Zygopetalum - semela se tsoang kantle ho naha se chesang le Amerika Boroa. Mofuta ona oa lelapa la Orchid o kenyelletsa mefuta e 14. Palesa e tsebahalang haholo Brazil.
Tlhaloso le Litšobotsi
Semela se na le makhasi a koetsoeng ka malebela a bohale a koaheletsoeng ka methapo e melelele. Nakong ea lipalesa, ho theoa kutu ka bolelele ba 60 cm, eo ho eona ho nang le inflorescence ea li-buds tse 12 (ho feta ho poone e nyalisitsoeng). Li bula lipalesa tse kholo ka monko o matla. Boholo ba inflorescences ke li-visualgated, li pentiloe ka bopherese le boputsoa bo botala ka li-inclusions tse tšoeu, likharetene tsa monophonic ha li sa tloaeleha. Lipalesa li nka libeke tse 9.
Karolo e haufi le lefats'e ea kutu, pseudobulb, oval, e hola ho isa ho 6 cm ka bolelele. E pota-potiloe ke makhapetla a makhasi a tlase, a shoang ha zygopetalum e hola.
Mefuta
Ho na le mefuta ea 14 e ka sehloohong le mefuta e mengata e nyalisitsoeng. Bahlahisi ba lula ba hlahisa motsoako o mocha oa hybrid orchid.
| Sheba | Feature |
| Luisendorf | E lekantsoe le monko oa eona o monate o monate. E thunya ka likhoeli tse 3, litlhare li sootho ka burgundy sootho ka botala bo botala. Buds ka stalk e le 'ngoe ho fihlela likotoana tse 8. |
| Moengele o moputsoa | Mmala oa li-inflorescences tse putsoa tse nang le matšoao a lilac le li-splashes tsa tranelate. Ho thata ho hlokomela mefuta-futa. Monko o tšoana le monko oa pepere e ntšo. |
| Trozi putsoa | Lipalesa tsa makhasi li telele, lipalesa li le putsoa-boputsoa bo bosoeu kapa bosoeu ho tala ea burgundy. Lipale li fapane, li tloha ho tse nyane ho ea ho tse nyane. |
| Mackay | Epiphyte, e chabile ka linako tsohle tsa selemo. Lipalesa li boreleli, li botala bo bosootho bo bosootho bo sootho, 'me molomo o tšoeu ka matheba a bofubelu. |
| Maxillare | Inflorescences e sootho ka moeli o motala, molomo o fetoha 'mala o pherese kapa o mosoeu. |
| Maculatum | Lettuce matlapa a nang le matheba a chokolete. Molomo o mosoeu o koahetsoe ka lichapo tse pherese. |
| Pabstia | Mefuta e meholo ka ho fetisisa, e bolelele ho isa ho 90 cm. Buds ho fihla ho 10 cm ka bophara. |
| Pedicellatum | E na le molomo o mosoeu o mosoeu, o koahetsoeng ka matheba a lilac. |
| Microfitum | E thunya nako e telele ho feta mefuta e meng. Bophahamo ha bo feta 25 cm. |
| Shaggy | Inflorescence e monko o monate, e nang le mahlaseli a botala bo khanyang ba wavy. Molomo o koahetsoe ka lichapo tse telele tsa "strip". |
| Alana khan | Lihlahla li kholo, li pentiloe ka moriti oa chokolete. Molomo o sephara, o pherese botlaaseng, o mosoeu ka matheba a pherese ka tlase. |
| Arthur elle lejoehurst | Lipeo ke 'mala o lefifi ka' mala, 'me karolo e ka tlase ea palesa e burgundy e nang le moeli o mosoeu. |
| Boloi ba Merlin | E fapana ka 'mala o motala o motala oa li-inflorescence le libaka tse kopanyang tsa chokolete. |
Tlhokomelo ea Zyzygopetalum lapeng
| Maemo | Selemo | Hlabula | Oele | Mariha |
| Mabone | E robehile, ka fensetere e ka bophirima. | Hole le lifensetere (kapa moriti). | Fensetere ea boroa kapa bophirima, moriti qalong ea nako ea selemo. | Fesetere ea boroa, ha ho hlokahala, bonesa mabone a UV. |
| Mocheso | Motšehare + 20 ... +22 ° C, bosiu + 16 ... +18 ° C | Motšehare + 24 ... +25 ° C, bosiu + 18 ... +19 ° C | Motšehare + 18 ... +21 ° C, bosiu + 13 ... +16 ° C | Motšehare + 18 ... +21 ° C, bosiu + 13 ... +16 ° C |
| Mongobo | 70-90% | Eseng ka tlase ho 60%, sebelisa jenereithara ea mouoane. | 70-90%, ha a sa lumelle ho theoha hoa mocheso (ho bola hoa khoneha). | 60-90%, ho khothalletsoa ho tlosa pitsa ho betri kapa ho kenya sejana sa metsi haufi le eona. |
| Ho nosetsa | Ho nosetsa hang ka matsatsi a mabeli. | Ho fafatsa hoseng, ho nosetsa kamehla. | Ka matsatsi ohle a 2-3. | Ha bokaholimo ba mobu bo oma. |
| Ho apara ka holimo | Makhetlo a 1-2 ka beke. | Makhetlo a 2 ka beke. | Hang ka mor'a libeke tse ling le tse ling tse peli. | Hang ka khoeli. |
U hloka ho nosetsa semela ka ho kenya pitsa ka metsing, kaha mokelikeli o senya makhasi a orchid. Sejana se lokela ho bolokoa ka metsing metsotso e 15, ebe se phahamisoa 'me se lumelloe ho tšollela tse ngata. Metsi a lokela ho futhumala, eseng ho bata + 18 ° C.
