Arzamas peō ea likhantsi: lisebelisoa tsa ho ikatisa lapeng

Ho phaella ho likhoho tse tloaelehileng tsa malapa, mapolasi a maholo le a maholo hoa utloahala ho hōlisa linonyana tse ling. Molemo o moholo o ka tlisa likhantsi tse ikatisang. E 'ngoe ea pele ka ho fetisisa,' me ka nako e le nngwe mefuta e meng ea bohlokoa ea lihoai ke lihoai tsa likhoho ke Arzamas.

Histori ea tsoalo

Li-gezzi tsa Arzamas ke tsa mefuta ea khale ka ho fetisisa - ho lumeloa hore li hlahile lekholong la XVII. Tumelo ea sena e ka fumanoa mehloling e fapaneng ea litsebi le mehleng ea batho.

Hlahloba mefuta ea likhantsi bakeng sa ho ikatisa malapeng.

Ponahalo ea bona e amahanngoa le tšimoloho ea lintoa tsa likhase, tseo linonyana tse tšoanang li neng li hlokoa ho tsona. Ho lumeloa hore mofuta ona o thehiloe ka lebaka la khetho ea li-gela tse matla ka ho fetisisa, 'me morero o ka sehloohong oa ho ikatisa ha oona e ne e le ho ba le bahlabani ba sebete le ba sebete, e ileng ea finyelloa.

Ho buuoa ka linonyana tsena ho fumanoa bukeng ea Ivan Abozin ea "Poultry Farming", e hatisitsoeng ka 1875. Mongoli o totobatsa ho tšoana ha bona le likhantši tsa Tula, empa ka nako e le 'ngoe a bolela hore Arzamas e kholoanyane le e matla haholo.

Libaka tsena tsa tsoalo li nkoa e le motse oa Arzamas, oo ho oona ho ileng ha e-ba le lebitso la oona. Litemaneng tsa lipaki tsa mahlo u ka fumana lintlha tsa hore likhantsi, tse hōlileng motseng ona, li tšoana haholo le li-swans ka boholo ba tsona le stator.

Ho tloha lekholong la XIX la lilemo feela, mefuta ena ea ntoa e ile ea qala ho tsoala joaloka nama, 'me e ile ea ipaka e le e ncha.

Na ua tseba? Likhase nakong ea molt li ke ke tsa fofa, 'me nako ea phetoho ea masiba e nka likhoeli tse tšeletseng.

Ka ntle

Nahana ka litšobotsi tse ka sehloohong tsa sekheo sena.

1. Mobala - E 'ngoe ea likarolo tse fapaneng tsa mefuta eo, kaha masiba a baemeli ba eona ke ahloa-lehloa.
2. Hlooho - tse nyenyane, tse pota-potileng; phatla le molala-kholo; mesifa ea setopo e ntlafalitsoe hantle.
3. Beak - e ka 'na eaba e loony, e theoha' me e na le sebopeho se otlolohileng. E kholo, karolong e ka tlase e entsoe ka 'mala oa lamunu,' me qetellong e fetoha manaka a tlou.
4. Mahlo - leholimo le leputsoa kapa le letšo, le leholo. Mahlo a mahlo a khanya a mosehla.
5. Nko - e telele ebile e na le bend.
6. Khutlela - e kholo, e otlolohileng ebile e bataletse.
7. Sefuba - ka bophara, ho pota le ho feletseng.
8. Maqhubu - li tšoana hantle le 'mele, litlhahiso tsa tsona li fihla seeleng ebe lia koahela.
9. Maoto - e khutšoanyane le e matla, e entsoeng ka lemonate.
10. Paws - e kholo, e nang le menoana e tobileng.

Tseba ka litšoaneleho tsa mefuta ea Linda, lejoe la Denmark, sebabole se seholo, likhantsi tsa Tula, Kholmogory, Rhine le Toulouse likhantsi.

Litšobotsi tse hlahisang

Ho phaella litabeng tse ntle tsa ka ntle, likhantši tsa Arzamas li khetholloa ke tlhahiso e phahameng:

1. Boima bo boima ba gander bo ka ba lik'hilograma tse 6, le khantsi - 5-5.5 lik'hilograma, 'me e monyenyane ka likhoeli tse peli a boima ba lik'hilograma tse 3,5 ho isa ho tse ling.
2. Ho hlahisa mahe ke sekhahla, likhase li behela mahe a 25 ka selemo.
3. Ho raloa ho qala ka likhantsi ka matsatsi a ka bang 300.
4. Boima ba lehe le leng la likhase tsa Arzamas ke 170-180 g.
5. Mofuta ona o khetholloa ke litekanyetso tse phahameng tsa hatchability tsa bana, manyolo a mahe a fihla ho 85%. Likhantsi li na le tlhaho e ntle ea boimana, ke likhoho tse babatsehang.

Ke habohlokoa! Mocha oa mofuta ona o na le litekanyetso tse phahameng tsa ho pholoha - ho fihlela ho 96%.

