Tšimoloho le histori ea ho nkuoa ha likhoho

Saense ea morao-rao ha e tsebe hantle hore na ho rua likhoho ho ile ha qala neng. Pele ho moo, ho ne ho tloaelehile ho bolela hore sena se etsahetse lilemong tse likete tse 'nè tse fetileng, hamorao data e ile ea bonahala e lumella hore motsotso ona ho boleloe hore o fihlile qetellong ea lilemo tse sekete sa bone BC,' me kajeno bo-rasaense ba nahana hore khōlo e bōpiloe ka lilemo tse robeli kapa tse likete tse leshome. !

Boholo ba baholo

Ho lumeloa hore baholo-holo ba mefuta eohle e teng hona joale e teng likhoho tse khubelu tsa jungleeo hape e tsejoang e le li-bankivans likhoho (Lebitso la Selatine "Gallus gallus", kapa "Gallus bankiva"). Linonyana tsena li haufi haholo le liphoofolo tsa pheasants 'me li ntse li fumaneha naheng e ka boroa-bochabela Asia, haholo-holo India, Myanmar (Burma), sehlekehlekeng sa Malacca le sehlekehlekeng sa Sumatra, se khetha meru ea tropike le lihlahla tse teteaneng tsa lihlahla. Gallus gallus Linonyana tsena li le boholo bo lekaneng (boima ba banna ha bo felle ka lik'hilograma tse 1.2, likarolo tse boima ba 500 g kapa tse ling tse seng kae), fofa hantle, sehlaha hantle fatše 'me u be le tšobotsi e tšosang haholo. Ka mebala ea bona, hangata ho na le mebala e meholo e meholo e khubelu kapa ea khauta, e tšoana haholo le litlhapi tsa litlhapi tsa Italy, tse tsejoang hape e le brown leggorn. Li-Banking Chick Ka lekhetlo la pele, Gallus gallus o ile a rehoa e le moholo-holo oa khoho ea lehae ea lapeng, e leng Erasmus Darwin, eo setloholo sa hae kaofela re tsebang e le mongoli oa khopolo ea ho iphetola ha lihloliloeng, mme o pheta phetolelo ea ntat'ae bukeng ea hae "Changing Animals and Plants in Home Condition" (1868).

Na ua tseba? Ho lumeloa hore histori ea linonyana e qalile lilemong tse ka bang limilione tse 90 tse fetileng, 'me linonyana tsa pele li ne li e-na le meno a ileng a nkeloa sebaka ke molomo oa kajeno oa limilione tse mashome a mararo hamorao!

Ho phaella ho khubelu, ho na le mefuta e meng e meraro ea likhoho tse jungle - tse grey, Ceylon le tse tala, mme ho fihlela haufinyane ho ne ho nahanoa hore baholo-holo ba rona ba sebelisitse Gallus gallus bakeng sa malapeng. Gallus sonneratii Leha ho le joalo, lipatlisiso tsa moraorao li bitsa ntlha ena ea pono ka potso. Kahoo, ka 2008, bo-rasaense ba tsoang Univesithing ea Uppsala ba bontšitse hore ka ho tšoana ho hlakileng ha genotype ea likhoho tsa malapa ho Gallus gallus, e 'ngoe ea liphatsa tsa lefutso e haufi le mehloa e mebala e sa tšoaneng. Ho tloha mona, ho na le maikutlo a utloahalang a hore likhoho tsa morao-rao ke setloholo sa mefuta e sa tšoaneng ea likhoho tsa jungle. Mohlomong ho na le mefuta e fapa-fapaneng ea Gallus gallus e fumanoeng, mme joale e tšela le Gallus sonneratii (grey jungle chicken).

Video: Gallus gallus bankers

Nako le libaka tsa bolulo

Kaha lipontšo tse ka ntle le mekhoa ea likhoho tsa mehleng ea kajeno ha li fapane hōle le baholo-holo ba tsona, mohlomong monna ha aa ka a tlameha ho sebetsa ka thata, ho khabisa moemeli oa linonyana.