Ho sa tsotelehe nako ea selemo, sesepa se futhumetseng se hlokahala makhetlo a 2 ka khoeli. Ha o apara ka holimo, o ka sebelisa manyolo a naetrojene, potasiamo le phosphorus.
Ho lema, ho lema, pitsa, mobu
Semela se batla motheong oa katse, ka khetho e mpe ea mobu e hola hanyane ka hanyane kapa metso ka metso. Kamora ho reka, zygopetalum e hloka ho fetisetsoa mobung o loketseng haholoanyane.
Motsoako oa lipalesa o lokela ho ba le likarolo tse latelang ka karolelano ea 2: 3: 3: 2:
- makhapetla a maholo a boholo ba phaene (lera le ka tlase holim'a letsopa le holisitsoeng);
- makhapetla a phaene a karolo e bohareng (mokato o kaholimo);
- peat (kopanya le makhapetla a mahareng a phaene);
- sphagnum moss (khaba hantle 'me u e eke ka likarolo tse peli tsa karolo e ka tlase).
Haeba re nka e le motheo oa ho bala pitsa ea litara e le 'ngoe, ho e tlatsa u tla hloka 200 ml ea makhapetla a maholo, 300 ml ea peat le bark e boholo bo bohareng, 200 ml ea moss.
Bark e ka sebelisoa eseng phaene feela, empa le lifate tse ling tsa coniferous (larch, spruce, kedare).
Kaha moemeli enoa oa Orchids o bola habonolo metso, ho bohlokoa ho tlosa mongobo o feteletseng. Koena e loketse sena. E hloka ho eketsoa ka mobu o ka tlase. Sebakeng sa motsoako o bonts'itsoeng, o ka sebelisa mobu o entsoeng hantle bakeng sa limela tsa orchid.
Ha u lema, ha ho hlokahale hore u cheke palesa e tebileng ka mobung, li-pseudobulbs li lokela ho lula holimo. Li bola habonolo, hang ha li le mobung. Ho khothalletsoa ho sebelisa pitsa e pepeneneng ho lekola boemo ba metso.
Ho lema ha hoa lokela ho etsoa hang hang ka selemo, ho seng joalo semela se tla pona. Ho tla hlokahala matla a macha ha ho hlaha letlobo le lecha la 3-5 kapa metso ea methapo. Haeba peduncle e qala ho ba teng, o lokela ho ema ho fihlela nako ea lipalesa e fela.
Lipalesa tse koahelang
Ho thunya ha zygopetalum ho nka likhoeli tse peli ho isa ho tse tharo. Ka linako tse ling inflorescence ha e thehe: sena se bakoa ke maemo a mabe kapa bofokoli ba semela. Palesa ea lipalesa e hlaha ho letlobo le lecha ha e hola hoo e ka bang halofo. Ha li e-so etse pseudobulb.
Ha likhahla tsa inflorescence li oela kapa li omme, ho hlokahala ho khaola peduncle. Ho tloha motsotso ona, nako ea phomolo e qala. Ka nako ena, semela se khutlisitsoe, 'me ho hlokahala ho mo fa maemo a nepahetseng. Ho fokotsa ho nosetsa, nako le nako fafatsa topsoil ka metsi a futhumetseng. Tsamaisa pitsa ka phapusing e futhumetseng, e futhumatsang moea ka hare ho + 13 ... +18 ° C. Phokotso ea mocheso oa letsatsi le letsatsi e lokela ho ba lipakeng tsa +4 le +5 ° C. Ha palesa e fana ka lithunthung tse ncha, u ka e khutlisetsa maemong a fetileng a litlamong.
