Meroho, joalo ka moetlo o fe kapa o fe, e hloka mesebetsi e etselitsoeng ho ts'ehetsa nts'etsopele ea eona, e 'ngoe e le kalafo ea selemo bakeng sa mafu le likokonyana. Hore ts'ebetso ena e atlehe, o tlameha ho sebelisa lisebelisoa tse nepahetseng, hape o ithute melao ea motheo bakeng sa ts'ebeliso ea bona.
Hobaneng ha o sebetsa fragole nakong ea selemo
Ho sebetsana le fragole ea selemo ho ts'ehetsa le ho thibela tlhaho ka bongata, hobane nakong ea ts'ebetso ha e khothalletsoe ho sebelisa lithethefatsi tse nang le chefo e le hore e se ke ea senya sejalo se tlang. Leha ho le joalo, ketsahalo ena ha ea lokela ho hlokomolohuoa, hobane kalafo ha e thibele feela ponahalo ea maloetse, empa e boetse e le manyolo a karolo e itseng bakeng sa lihlahla tsa fragola.
Lihlahisoa tsa fragola ea selemo
Ho na le palo e kholo ea mekhoa eo ka eona u ka sebelisang kalafo ea thibelo ea fragole nakong ea selemo.
Amonia
Amonia e tumme hara balemi ba lirapa mme hangata e sebelisoa e le prophylactic khahlano le likokonyana tse fapaneng (May larvae, ants) le fungi.
Amonia e ka sebelisoa eseng feela bakeng sa thibelo ea mafu a fragola, empa hape le moiteli
Karolo ea tharollo: sesepa sa ho hlatsoetsa (sengoathoana se le seng, 72%), botlolo ea ammonia (40 ml) le metsi (10 l). Boitokisetso bo ka tsela e latelang:
- Tšela sesepa ka grater ebe u tšela metsi a belang a fokolang.
- Kopanya sesepa e le hore e qhibilihe ka botlalo.
- Tšela noka e tšesaane ea tharollo ea sose ka nkhong ea metsi, o lula o tsoaka. Li-flakes tsa sopo ha lia lokela ho lula metsing.
- Kenya ammonia ho metsi a soapy le ho kopanya ntho e ngoe le e ngoe.
Tharollo e lokiselitsoeng e tlameha ho sebelisoa hang-hang, hobane ammonia e fetoha mouoane kapele. Ha ba tšolle makhasi a fragola feela ka ho nosetsa ka mouoane oa ho fafatsa, empa le fatše ho tlosa makhoaba a likokonyana.
Litlhokahalo tsa polokeho
Kaha ammonia ke ntho e nang le chefo, e ba hlokolosi ha u sebetsa le eona e le hore e se ke ea senya bophelo ba hau:
- Sireletsa sefahleho sa hau ka maske kapa phefumoloho, le matsoho ka liatlana tsa rabara. Leka hore u se ke oa siea libaka tse pepesitsoeng 'meleng;
- haeba ho khonahala, etsa mosebetsi ohle oa ho lokisa ka ntle. Ha o sebetsa ka tlung, bula lifesetere ho eketsa moea o kenang. Haeba u hlasela fragole ka sethopo sa limela, joale hape etsa sena ka mamati a bulehileng;
- haeba ammonia e fihla letlalong la hau, hlatsoa sebaka se amehileng ka sesepa le metsi. Haeba ammonia e kena kahare, joale u noe khalase ea lebese. Ikopanye le ngaka haeba ho hlokahala.
Phekolo ea thibelo
Phekolo ka tharollo ea ammonia e etsoa ka mekhahlelo e 'meli.
Pele o sebelisa manyolo a fe kapa a mang, fana ka bonolo ka mofuthu bethe ea fragola ka metsi a futhumetseng.
Etsa kalafo ea pele ho tloha mahareng ho isa bofelong ba April, hang hoba lehloa le qete.
- Haeba u sa tlose bethe ea serapeng hoetla, e hloekisoe makhasi a khale le mulch, hammoho le ho rema lihlahla.
- Ba alafa ka tharollo e lokiselitsoeng. Bakeng sa ho fafatsa, ho bohlokoa ho sebelisa sprayer e nang le libaka tse ngata tse bulehileng e le hore tharollo e tšolle kapele le joala bo se na nako ea ho fetoha mouoane.