Ho fepa lijo

Ho tsuba ha likhantsi ha ho fapane hōle le mafura a mefuta e meng:

1. Goslings bakeng sa matsatsi a 7-10 ba feptjoa ka chopped phehiloeng mahe le meroho.
2. Ho tloha ka letsatsi la leshome ba ka kenyelletsa nyalothe e senyehileng le poone butle-butle.
3. Karolo ea letsatsi le letsatsi ea likhantsi ho ea ho matsatsi a 7 e etsa 30 g, 'me matsatsing a 7-14 a nyolohela ho 90 g.
4. Ho tloha libeke tse peli tsa lilemo, lijo tse tsoakiloeng li ka kenngoa lijong tse nyane - li khothalletsa khōlo e potlakileng le boima ba 'mele, hape e na le limatlafatsi tse hlokahalang le limatlafatsi.

Ke habohlokoa hore re hlokomele hore lijo tse nang le masiba li fanoe ka bobeli le ka mokhoa oa penti. Lijo tse omileng li tlatsetsa ho tloaelehileng ha linonyana tsa monoana, hammoho le bophelo bo botle ba bona. Batho ba baholo ba hloka 330-340 g ea lijo letsatsi ka leng.

Ke habohlokoa! Li-gezzi tsa Arzamas li ka boela tsa feptjoa ka meroho, lihlahisoa tsa lebese, lijo-thollo, khetla ea shell, choko le phofo ea furu, empa sena ha se bonolo joaloka lijo tsa liphoofolo bakeng sa bafolisi, ha u ntse u lokela ho hlahloba kamehla litekanyo tsa limatlafatsi tseo linonyana li li fumanang ka lijo.

Maemo a botlamuoa

Maqhubu a Arzamas a ntseng a hōla a fana ka tlhahiso ea ntlo ea likhoho, hammoho le sebaka sa ho tsamaea. Hase hakaalo, empa boteng ba matamo ke ba bohlokoa haholo.

1. Ntlo e lokela ho lula e futhumetse, e omme le e nang le moea o motlakase. Boholo ba eona bo lokela ho baloa motheong oa palo ea liphoofolo tse ruiloeng: bonyane methara e 1 ea lisekoere e lokela ho abeloa bakeng sa lekhasi le leng le le leng. sebaka se phelang.
2. Le hoja Arzamas e tsoala e sa thibele ho bata 'me baemeli ba eona ba mamella serame hantle, ho eletsoa ho futhumatsa marako le mokatong oa nonyana - sena se tla thusa ho thibela dampness' me, ho ea ka moo, maloetse a fapa-fapaneng a ka bang teng ka lebaka la mongobo o phahameng. Mocheso oa moea ka kamoreng e joalo ha ea lokela ho oa ka tlase ho 10 ° C.
3. Kamore e ka tlung e na le lithitara, e le hore botebo ba eona e be boima ba cm 30. Ho etsa sena, u ka sebelisa furu, joang, peat, husk ea soneblomo kapa sawdust. Ntho ea bohlokoa - nako eohle ea ho etsa bonnete ba hore lithitara li omme ebile li hloekile. Nakong ea lehlabula, limela tsena li lokela ho ba lehlabathe kapa sawdust, moo ho nang le morero feela oa bohloeki.
4. Bakeng sa likhantsi, ho hlokahala hore ho lokisetsoe lihlaha, ka ho khetheha lehong le ka tlaase, e le ho qoba ho noa overcooling ea mahe a mahe a mahe.
5. Ntlo e lokela ho ba le thepa ea ho fepa le ho noa, hammoho le ho lokisa manhole bakeng sa liphoofolo tse ruuoang lapeng.
6. Ka tlung ho hlokahala ho kenya lijana ka lehlabathe kapa molora e le hore liphoofolo tse ruuoang li ka khona ho hloekisa masiba a tsona ka boithatelo.

Linonyana li hloka ho tsamaea, nakong ea lehlabula le mariha, kahoo u lokela ho lokisetsa sebaka bakeng sa sena. Tsamaea e ka ba e bulehileng le e koetsoeng. Haeba ho na le terata, ho bonolo ho laola likhantsi le lijo tseo li li jang. Ho molemo ho jala esale pele setšeng sa limela tse neng li reriloe ho tsamaea joang.

Ithute, ho feta maqeba a mafura, mahe a khantsi, likhantsi nama e molemo.

Haeba ho na le letamo haufi le ntlo, boteng ba eona bo nolofalletsa tlhokomelo ea likhantsi. Haeba ho se na letamo, joale u ka hlomella maiketsetso, kapa u lokisetse litanka ka metsi e le hore likhantsi li ka sesa ho tsona.

Na ua tseba? Li-geese li na le likhohlopo tse telele har'a linonyana, li phela lilemo tse 20-25.

Hona joale o tseba hore na Arzamas e tsoala likhantsi joang le hore na ho ka etsoa joang ka tlhokomelo e nepahetseng le phepo e nepahetseng. U se ke ua lebala hore liphatsa tsa lefutso tsa linonyana tsena ke bohale ba ntoa, hobane qalong li ne li hlaseloa joaloka ntoa. Ka nako e ts'oanang, ka lebaka lena, likhantši tsa Arzamas li ikamahanya hantle le maemo a sebaka sa bolulo 'me li bontša boemo bo phahameng ba ho pholoha.

Video: Arzamas le Kholmogory likhantsi tsa mefuta