Tshebetso e qalile, ho ahlola ka lehlakoreng la Gallus gallus, kae-kae ho Asia. Ha ho na maikutlo a le mong feela ka letsatsi (kapa bonyane le lekanyelitsoeng) la ho qeta nonyana eo, empa esita le hore na e etsahetse hanyane ka hanyane, ho tloha sebakeng se le seng ho pholletsa le lefats'e, kapa ho etsoa libakeng tse fapaneng. Kahoo, litsebi tsa litsebi tsa khale li fumane mesaletsa ea likhoho tse ruuoang naheng eo Hindustan - li boleloa ho qaleha ha 2 millennium BC, ha li-Chinese li fumanoa li le boholo-holo - li ka ba lilemo li 8 000 (le hoja boitsebiso bona bo ntse bo botsoa kajeno). 'Me qetellong ea makholo a mabeli le mashome a mahlano a metso e mene, ka tloaelo ho ne ho boleloa hore naha ea lehae ea likoloho ea likhoho ke Thailand.

Ke habohlokoa! Ho ka 'na ha etsahala hore ebe ho rua likhoho ho ile ha etsahala libakeng tse' maloa ho itšetlehile ka e mong. Ho na le litsi tse joalo tse robong kajeno, 'me li fumaneha likarolong tse sa tšoaneng tsa Asia Boroa-bochabela le Indian Subcontinent.

Leha ho le joalo, histori ea ho rua linonyana e koahetsoe ke sephiri hape hobane, ho hlakile hore Gallus gallus ea kajeno e se e lahlehetsoe ke ponahalo ea eona ea pele ka lebaka la ho se be le taolo ea ho tšela likhoho le likhoho tse ruuoang. Engraving ea Francis Barlow (1626-1704) Empa kajeno taba ea hore malapeng a etsoa ka ho khetha linonyana tse kholo ka ho fetisisa le ho tšela ha tsona pakeng tsa tsona ho nkoa e ka tšeptjoa. Ho fumanoa hona ho entse hore ho khethoe likhoho tse nang le hormone ea qoqotho e susumelletsang khōlo ho feta liphoofolo tse hlaha.

Ho jala likhoho

Ho tloha Asia Boroa-bochabela, khōlo ea lapeng e ile ea ata lefatšeng ka bophara. Mohlomong linonyana li qala ho li otla Bochabela bo Harehaholo-holo Mesopotamia, Egepeta le Syria.

Ho thahasellisang ke hore linaheng tsena, nonyana e sa tloaelehang e ne e sa tšoaroe ka lijo empa e ne e le phoofolo e halalelang. Litšoantšo tsa majoe li ne li fumanoa mabitleng a Faroa oa Baegepeta (haholo-holo, Tutankhamen, ea shoeleng ka 1350 BC) le liemahale tsa Bababylona.

Na ua tseba? E ne e le Baegepeta ba mehleng ea boholo-holo ba neng ba e-na le khopolo ea mochine oa pele oa ho robala. Ke 'nete hore "mahlo" a majoe a qalang ka maiketsetso a ne a e-na le boikarabelo ba baprista, bahlanka ba Osiris. Empa mehleng ea Mehla ea bohareng, lefats'e lena le ne le tsejoa e le maqiti a Diabolose le thibelo ea bohloko ba lefu.

Setšoantšo sa phooko, Korinthe, V st. BC e Mehleng ea khale likhoho li ile tsa kena tšimong Greece ea boholo-holo. Ho ka etsahala hore, lilemong tsa makholo a lilemo a V-VI BC. e ba ne ba se ba ntse ba le bangata haholo, 'me, ho ea ka bopaki ba motlatsi oa khale oa Segerike Aristophanes, mosebetsi ona o ne o le theko e tlaase esita le mafutsana.

Leha ho le joalo, Bagerike, ba tsejoang ka lerato la bona la lipapali, ba ne ba nka nonyana e le nonyana e loantšang, kahoo e ne e le ho li-Hellene hore boithabiso bo hlephileng, joaloka cockfighting, bo bonahala. Ntoa e thata Mosa oa Pompeii, National Archaeological Museum ea Naples

Ho latela litlaleho, ka 310 BC, nakong ea letšolo la Alexandere e Moholo India, khosana ea Punjab e ile ea lefa molaoli e moholo ka lichelete tsa tšepe tsa silevera, eo ho eona mochine o moholo o neng o ngotsoe ka li-spurs tse khōlō.