Ts'ebetso ea bobeli e etsoa ho tloha bofelong ba Mots'eanong ho isa qalong ea Phuptjane, hang hang ka mor'a hore lipalesa li fragole. Bakeng sa tharollo, ho na le tlhokahalo e tlase ea ammonia - likhaba tse peli kapa tse tharo feela ka lithara tse 10 tsa metsi a futhumetseng. Tsamaiso e khothalletsoa mantsiboea kapa ha ho na maru a leholimo, e le hore a se ke a chesa makhasi. Ka kopo elelloa hore ka nako ea ho butsoa monokotsoai, ha ho khothalletsoe ho sebelisa tharollo e joalo, ka hona u se ke ua tsilatsila ho e etsa hape.
Blue vitriol
Copper sulfate ke sesebelisoa se theko e tlase ebile se sebetsang se sebelisitsoeng ka katleho ho thibela mafu a fragole (scab, grey bola, powdery hlobo, amabala), hammoho le taolong ea likokonyana. Bakeng sa merero ea prophylactic, ho sebelisoa tharollo ea peresente e le 'ngoe. Ho sebetsoa ho lokela ho etsoa pejana kapa bohareng ba Mphalane, ho fihlela makhasi a hlaha ka fragole.
Likristale tsa Copper sulfate li na le 'mala o moputsoa o khanyang.
Karolo ea tharollo: 100 g ea sulfate ea koporo, 10 l ea metsi. Lenane lena la linoko le lekane ho lokisa tharollo e etselitsoeng ho sebetsana le lihlahla tsa fragola tse 25-30. Etsa lithethefatsi ka tsela ena:
- Ka metsi a fokolang a chesang, empa eseng a belang, phofo e hlapolleloa ho fihlela e qhibiliha ka botlalo.
- Motsoako o hlahisitsoeng o ne o hlapolotsoe ka metsi a futhumetseng e le hore tharollo ea 10 l e fumanoe.
Sebelisa tharollo hang hoba u lokisetse. Haeba ho hlokahala, fafatsa fragole hape kamora libeke tse 2-3. Ho sebetsa ho etsoa mantsiboea kapa ha ho na maru, leholimo le khutsitse, e le hore le se ke la chesa makhasi a hlahang.
Sronate ea tšepe
Vitriol e boetse e sebelisoa ka katleho ke balemi ba lirapa ba bangata ho lema lirapeng tsa selemo. Ha e le molao, e sebelisoa e le sebolaya-mafu bakeng sa mobu holim'a libethe tsa fragola. Ka thuso ea sethethefatsi sena, ponahalo ea anthracnose, grey bola, leshano le powdery hlobo li ka thibeloa.
Likristale tsa sulfate ea tšepe li botala bo botala.
Motsoako oa tharollo bakeng sa kalafo ea mobu: 400 g ea phofo, 10 l ea metsi. Ka tharollo ena, ho hlokahala hore u sebetse serapeng matsatsi a 5-7 pele u lema lihlahla tsa fragola ho sona, u tšela lilithara tse 4-5 ka 1 hantle. Sesebelisoa se hlophisitsoe ka tsela e latelang:
- Powder e kenngoa ka litara e le 1 ea metsi a chesang ho fihlela granules li felisoa ka botlalo.
- Motsoako o hlahisoang o tsoakoa le metsi a chesang e le hore ho fumanoe tharollo ea 10 l.
Haeba u batla ho sebetsa lihlahla tse seng li lenngoe, u tla hloka tharollo ea khatello e tlase. Ho bohlokoa ho ba le nako ea ho lokisa pele ho hlaha makhasi a tala ho fragola, ka hona ts'ebetso ena e etsoa ho tloha qalong ho fihlela bohareng ba Mphalane.
Sebopeho: 30 g ea phofo, 10 l ea metsi, mokhoa oa ho lokisa o tšoana. Nosetsa lefatše ho pota lihlahla tsa fragola.
Metsi a belang
Joalokaha balemi ba lirapa ba hlokomela, ts'ebeliso ea metsi a belang ke mokhoa o ts'epahalang oa ho loantsha liboseleise, nematode le li-fungus tsa fungal.
Meroho e metala e phekoloa ka metsi a belang nakong ea ho tloha bofelong ba Hlakubele ho isa bohareng ba Mphalane, ha makhasi a matala a se a so hlahe lihlahleng.
