lithunthung tse phahameng. |
| Corps de ballet (Chorus Line) | E putsoa, e phahameng. | Terry, e nang le masela a pherese a bosoeu bo bosoeu. |
| Maheta | Rosette ea makhasi a 'maloa a malelele. | Lilac e nang le metsero e lefifi le methapo, lits'oantšo tsa serapeng. |
| Ntsu e ntšo | Oval, botala bo bobebe. | Velvety, violet e lefifi, e nang le letsoapong ka bopherese bo bosootho le li-ruffy, ho fihlela bolelele ba 8-9 cm. |
| Phororo ea metsi | Metsoako e metenya, setsi se boreleli, se tšesaane ebile sea holima. | Li-petals tse holimo ke li-violet le wavy, tse tlase li na le likhoele le boputsoa ba pherese. Hoo e ka bang cm cm 7-8, ho fihlela likotoana tse 10 ho kutu ka ngoe. |
| Mokha oa Hawaii | E hlobetsoe, e theoletsoe fatše. | Terry pinkish e nang le tepo e khubelu ea veine le matheba. 5-6 cm ka 'ngoe, thutong e telele. |
| Margarita | E koaetsoe fatše, fleecy, le metshetshe ea wavy. | Heke, ho fihla ho 10 cm, e kholo ea veine hue hape e na le mepopotlo e meholo. |
| Palesa ea Pandora | Rosette, e kholo. | Violet e nang le metsero e lefifi le moeli o bobebe oa leseli, o nang le maqhubu a maholo a likhahla. |
Tlhokomelo ea streptocarpus lapeng
Primrose ea Cape ha e ratehe ho feta tlokotsi ea ka tlung. Ho e hlokomela lapeng ho kenyelletsa ho khetha ho beoa hantle, ho netefatsa mongobo o lekaneng moeeng le mobung.
| Ntlha | Nako | |
| Selemo / lehlabula | Ho oa / mariha | |
| Sebaka / Mabone | Ho hlokahala leseli le phatlalehileng le khanyang ntle le mahlaseli a letsatsi a tobileng. Ho loketse ho beha palesa ka lifensetere, likhalase kapa li-loggias tse shebileng bophirima kapa bochabela. | Beha pitsa haufi le boroa. Haeba ho na le khaello ea motšehare, sebelisa motšehare kapa li-phytolamp ho eketsa lihora tsa motšehare ho fihlela lihora tse 14. |
| Mocheso | Optimum + 20 ... +27 ° C. Qoba mocheso o feteletseng, likamore tse tsoang moea o mong le o mong hangata. | Ho qala ka Mphalane, butle butle fokotsa mocheso. Moeli o lumelloang ke +14 ... +18 ° C. |
| Mongobo | Hoo e ka bang 65-70%. Khafetsa khafetsa ho potoloha metsi, o ka sebelisa sesepa se mongobo, moss kapa moholi oa coconut ka pane. Kamora ho hlatsoa ha lehlabula, omella feela moriting. | U se ke oa hlola o hlola o feta hanngoe ka beke. Qoba mongobo lipalesa le makhasi. Arohane le lintho tse futhumatsang moea tse omisang moea. |
| Ho nosetsa | Ka pheletsong ea pitsa ka matsatsi a mang le a mang a mabeli, hora kamora ho hula metsi ho tsoa pane. U ka se tšollele palesa. Pakeng tsa nosetso, lefats'e le lokela ho omella cm cm 2-4. Mokelikeli o lokela ho khethoa hore o hloekisoe kapa o lokisoe ka mocheso oa kamore. | Ho tloha bohareng ba hoetla sehiloeng. Etsa bonnete ba hore substrate ha e omelle (ho fumana tint e khubelu), 'me ha ho na ho sisinyeha ha mongobo ho eona. |
Ka tlhokomelo e nepahetseng, ho hola primrose e tsoang Profinseng ea Cape ho tla beha litholoana ka tsela e tlokomang. Boholo ba subspecies, lipalesa li etsahala bohareng ba selemo, empa ho na le mekhelo, ho kenyelletsa le mefuta e thunya selemo ho pota.