Ho pholletsa le nako e tšoanang, likhoho li ile tsa hlaha linaheng tseo Asia Bohareng - Khorezm, Margiana, Bactria le Sogdiana, moo le bona ba neng ba rapeloa ka lekhetlo la pele e le liphoofolo tse halalelang, bahlokomeli ba Molemo, ba khethang letsatsi le ho hanyetsa matla a senyang a Bobe. Ho ka etsahala hore ebe boikutlo bona bo amana le tšobotsi ea litšobotsi ea lintši ka mohoo oa ho lla ho phatlalatsa qalo ea letsatsi le lecha, leo baholo-holo ba rona ba tumela-khoela ba ileng ba le bona e le pontšo ea tšoantšetso ea tlhōlo ea Leseli holim'a Lefifi. Mafu a likhoho a ile a sibolloa ke baepolli ba lintho tsa khale mabitleng a boholo-holo a linaha tsena, hape e totobatsang boikutlo boo e seng bo-gastronomi phoofolo ena.

Ho tloha Greece ea boholo-holo le likolone tsa eona likhoho li ile tsa kenella libakeng tse ling kaofela Europe Bophirimelahammoho le ho Kievan Rus. Edgar Hunt "The Rooster le Likhoho Tse Tharo" Boemo ba pale ea ho hlōloa ha kana ke ntho e thata haholoanyane Afrika le Amerika. K'honthinente e ntšo, joalokaha ho ne ho nahanoa ka nako e fetileng, e ile ea bulela nonyana ho leboha Egepeta, empa ho na le bopaki ba hore sena se ne se ka etsahala khale haholo. Ka hona, ho ea ka e 'ngoe ea liphetolelo, likhoho tsa malapa li ile tsa tla Somalia le Hloahloa ea Arabia e tsoang India, ke hore, ba kene k'honthinenteng eseng ka mobu, empa ka leoatle,' me sena se etsahetse pele ho sekete sa bobeli sa lilemo BC.

Ho ne ho boetse ho ke ke ha khoneha ho tiisa ka tieo hore na kana e ne e tlisoa Amerika ka li-Spaniards kapa nonyana ena e "fumanoeng" Lefatše le Lecha nako e telele pele Columbus.

Mefuta e mengata ea likhoho tse ruuoang lapeng

Ka likhoeli tse 'maloa, nakong eo motho a jalang likhoho tse ruuoang lapeng, ho na le mefuta e mengata e sa tšoaneng ea linonyana tsena. Tataiso ea ho khabisa le ho loana ea tšebeliso ea litloholo tsa Gallus gallus e ntse e bolokiloe, empa kajeno sebaka se tloaelehileng haholo sa tšebeliso ea liphoofolo ke indasteri ea lijo. Leha ho le joalo, kaha mahe a khoho a sa tloaeleha ho feta nama ka mokhoa oa phepo e nepahetseng libaka tse tharo tse ka sehloohong:

lehe;
nama le lehe;
nama.

Baemeli ba mefuta ena ea linonyana ba fapane ka litsela tse itseng.

Itloaetse ka litekanyetso tsa mefuta e sa tšoaneng ea lehe le likhoho tsa nama.

Mefuta ea mahe

Ntho e ka sehloohong ka mefuta ea mahe - litefiso tse phahameng tsa tlhahiso ea lehe. Tabeng ena, ha hoa bohlokoa feela hore palo ea mahe a behiloeng ke khoho e le 'ngoe ho pholletsa le selemo, empa hape ke meeli ea mehla ea tlhahiso ea lehe (lilemo tsa pele ea bo-clutch le nako ea ho boloka tlhahiso ea tlhōrō). E le ho finyella litekanyo tse joalo, motho o lokela ho nyehela litšoaneleho tse ling tse nkiloeng ho likhoho. Ka lebaka leo, mefuta ea mahe e khetholloa:

tlhahiso ea lehe le qalang - hangata likhoeli tse 4-5;
nomoro ea selemo le selemo ea mahe a tsoang khoho e le 'ngoe e tloha ho 160 ho ea ho 365;
boholo bo nyane;
ho eketseha ho hlokahalang ho fepa ka lijo haholo-holo ka lik'halsiamo ho eona (ho hlokahala hore ho thehoe likhetla tsa mahe le, ho phaella moo, ho kenngoa lehe ka boeona);
mosebetsi o phahameng;
e sa hlalose hantle ka tlhaho ea ho tsuba.