- Fafatsa metsi a batang ho pheha.
- Ebe u e tšela ka sekontiri se metsi se batang se nang le metsi a ho hlatsoa.
- Ho nosetsa masimong. 0.5 l ea metsi e lekane sehlahla se le seng.
Se ke oa tšoha hore o tla chesa semela: ha metsi a kena ho eona, mocheso oa eona o tla ba 65-70 kaC, holim'a ho fihla metsong - 30 kaC.
Urea
Urea e tsejoa hamolemo e le manyolo a liminerale, empa e ka sebelisoa le ho phekola likarolo tsa fragole bakeng sa ho tlosa li-aphid, tinnitsa, weevils, hape le ho sireletsa lihlahla hore li se ke tsa bona letho le letsoai.
Urea e sebelisoa e le tšireletso khahlanong le likokonyana le mafu a fragole
Karolo ea tharollo: 30-40 g ea urea, 10 l ea metsi. Urea e kenelletsoa ka metsing ho fihlela e qhibiliha ka botlalo. Ho fafatsa hangata ho etsoa pele ho hlaha makhasi a tala - ho tloha qalong ho isa bohareng ba Mphalane.
Iodine
Iodine e sebelisoa ke meloko e fetang e le 'ngoe ea balemi ba lirapa e le prophylactic khahlano le phofo ea hlobo le mofuta oa May. Ho sebetsoa ho tloha bohareng ba bo-Mmesa ho isa mathoasong a May, kamehla pele ho palesa ea fragole.
Sebelisa iodine ha u sebetsa fragole ka hloko hore e se lematse semela
Karolo ea tharollo: Marotholi a 10 a iodine lita e le 1 ea lebese, lilitha tse 10 tsa metsi. Ho sebetsa ho etsoa hantle mantsiboea kapa ha ho le meteo.
Mehloli e meng e hlokomelisa hore tšebeliso ea iodine e ka ama hampe sebopeho sa mobu. Mosi oa eona o nang le chefo o boetse o ipokella semeleng ka boeona, ho kenyelletsa le litholoana, ka hona, o se ke oa etsa kalafo ea iodineine le ho apara ka holimo khafetsa mme o seke oa sebelisa tharollo e tebileng.
Video: Kalafo ea iodine ea Strawberry
Boric acid
Ka tloaelo, tharollo ea boric acid e sebelisoa ho thibela mafu a kang ho bola ha metso le bacteriosis. Ntle le moo, balemi ba lirapa ba sebelisang sesebelisoa sena ba re se thusa ho eketsa chai.
Ho sebelisoa ha boric acid ho eketsa chai ea fragola
Karolo ea tharollo: 1 g ea boric acid (phofo), 10 l ea metsi. Etsa tharollo ka tsela e latelang:
- Metsi a futhumetseng ho isa ho 60-70 kaC - li-granules ha li qhibilihe metsing a batang.
- Li-granules tsa boric acid li tšeloa ka sejaneng ebe li tsoakoa ka botlalo.
- Lihlahla li nosetsoa tlasa motso (300 ml ea tharollo e lekane semela se le seng) 'me u fafatse lefats'e ka molora o tšesaane oa molora.
Ho sebetsoa ho ka etsoa ho tloha bohareng ba Mphalane ho fihlela bohareng ba Mots'eanong.
Se ke oa ts'oaroa u sebelisa sesebelisoa sena: litsebi li hlokomela hore ho sebetsa khafetsa le ho apara holimo ho ka lebisa lefung la motso oa fragola le tšenyo makhasi (li fetoha mosehla ebe li fetoha bohareng).
Mefuta ea likokoanyana e lahlehileng le mehato ea taolo
Ho lokisa selemo sa fragole ho tla thusa ho sebetsana ka katleho le likokonyana tse ngata tsa serapeng.
Weevil
Weevil ke sejoang-leseling se jalang. Phokojoe ena e nyane e putsoa e khona ho baka tšenyo e kholo lijalong: Litsebi li re lihlahla tse anngoeng ke weevil li fa 40% litholoana tse nyane ho feta tse phetseng hantle.
Weevil e otla lipalesa tsa fragola, ka hona ho ba teng ha eona betheng ho ka sitisa semela ka botlalo
Meroalo ha e ame monokotšoai ka bo oona, empa lipalesa tsa lipalesa, ka hona, le mae a bomalimabe a ka se hlahe sehlahleng se tšoaelitsoeng.