Lipalesa tse lenngoeng li lokela ho tlosoa ka hloko ka thipa e bohale, joalo ka makhasi a omileng. Sena se tla tsosa ntjhafatso.
Ho lema le ho nka sebaka sa primrose ea Cape
Boholo ba li-cryptographs ke tsa mahlahahlaha. Ho boloka ponahalo ea bona ea lipalesa le bophelo bo botle, ha ho hlokahale tlhokomelo e nepahetseng feela, empa le transplants tse tloaelehileng
Pele o qala ts'ebetso, ho loketse ho khetha bokhoni le lefats'e le nepahetseng. Balemi ba lipalesa ba nang le boiphihlelo, eseng selemo sa pele sa temo, ba khetha ho ikemela ka ho iketsetsa motsoako oa mobu. Tabeng ena, ho molemo ho tlohela subicate ea acidic, 'me u sebelise metsoako e latelang:
- peat, mobu o makhasi, perlite kapa vermiculite le chopha sphagnum moss (2: 1: 0.5: 0.5);
- 3: 1: 2 Mobu oa makhasi, humus le peat crumb li sebelisoa ka makala a sithabetseng a birch (hoo e ka bang 20 g ho litara e le ngoe ea mobu);
- peat e hloekileng e tla hloka ho nosetsoa khafetsa, mme ka vermiculite ho 1: 1 tekanyo ena e ka qojoa;
- manyolo a makhasi, lehlabathe le mahoashe le turf 2: 1: 3 e loketse lipalesa tsa batho ba baholo.
Pitsa e lokela ho khethoa ka bophara le botebo, ho latela boholo ba semela. Ho bohlokoa ho hopola hore li-rhizomes li entsoe ka makala ebile li le holim'a metsi. Ho fetisetsa streptocarpus, o hloka ho khetha setshelo ka bophara ba cm cm makhetlo a mabeli ho feta se fetileng. Kwa tlase, ho tsamaisa phallo ea mongobo, 2 cm ea letsopa le atolositsoeng, litebele tsa litene tse khubelu kapa thepa efe kapa efe ea drainage e beoa.
Ho apara ka holimo
Karolo ea bohlokoa ka mokhoa o tšoanang bakeng sa ntlafatso ea streptocarpus ke manyolo a mobu oa eona. Ho fepa ho etsoa hantle beke e 'ngoe le e' ngoe:
- mathoasong a selemo, qala ho eketsa lintho tsa naetrojene ka metsing nakong ea nosetso ho lema botala (kholo ea Uniflor);
- nakong ea lipalesa, khetha litokisetso le phosphorus le potasiamo ho boloka botle ba buds (Uniflor-bud).
Ka nako e ts'oanang, litekanyetso li bontšitsoe ka har'a lipakete li lokela ho emisoa ho qoba ho tlola tekano. Ka ts'ebetso e nepahetseng, ho se sireletsehe ha palesa ho eketseha, kholo ea eona le nako ea lipalesa e eketseha.
Ho hlahisoa hape ha streptocarpus
Ho ikatisa ha tsona ho etsahala ka tsela tse latelang:
- Ho tsoa lipeo. Mokhoa ona o sebelisoa hangata ho hlahisa poone e nyalisitsoeng. Peo e lokela ho hasanngoa fatše, e le mongobo 'me e koahele ka filimi. Ho theha maemo a leholimo a futhumetseng, beha pitsa sebakeng se futhumetseng mme o phefumolohe ho lema makhetlo a 2 ka letsatsi bakeng sa metsotso e 20, o hlakola condensate. Kamora libeke tse peli, ha lipeo li hlaha, eketsa nako ea moea, le ho fetela ka mora ponahalo ea makhasi.
- Ho sebelisa moqomo o tsoang ho lekhasi. Tšela metsi a hloekisitsoeng kapa a pula ka khalase. Tšela lekhasi le sehiloeng ka khabone e sithabetseng ebe u e theola ka metsi ka cm 1-1,5. Ha metso e hlaha, kamora matsatsi a ka bang 7, qala ho jala.