Lipontšo tsa ka ntle tsa mefuta ea mahe, ho phaella ho boholo bo lekaneng, li na le mapheo a maholo haholo, hammoho le 'mele o moqotetsane o nang le mapheo a tsoetseng pele. Lihlahisoa tse tloaelehileng ka ho fetisisa tsa mahe le lifapano, litšoaneleho tsa bona tse ka sehloohong li bontšoa tafoleng:

Lebitso la tsoala	Naha ea tsoalo	Palo ea selemo le selemo ea mahe	Boima ba mahe a mahe	Boholo ba boholo-holo (boima ba likokoanyana / khoho, kg)
Andalusian	Spain	190-220	55	3,2-3,6/2,3-2,7
Tšoeu ea Russia	USSR	220-250	55-60	2-2,5/1,6-1,8
Sethoa sa Italy	Italy	180-240	60	2-3/1,5-2
Hamburg	Jeremane, UK, Holland	220	55	2-2,5/1,5-2
Kampinskaya	Belgium	135-145	55-60	1,8-2,6/1,5-2
Leggorn	Italy	365	55-58	2,3-2,6/1,5-2
Li-greensmill tsa Carpathian	Poland (mohlomong)	180	50	2,2-2,7/1,8-2,3
Minorca	Spain, Holland	200	56-59	3,2-4/2,7-3,6
Czech khauta	Czechoslovakia	150-170	54-57	2-2,5/1,6-2,2
Hisex	Holland	300	60	2,4-2,6/1,8-2

Matlo a araukan, ameraukan, legbar, uheilyuyu, maran, a ka khahlisa ka mahe a mebala e fapa-fapaneng - ho tloha mosebetsing o moputsoa le mohloaare oa tsokolate.

Lihlahisoa tsa mahe

Karolo e ka sehloohong ea majoe a tataiso ena ke ea bona ho ikamahanya le maemo. Linonyana tse joalo li loketse liforomo tse nyenyane haholo, hobane li etsa hore ho be le mahe a macha le nama e monate haholo tafoleng. Linku tsa mahe li ja butle-butle ho feta nama, empa hangata ka boholo li feta li-'moho le tsona ka leihlo la mahe, li tlohela ka morao ho tsona ka tlhahiso ea lehe. Tšobotsi e 'ngoe ea hoo e batlang e le mefuta eohle ke hore e atisa ho feta "lehe", ho bontša tlhōlisano le litaba tse mamellehang ka ho fetisisa li koaletsoeng. Lihlahisoa tse atlehang ka ho fetisisa le lipalangoang tsa nama le taelo ea lehe:

Lebitso la tsoala	Naha ea tsoalo	Palo ea selemo le selemo ea mahe	Boima ba mahe a mahe	Boholo ba boholo-holo (boima ba likokoanyana / khoho, kg)
Kuchinsky anniversary	USSR	200	60	3-3,8/2,3-2,6
Moscow e ntšo	USSR	180	61	2,9-3/2,3-2,6
Serale ea Adler	USSR	170	62	3,6-3,8/1,2-1,4
Yerevan	Armenia	160	57	2,9-3,2/1,9-2,1
Rhode sehlekehleke	USA	170	60	3,2-4/2,5-2,8
New Hampshire	USA	200	65	3,9-4/2,5-2,9
Sussex	Great Britain	150-200	60	2,9-3/2,3-2,5
Amrox	Jeremane	220	60	4-4,5/3,3-3,5
Hercules	Russia	200-240	60-70	6-6,5/3,3-3,7
Pushkinskaya	Russia	220-270	58-60	2,5-3/1,8-2
Plymouth	USA	170	55-50	4,8-5/3,3-3,6

Na ua tseba? Bahlabani ba ho ja likhoho ke Bajuda. Ho ea ka lipalo-palo, moahi e mong le e mong oa Iseraele o ja hoo e ka bang 67.9 kg ea nama ena ka selemo. US, palo ena e theohile hanyenyane feela, e leng 51.8 lik'hilograma feela, ha Russia e le motho ea ka bang 22.1 kg ea nama ea khoho ka selemo e tlalehoa.