Ho loants'a likokoanyana tsena sebelisa lisebelisoa tse latelang:
- Tharollo ea mosetareta (100 g ea phofo ea mosetareta e tsoakiloe le 3 l ea metsi a chesang);
- tharollo ea molora oa sesepa (40 g ea sesepa sa ho hlatsoetsa, ligrama tse 3 tsa molora le 10 l ea metsi li tsoakiloe);
- litokisetso tse khethehileng (Karbofos, Atellix, Metaphos).
U hloka ho etsa ts'ebetso makhetlo a mabeli:
- Nako ea pele ke nakong ea selemo, matsatsi a 5 pele ho qala lipalesa (hangata sena se etsahala bofelong ba Mots'eanong kapa mathoasong a June).
- Lekhetlo la bobeli - lehlabuleng la libeke tse peli tsa pele tsa June.
Video: Reahla fragole ea fragola
Tšoaetso
Hangata mefuta e meng ea limela ha e anngoe ke fragola le litoeba tsa sekho.
Strawberry mite
Mofuta ona oa disenyi o nyane haholo, ka hona o ka se lebellehe ho o lemoha ka lihlahla tsa fragola. Matšoao a latelang a paka boteng ba ona: ho phatsima ha makhasi le ho fumana ha tsona tint e tala, ho fokotsehile chai e ngata. Ntle le moo, lihlahla tse amehileng li felloa ke matla mme li ka se phele mariha.
Letšoao la ho senya sehlahla sa fragola se nang le fragola mite ke ho ba teng ha makhasi makhapetleng
Phekolo ea selemo ho tsoa ho pest ena ka mekhoa e fapaneng e etsoa ho tloha qalong ea April ho fihlela bohareng ba Mots'eanong:
- Metsi a belisitsoeng a phekoloa mathoasong a bohareng ba bo-Mphalane. Mocheso oa metsi a Optimum - 65 kaC, sekhahla sa phallo - 0.5 l ea metsi sehlahla ka seng.
- Ho fafatsa ka enose e kenelletseng ho kenella ho etsoa ho tloha bofelong ba April ho fihlela bohareng ba Mots'eanong, ha makhasi a hlaha ka fragole:
- soak 200 g ea onion ebola ka litara e le 1 ea metsi a belang mme o tsitlella matsatsi a 5;
- ebe o eketsa lilitha tse 9 tsa metsi a futhumetseng le lihlahla tsa ho fafatsa ho tsoa sethunya sa ho fafatsa, o ela hloko ka ho khetheha bokantle ba makhasi - leqhubu hangata le ipata moo;
- Kamora ho sebetsa, koahela bethe ka lihora tse 'maloa ka filimi;
- pheta kalafo makhetlo a 2-3 makhetlo ohle a 10.
- Ho sebetsoa ka litokisetso tse khethehileng (mohlala, Karbofos) ho etsoa ho fihlela fragole e qala ho thunya:
- lokisa moriana ho latela litaelo le ho lokisa lihlahla, ho kenyeletsa le lehlakore le kahare la makhasi;
- bakeng sa ts'ebetso e kholo, bethe e boetse e koahetsoe ka filimi.
Sekhopha mite
Joalo ka liboseleise tse ling, tepo ea sekho e nyane ka hona e batla e sa bonahale. Matšoao a ho senya sehlahla ke sebata sena ke boteng ba matheba a masoeu ka lehlakoreng la makhasi le sekho sa marang-rang se tlohang kutu ho fihlela makhasi. Ntle le moo, semela se fokolisa matla ebile se lahleheloa ke matla a ho hanela mafu a mang. Sena se kotsi ka ho khetheha hobane sekholopane ke sona se jereng tšoaetso (haholoholo, grey bola).
Ka lebaka la semela sa sekho, fragole e lahleheloa ke bokhoni ba ho hanela tšoaetso
Ts'ebetso ea selemo e etsoa ho tloha bohareng ba Mphalane ho fihlela bohareng ba Mots'eanong mme e kenyelletsa lits'ebetso tse latelang:
- Ho fafatsa ka tharollo ea karolo e le 'ngoe ea sulfate ea koporo.