- Ho tsoa likarolo tsa poleiti ea lakane. Tlosa mothapo o bohareng ho eona ebe o lema li-halves ka bobeli ka botebo ba 5 mm. Moisten fatse, koahele ka polyethylene le ventilate. Kamora likhoeli tse 'maloa, ha lipalesa tse nyane li mela, li ka lengoa. Sena se fella ka limela tse ling.
- Karohano ea morung. E loketse palesa ea motho e moholo ho tloha lilemong tse 2-3. Nakong ea selemo, li-rhizomes li hloka ho tlosoa mobung ebe li aroloa likarolo, ho ba hlokolosi hore li se senye. Haeba ho hlokahala, khaola moustara ka thipa, e alafa linoko ka khabone e sithabetseng. Arola "bana" ho lema le ho koaela ka lisebelisoa tse pepeneneng matsatsi a 'maloa.
Mathata ka ho eketseha ha lefu la ho ferekanya tsa lefutso la likokoana-hloko, likokoanyana, maloetse
Temo ea primrose ea Cape e ka tšoaetsoa ke mathata a mangata, ponahalo ea eona e ama boemo ba eona hampe.
| Ponahatso | Mabaka | Mehato ea ho lokisa |
| Hooha | Ho hloka mongobo. | Ho nosetsa ka nako. |
| Makhasi a mosehla le a oang | Ho haelloa ke limatlafatsi. | Fepa ka menontsha e rarahaneng. |
| Ha ho thunya, mmala o moputsoa le ho theola ho thellisang | Ho haelloa ke khanya, maemo a sa lokelang. | Ho netefatsa leseli le nepahetseng, mocheso, phetoho ea sebaka. |
| Koala pitsa. | Phapanyetsano le karohano ea li-rhizomes. | |
| Ho nosetsa ho hoholo. | Ho fokotsa sekhahla sa ho nosetsa, o hloka ho tlohella lefatše hore le ome. | |
| Ho omisa lipheletso tsa makhasi le buds | Moea o omileng. | Ho fafatsa metsi ho potoloha palesa. |
| Ha ho na sebaka se lekaneng ka pitseng. | Ho fetisoa | |
| Ho koahela mafome | Ho nosetsa ka matla. | Ho nosetsa ka seoelo. |
| Phepelo e ngata ea limatlafatsi. | Ho jala tikolohong ea peat, ho apara holimo ka mor'a libeke tse ling le tse ling tse peli. | |
| Makhasi a manyane ho fapana le lipalesa | Ho hloka leseli. | Ho ntlafatsa mabone, ho fihlela lihora tse 14 ka letsatsi. |
| Li-petioles tse ntšo | Mongobo o mongata ebile o pholile. | Sebaka se futhumetseng, ho nosetsa ka seoelo, o hloka ho omisa mobu. |
| Libala tse lerootho kapa 'mala o mosehla | Chesa ka mor'a letsatsi le chatsi. | Tlosa lehlakoreng la letsatsi, hlophisa hape ho lifensetere tse bobebe tse bonesitsoeng. |
Ho bohlokoa ho tseba ka likokoana-hloko tse ka sehloohong tse bakang maloetse a itseng a streptocarpus. Ho utloisisa sesosa sa lefu lena ho tla thusa kalafong ea sona e eketsehileng le ho nchafatsa palesa.