Mefuta ea liphoofolo

Mefuta ea likhoho e kholo. Li boima ebile li le boima, li na le li-paws tse matla tse matla le lipalesa tse bonolo. Hangata linonyana tse joalo li na le bothata ba ho itšireletsa le ho sitoa ho imeloa kelellong, ha li tšabe batho, ha li hloke maemo a litlamong. Lihlahisoa tsa nama ha li potlakele ha li ntse li tsoela pele, empa mekhoa ea ho ts'oana le litsuonyana ka likhoho e ntlafalitsoe hantle. Tse ling tsa mefuta e ntlehali ea mefuta ea lijo le likolobe tsa likhoho ke tse latelang:

Lebitso la tsoala	Naha ea tsoalo	Palo ea selemo le selemo ea mahe	Boima ba mahe a mahe	Boholo ba boholo-holo (boima ba likokoanyana / khoho, kg)
Brama	USA	125	60	4-4,5/3-3,5
Giant e khōlō	USA	180	55-56	5-5,9/3,6-4,5
Dorking	Great Britain	140	65	4-4,5/3-3,5
Cochinquin	China	100-135	50-60	5-5,5/4-4,5
Cornish	Great Britain	130-160	56-60	3,5-4/3-3,3
Malin	Belgium	140-160	53-65	4-5/3-4
Orpington	Great Britain	160-180	60-61	4-5/3-4
Fireball	Fora	160-180	55-58	4-4,5/3-3,5
Langshan	China	100-110	55-56	3,5-4/3-3,5
Mongolo o mosoeu	Hungary	200	60-70	6-7/2,5-2,9
Foxy chick	Hungary	250-300	70	4-4,5/3,5-4

Hape ho na le lihlopha tse ling tsa mefuta ea likhoho - ho khabisa (mohlala, silika ea Sechaena, sybright, gudan, paduan, shabo, milfleur), ntoa (chamo, sumatra, azil) le vociferous (jurlovskie).

Boitšoaro le boitšoaro

Maemo a likhoho tsa lehae a itšetlehile haholo ka mefuta eo. Ka kakaretso, re bua ka nonyana e sa hlompheheng. Ho eena, hoo e batlang e le kamore e omeletseng le e hloekileng e loketse. Li-hens tse sebetsang hantle li hloka sebaka se seholo sa mahala ho feta li-congeners tsa tsona tse ngata tsa phlegmatic. Tabeng ea pele, ho hlokahala hore u tsoele pele ka taba ea hore ka sethara se lekanang sa lisekoere ho ne ho se na batho ba fetang 2-3 ba nang le masibaka bobeli ba ka etsa sebaka sa batho ba ka bang 3-5. Lihlahisoa tsa mahe ha li qabane, kahoo sehlopheng sena ho molemo ho tataisoa ke litlhoko tse tšoanang le tsa mahe. Bohareng ba ntlo, li-perches li lokela ho hlomelloa (li behiloe bophahamong ba limithara tse 1 ka holimo ho sephara ka tekanyo ea sebaka sa 20 cm nonyana e 'ngoe le e' ngoe), hape li fana ka lihlahisoa tsa mahe. Mobu o koahetsoe ka ho fetisisa ka mapolanka, joale mariha ha ho na tlhoko ea ho kenya letsoho ho eketsehileng. Ho phaella ho batho ba fepa le ba noang, e lokela ho kenngoa "bathing" bakeng sa ho hlatsoa, moo ho hlokahalang hore u tšollele (le nako le nako u khatholohe) motsoako oa molora, lehlabathe le letsopa. Mokhoa ona ke thibelo e babatsehang ea likokoana-hloko tse fapaneng tsa letlalo le masiba.

Ke habohlokoa! Hangata likhoho li mamella serame hantle, empa ho bona ke habohlokoa hore ho se na lirafshoa le mongobo kamoreng eo.

Boemo ba bohlokoa bakeng sa mehlape e phetseng hantle le bona ho hloekisa kamehla likhoho tsa khoho le ho fetola ho robalahaeba e sebelisoa.