- Ho sebetsa onion kapa infusion ea konofolo:
- khabeloa e khabisitsoeng hantle ea 100-200 g ea lieie kapa konofolo e tšeloa ka 10 l ea halefisoa ho isa ho 70 kaHo tsoa metsing;
- tsitlella mots'eare;
- ebe li fafatsa lihlahla ho tsoa ho sethunya sa ho fafatsa;
- koahela lihora tse 'maloa ka filimi;
- pheta kalafo makhetlo a eketsehileng a 2-3 matsatsi ohle a 10.
- Ho fafatsa ka tharollo ea li-husk tsa onion (tse lokisitsoeng ka tsela e ts'oanang le ea ts'ebetso khahlanong le mango ea fragola).
- Phekolo ea infusion ka pepere e chesang e khubelu:
- chopped 100 g ea pepere e omisitsoeng, tšela litara e le 1 tsa metsi a belang mme o tsitlella lihora tse 2-3;
- ebe u hlapolla lilithara tse 9 tsa metsi a futhumetseng;
- sebetsa shrub;
- koahela bethe ka lihora tse 'maloa ka filimi;
- etsa ts'ebetso ea makhetlo a 2-3 nako le nako ea matsatsi a 10.
- Ts'ebeliso ea Karbofos e khethehileng ea ho itukisetsa (likhothaletso li tsoana le khahlano le fragola mites).
Video: Ho sebetsana le fragole ho tsoa liboseleise
Pennitsa
Haeba foam e hlaha lihlahleng tsa hau, e ts'oanang le ho tšoela, ena ke sesupo sa hore fragole e anngoe ke pennies. Disenyi ha e nkoe e le kotsi haholo, empa boteng ba eona bo boetse bo lebisa ho fokolisang semela le ho fokotseha ha tlhahiso ea sona.
Ka boima ba foam ke lipeo tsa penny
Ho hlokahala hore u sebetse lihlahla nakong ea ho tloha qalong ea April ho fihlela bohareng ba Mots'eanong. Lisebelisoa tse joalo li loketse:
- potasiamo permanganate tharollo (qhala 5 g ea phofo ho 10 l ea metsi a futhumetseng ho fihlela ho 70 kaC)
- infusion ea konofolo (e lokiselitsoeng ebile e sebelisoa ho latela melao e akaretsang);
- boitokisetso bo khethehileng Karbofos (sebelisa ho latela litaelo).
Leka ho ela hloko ka morao makhasi, kaha lipene li ipatile moo.
Khethollo
Lihlahla tsa Strawberry hangata li na le bothata ba May. Lirosa tsa kokoanyana ena li lula mobung ebe li fepa ka metso ea fragole, ka hona semela sea fokola ebe sea omella, ho bolelang hore se fokotsa chai ea sona.
Mohlomong maleshoane a makhopho a phela mobung ka botebo ba 50-60 cm mme a senya metso ea fragola
Ho thibela sena, ho tloha bofelong ba Mmesa ho isa bohareng ba Mots'eanong, ho hlokahala hore re sebetse bethe. Bakeng sa ketsahalo ena, sebelisa lisebelisoa tse latelang:
- Amonia. Lokisetsa tharollo (thispone ea 0.5 ea ammonia + lilitha tse 10 tsa metsi) mme u qhaletse serapa hantle.
- Peel ea onion:
- tšela 100 g ea onion husks litara e le 1 tsa metsi a belang, hlapolla ka lilithara tse 9 tsa metsi a futhumetseng mme o tsitlelle matsatsi a 3-5;
- pele u sebetsa, hlapolla tharollo ka halofo ka metsi 'me u tšollele lihlahla tlas'a motso;
- Zemlin, Barguzin le lithethefatsi tse ling tse nang le diazinon - e le tsona feela likokonyana tsa mobu - ho latela litaelo.
- Mulching. Bakeng sa mulch, sebelisa sawdust kapa matlakala a makhasi a nang le cm e ka bang 5. Empa hlokomela hore mulching e etsoa feela ka sepheo sa ho thibela pelehi. Haeba ho na le likokonyana mobung, joale o lokela ho li senya pele, ebe o tšela mulch.
Video: Taolo ea likokoana-hloko tsa Maybug
Ts'ebetso ea selemo ea fragole ke ketsahalo ea bohlokoa e tla u thusa ho qoba mathata a mangata ka bophelo bo botle le kholo ea lijalo tsa hau. Haeba u latela malebela le likeletso tsohle u tla ipehela semela se boleng.