Haeba sethopo sa fatše se se se thehiloe motheong oa letlobo le lecha, ha ua lokela ho lebella hore lipalesa selemong sena.
Ho tsala
Zygopetalum e ngata ka karohano. Ho lekane ho arola rhizome le ho lema likarolo tsa sephetho ka lijaneng tse fapaneng. Algorithm e sebetsang hantle:
- Sutumelletsa mahlaseli fatše, ho hlakile hore ho na le karolo e ka tlas'a lefatše. U ka e hlakola ka metsi, empa ka mor'a moo u lokela ho e omisa.
- Tlosa metso e omileng kapa e bolileng.
- Arola semela ka likarolo tse 'maloa. Karolo ka 'ngoe e lokela ho ba le bonyane bulbs tse peli.
- Omella ka ho kenya palesa ka makala a khabisitsoeng.
- Likotoana tsa peo ho moss-sphagnum. Emela ponahalo ea lits'ebetso tse ncha, letsatsi le leng le le leng o kolobisang substrate.
Ho jala peo ho etsoa feela tikolohong ea indasteri. Ho thata haholo ho hlahisa peo e nepahetseng lapeng.
Liphoso le ho felisoa ha tsona
Zygopetalum ke semela sa moody, haeba se hlokometsoe hantle lapeng, e ka qala ho bola, e omella kapa e hola butle. Haeba matheba kapa makhapetla a bolileng a hlaha makhasi, ho hlokahala hore a phakise ho o thusa.
| Bothata | Lebaka | Tharollo |
| Lirosa ha li thehe. | Boemo bo fokolang ba lipalesa, ho futhumatsa moea ho hoholo, ho se be le khanya ea letsatsi. | Fana ka semela le nako e loketseng ea momone. |
| Li-buds tse nyane tse kholoang. | Khanya e ngata ea letsatsi, e futhumatsa. | Tlosa pitsa ho tloha windowsill, fokotsa mocheso oa moea ho + 20 ... +22 ° C. |
| Makhasi a khoheli. | Ho hloka mongobo. | Lekola boemo ba substrate, mongobo ha e oma. Kenya terata e nang le mongobo kapa metsi haufi le semela. |
| Ponahalo ea matheba a matšo makhasi. | Mokelikeli o mongata. | Emisa mongobo oa mobu. Haeba ho na le bola, fetisetsa zygopetalum ka pitseng e ncha, o tlosa metso e bolileng. |
Mafu le likokonyana, mehato ea ho li loantša
| Boloetse kapa disenyi | Tlhaloso | Tharollo |
| Powdery hlobo | Lejoe le bonolo la makhasi le tint e pherese e boreleli. | Fungicides Alirin kapa Quadris ka khefu ea beke ho fihlela lejoe le fela. Quadris ha e khothalletsoe ntle le lisebelisoa tsa ts'ireletso. |
| Ho bola | Matheba a lefifi a hlahang ka lebaka la likokonyana kapa naetrojene e ngata mobung. | Tlosa sesosa sa lefu lena, ebe o eketsa Trichodermin mobung. |
| Grey bola | Mebala e sootho makhasi, e tloha likarolong tsa khale tsa semela ho ea ho ea hlaha. | Tlosa likarolo tse amehang tsa semela, ka mongobo o feteletseng oa mobu, o e fetisetse ka sejaneng se secha. Ts'ebetso le Trichodermin, Alirin kapa Quadrice. |
| Anthracnose | Libala tse lefifi, qetellong li koahetsoe ka hlobo ea pinki. | Fetolela semela ka pitseng e ncha, o tlosa makhasi a amehang. Matsatsi a 2-3 ha se nosetse lipalesa. E phekole ka Quadrice. |
| Li-snails le li-slugs | Makala a makhasi a amanang le ts'ebeliso ea kantle kapa terata. | Tšoara le Mesurol, khutlisetsa semela ka tlung. |
| Sekhoha sa mite | Li-cobwebs tse nyane holima lithupa. | Tšoara orchid ka shaweng e futhumetseng, ebe e sebetsa le Fitoverm Pheta makhetlo a mabeli ka karohano ea matsatsi a 10. |
| Fusarium Fungi | Ho ts'oaroa ha likepe, ho omella le ho lora ha palesa. Ho roala pepere ea makhasi, ho nolofatsa ha sethibela. | Ntlafatsa maemo a chankaneng: eketsa mocheso ho + 18 ... +22 ° C, fokotsa ho nosetsa, ho fetola substrate. Phekola le Quadrice hangata ka matsatsi a 10-12 ho fihlela lefu le felisitsoe ka botlalo. |