Bakeng sa likhoho tse ngata, haholo-holo lehe le linama tsa mahe, ho tsamaea ka ntle ho molemo haholo. Ka hona, linonyana li na le monyetla oa ho fapanyetsana lijo tsa bona ka mefuta e sa tšoaneng ea likokoanyana le liboko, e seng feela e matlafatsang ts'oaetso ea bona, empa e boetse e lumella molemi ho boloka chelete e itseng ho fepa.

Ho ja le phepo

Liprotheine, mafura, lik'habohaedreite, liminerale le li-vithamine (haholo-holo A, B le D) li tlameha ho ba lijong tsa mohlape o nang le masiba. Ho na le lijo tse khethehileng tse kopantsoeng bakeng sa likhoho, tseo likarolo tsena li hlahisoang ka mokhoa o leka-lekaneng, empa lijo tse joalo li tla lefella molemi a theko e boima haholo.

Ho na le chelete e ngata ho sebelisa lihlahisoa le litšila tsa ntlo bakeng sa ho fepa linonyana, haholo-holo, e le hore morero ona o lumellane:

litapole, lihoete, li-beet, maphutshe, k'habeche (makhasi), liapole, lipere, li-plums, meroho e meng le litholoana, ho kopanyelletsa le ho hloekisa le ho koahela, hammoho le mekhoa e sa rekisoang (e nyenyane kapa e mela, empa e sa boliloe );
bohobe bo botšo le bo basoeu, ho kenyelletsa li-crusts le crumbs (tsena tsohle li lokela ho kenngoa pele);
ho senya le ho senya litšila ka mor'a ho khaola litlhapi le nama, ho akarelletsa le masapo a silafalitsoeng;
lebese, whey, cottage chisi, lebese le bolila (li-mollusk, lihoho, likokoanyana, liboko le liphoofolo tse ling hape ke mohloli oa liprotheine, empa haeba likhoho li na le monyetla oa ho tsamaea, li tla hlokomela karolo ena ea lijo);
lijo tsa meroho le lijo.

Leha ho le joalo, motheo (hoo e ka bang 60%) oa lijo tsa khoho e lokela ho ba lijo-thollo, haholo-holo, poone, koro, oats, rye, harese le limela.

Na ua tseba? Ho hlahisoa ha khōhō lefats'eng ho ntse ho hōla ka potlako, ho feta lebelo la tlhahiso ea likhomo le nama ea kolobe. Ka hona, lilemong tsa bo-70 tsa lekholong la ho qetela la lilemo, ho ne ho hlahisoa lithane tse ka bang limilione tse 20 tsa likhoho lefatšeng, ka lilemo tse 20 palo ena e ne e nyolohetse ho limilione tse 40, 'me ka 2020, ho latela maemo a mang, ho tla ba lithane tse limilione tse 120. Linomoro tse feletseng li tsoteha le ho feta: ka 1961, likhoho tse limilione tse likete tse 6,5 li bolailoe, ka 2011 - 58.4 limilione tse likete, 'me ka 2014 - ho se ho ntse ho e-na le batho ba libilione tse 62!

U ka fepa nonyana e moholo ka makhetlo a mabeli kapa a mararo ka letsatsi, 'me ka halofong ea letsatsi ho molemo ho fana ka lijo tse bonolo le tsa meroho (meroho, setoto, meroho, joalo-joalo),' me mantsiboea o omme le o boima (lijo-thollo). Ka mokhoa ona oa ho fepa litlhaka tse sa senyeheng le tse senyehang li ka tlosoa ka nako e loketseng, ntle le ho li siea bosiu ho ba fepa.

Ho tsoala

E le ho etsa bonnete ba hore tlhahiso e ngata ea mahe le maemo a nepahetseng bakeng sa ho kenya mahe, ho hlokahala hore u khomarele melao e latelang:

Koetlisa khoho ea khoho le lihlaha tse mofuthu (mabokose a lehong a bophara ba lisenthimithara tse 35 a ka sebelisoa) a koahetsoe ke joang, furu kapa sawdust ebe o behoa sebakeng se sireletsehileng ka ho fetisisa.
Etsa lisebelisoa ka mokhoa o hlophisitsoeng lihlahong 'me u hlasele likokoana-hloko fatše le marako a likhoho (ho molemo ho etsa sena ha liphoofolo li ntse li le teng).
Fa linonyana ka mabone a nepahetseng: lifensetere tsa ntlo ea khoho e lokela ho ba bonyane 1/10 sebakeng sa fatše. Кроме того, в холодное время года необходимо искусственным образом увеличивать продолжительность светового дня минимум до 12-14 часов с помощью специальной досветки.
Mocheso o phahameng oa mocheso oa khoho ha oa lokela ho feta + 25 ° C, bonyane ha boa lokela ho oela ka tlasa + 15 ° C.