| Boloetse / likokoanyana | Ponahatso | Mehato ea ho lokisa |
| Root rot | Makhasi a makhopho a 'mala o sootho makhasi, metso e motšo e sootho. | Tlosa ka sejaneng, hlatsoa metso ebe u khaola likarolo tse ntšo. Soak semela se setseng ka 0,25 g ya manganese ka litha e le ngoe ea metsi. Jala ka setshelong ka substrate e ncha. Metsi likhoeli tse 4 ka tharollo ea 0,5% Skor, Bayleton, Maxim. |
| Grey bola | Makhasi a 'mala o bobebe, a bosootho bo mofuthu, a koahetsoeng ke palesa e bohlooho bo bobebe. Tsoha ka ho bata le ho phola. | Tlosa likarolo tse senyehileng, fafatsa linoko ka phofo ea mashala, tjhoko kapa sinamone. Tšela e kolobisitsoeng ka 0.2% Fundazole, Topsin-M. Haeba ho se na sephetho, e sebetse ka makhetlo a 2-3 le Horus, Teldor (ho latela litaelo). |
| Powdery hlobo | Makatsa matheba makhasi, lipalesa le lithunthung. | Hlatsoa lejoe ka lesela le nang le sesepa ka sesebelisoa sa soda, khaola libaka tse senyehileng haholo, 'me u fafatse ka molora oa patsi. Tšela lefatše Benlat, Fundazolom. U ka e pheta hape ka beke, ebe u eketsa libeke tse 3 tharollo e fokolang ea manganese. |
| Manonyeletso | Lithapo tsa silevera tse ka tlase ho pampiri, matheba a bobebe le lithutsoana tse ntšo. | Tlosa makhapetla a tsohle le makhasi a tšoaelitsoeng. Hlakola se setseng 'me u fafatse mobu ka Aktara, Spintor, Karate, le makhetlo a 2-3 ka beke. Bakeng sa matsatsi a 'maloa, thatela polyethylene, airing. |
| Sekhopha mite | Mohlomong li-cobwebs tse pepenang, ka lehlakoreng le fosahetseng ho na le matlapa a tsoang ho bona. | Tšela metsi hantle 'me u tsamaee matsatsi a' maloa ka tlasa polyethylene haufi le sekotlolo se nang le lieie e khabisitsoeng, konofolo kapa turpentine. Haeba e sa thusa, sebetsa makhetlo a 3-4 le Fitoverm, Apollo, Omayt, o fetola lithethefatsi. |
| Shield | Ho na le matheba a fapaneng a bokhubelu a masesaane lehlakoreng la methapo ea lekhasi. Ha nako e ntse e ea, lia eketseha ebile lia fifala. | - Nolofatsa kholo e 'ngoe le e' ngoe ka oli, asiti ea asetiki, parafine, 'me ka mor'a lihora tse' maloa ho tlosa likokoanyana. Kenya litlolo ho eiee ho isa libakeng tse amehileng. Beke le beke, nosetsa mobu khafetsa ka tharollo ea Admiral, Fufanon, Permethrin. |
| Whitefish | E shebahala joaloka tšoele e nyane, e lula ka hare ho leqephe ebe ea itsamaela ha e e ama. | Sebelisa theipi ea masking, fumigator ea likokoanyana. Pheta lisentimitara tse 'maloa tsa karolo e kaholimo. Fafatsa fatše ka infusion ea pepere, koae kapa mosetareta. Kapa u nke Fitoverm, Bitoxibacillin, Bankol. |
| Hoaba | Likokoanyana tse nyane tsa 'mala o motala, lejoe le khang holim' a semela le phetoho ea likarolo tsa eona. | Hlatsoa li-aphid ka borashe kapa boea ba k'hothone. Tšela likhaba tse omisitsoeng tsa lamunu le litlama fatše. Kapa sebelisa Biotlin, Fury, Iskra-Bio. |
| Weevil | Liroboto tse nyane tse senang 'mala o moputsoa, li ja makhasi a mathomo. | Etsa kalafo ka Fitoverm, Akarin, Actellic kapa sethethefatsi se seng se nang le kotsi, 'me u phete ka beke. |
Kahoo, matšoao a pele a lefu lena, ho bohlokoa ho ithuta semela ka hloko bakeng sa likokoanyana. Haeba e teng, ho bohlokoa ho khetholla streptocarpus e kula ho lipalesa tse sa bonoeng. Bakeng sa thibelo, e lumelloa ho ba tšoara ka Fitoverm, ho latela litaelo.