Ho hlahisa

Poleloana "likhoho nakong ea hoetla li nka" ho ba le mapheo a tsebahalang. 'Nete ke hore likhoho tse sa tsoa hloloa li hlokomoloha tlhokomelong ea tsona' me li ka shoa ka khoeli ea pele ho tloha hypothermia, ho chesa, lirapa, lijo tse sa pheleng, hammoho le ho tlōla litlhoko tsa bohloeki le ho omella ka kamoreng eo.

Ke habohlokoa! Mocheso oa kamore bakeng sa litsuonyana o tlase haholo. Matsatsing a 5 a pele a bophelo ba tla hloka 29-30 ° C, joale mocheso o ka fokotsoa hanyane ka hanyane ka 2-3 ° beke le beke. Ha litsuonyana li le khoeli, li tla khona ho ikutloa li le hantle ka 18 ° С.

Ho molemo ho futhumatsa kamoreng eo litsuonyana li bolokiloeng ka mabone a mahlaseli.

Bakeng sa bana ke habohlokoa ho etsa palo e lekaneng ea sebaka sa mahala. Kahoo, haeba litsuonyana tse sa tsoa hloloa li ka bokella batho ba 20-25 ka hora ea mithara, ka nako eo ba fihlang khoeli e kholo, palo ena e lokela ho fokotsoa ho ea ho 15, 'me ka likhoeli tse peli kapa tse tharo ho ea ho tse 10 ka hora ea mithara. Lijo tsa pele bakeng sa litsuonyana ha lia lokela ho fanoa kapele ka mor'a hore li tlohe lehe, empa ka mor'a lihora tse 12 ho isa ho tse 16 (u ka tlohela nonyana eo ea lapileng letsatsi: ho na le lijo tse lekaneng tse tlohang lehe e le hore lesea le se ke la lapa) Ntho e ntle ka ho fetisisa e sa phehoa ka lehe yolk, joalokaha e atisa ho re, empa phofo ea poone (lijo tsa protheine, ho ea ka boitsebiso ba morao-rao, e ntse e le mafura bakeng sa litsuonyana tse nyenyane).

Qalong, litsuonyana li ka bolokoa ka lebokose le khethehileng - sefahla.

Matsatsi a pele a likhoho a feptjoa lihora tse ling le tse ling tse peli, butle-butle ho fokotsa palo ea lijo, pele ho isa ho tse supileng, ebe ho ea ho tse tharo kapa tse 'nè ka letsatsi. Ho qala ho tloha letsatsing la boraro, chisi ea cottage, limela tse khaoeng hantle, fatše oatmeal, hammoho le lijo tse khethehileng bakeng sa likhoho li kenngoa butle-butle lijong. Ho tloha bekeng ea bobeli, litapole tse patisitsoeng, meroho e silafalitsoeng e kenyelitsoe, 'me ha litsuonyana li ntse li hōla, lijo tsa tsona li tsamaisoa ka mokhoa o tloaelehileng oa lijo tse tloaelehileng tsa likhoho tse kholo. Ho rua likhoho ho ka 'na ha bapisoa le bohlokoa ka ho qaptjoa ha lebili. Kaha ts'ebetso ena e qalile lilemong tse likete tse 'maloa tse fetileng, batho ba na le mefuta e mengata ea mefuta e sa tšoaneng ea mefuta ena. E hōlileng kajeno eseng feela bakeng sa nama le mahe, hammoho le masiba le lipalesa, empa le bakeng sa boikhathollo (ho loantša mefuta) esita le bakeng sa botle (mekhabiso e khabisitsoeng). Mabapi le litšoaneleho tse ntle le tlhahiso, ha ho phoofolo, ea bohle, ea kileng a hlophisoa ke motho, a ka hlōlisana le khōhō.