Krasa litapole li hlokahala haholo har'a balemi ba lirapa, ka lebaka la chai e ngata ea eona le tlhahiso ea tsona, ho boloka boleng bo botle, hammoho le tatso e babatsehang.
U ka tloaelana le mefuta e fapa-fapaneng e molemo ka thuso ea sehlooho sa rona, hobane re u lokiselitse tlhaloso ea eona ka litšoantšo, litšoaneleho tse ka sehloohong le likarolo tsa theknoloji ea temo. Hape ho tsohle mabapi le phallo ea mafu le ho hlōloa ha tse senyang lijalo.
Litšobotsi
Krasa litapole ke tsa mefuta-futa ea mefuta-futa, kaha nako ea eona ea ho butsoa e tsoa matsatsing a 80 ho ea ho a 100. E ka hōloa libakeng tsohle tsa Russia Federation. Litapole tse fapa-fapaneng tsa Krasa li khetholloa ka mokhoa o motle haholo le litšoaneleho tse phahameng tsa lijalo tsa motsoako. Litapole tsena tafoleng li khetholloa ke chai e ngata..
E bonolo ho mamella komello le mefuta e sa tšoaneng ea tšenyo, hape e bontša ho hanyetsa maloetse ohle a tsebahalang haholo. Ntho e ntle ka ho fetisisa ea meroho ena e tla hōla mobu o mobe o nang le phefumoloho e ntle. Lihlopha tsena tse fapa-fapaneng li khetholloa ke lihlahla tse matla tse tiileng tse nang le matla le mahlahahlaha a maholo. Li koahetsoe ke makhasi a tala 'me li na le li-corollas tse mahareng. Sehlaha se seng le se seng se atisa ho hlahisa li-tubers tse 6 ho isa ho tse 8.
Krasa Litapole: tlhaloso e sa tšoaneng
Lebitso la mabitso | Botle |
Litšobotsi tse tloaelehileng | bohareng ba morao tafoleng litapole tse sa tsoaneng tsa Russia ho ikatisa, hantle a ikamahanya le mobu le mocheso oa leholimo, fana ka e tsitsitseng chai |
Nako ea botšehali | Matsatsi a 80-100 |
Tšoaetso ea starch | 15-19% |
Bongata ba li-tubers tsa khoebo | 250-300 gr |
Palo ea li-tuber morung | 6-8 |
Tlisa | 400-450 c / ha |
Boleng ba bareki | Tatso e ntle le e babatsehang, e ntle bakeng sa ho monya le ho baka |
Ho tsosolosoa | 95% |
'Mala oa letlalo | e khubelu |
'Mala o motala | mosehla o bobebe |
Libaka tse ntseng li hōla tse khethiloeng | leha e le efe |
Mafu a ho hanyetsa | e khahlanong le maloetse ohle a fungal |
Lintho tsa ho hōla | theknoloji e tloaelehileng ea temo |
Moqapi | hello "Sedek" (Russia) |
Krasa ea litapole e na le tuber oval, eo boima ba tsona bo leng ho tloha ho 250 ho ea ho 300 dikgerama. Li koahetsoe ke lebala le boreleli la 'mala o mofubelu o nang le mahlo a manyenyane, ao ka tlas'a eona ho nang le makhasi a monate a nang le matlalo a phahameng a starch.
Krasa Litapole ke mefuta e fapa-fapaneng ea ho ikatisa Europe, e ileng ea sala lekholong la bo20 la lilemo.
O ka bapisa mofuta oa starch le mefuta e meng e sebelisang boitsebiso bo ka tlase mona:
Lebitso la mabitso | Tšoaetso ea starch |
Aurora | 13-17% |
Skarb | 12-17% |
Ryabinushka | 11-18% |
Botho | 17-19% |
Li-evangeli | 14-19% |
Lasock | 15-22% |
Magician | 13-15% |
Granada | 10-17% |
Rogneda | 13-18% |
Dolphin | 10-14% |
Photo
Sheba ka tlase: Krasa ea litšoantšo ea litapole
Likarolo tsa ho hōla le ho boloka
Ho jala litapole tsa peo Krasa ka lipeo tse etsoang ka February kapa mathoasong a March. Pele o jala, peo e hloka ho tsuba ka matsatsi a mabeli metsing. Bakeng sa ho hōla lipeo ba lokela ho lokisetsa mobu o khethehileng, o tla ba le karolo e le 'ngoe ea mobu le likarolo tse' nè tsa peat le menontsha e rarahaneng.
Bala ka ho eketsehileng ka mokhoa oa ho fepa litapole, hore na o ka sebelisa menontsha joang le hore na u ka e sebelisa joang, e leng tse ntle ka ho fetisisa, ho e etsa hantle ha u lema.
Ho hasanya peō ho lokela ho ajoa fatše ebe o fafatsoa ka lehlabathe. Mocheso o motle oa ho lema lipeo ke mocheso oa likhato tse 20 ho isa ho tse 24 Celsius. Nakong ea hoetla, motho o lokela ho cheka mobung oa bayonet ea kharafu 'me a kenyelle menontsha e rarahaneng ho eona. Sebaka pakeng tsa mela ea litapole e lokela ho ba ho tloha ho 60 ho isa ho tse 70 cm.
Hoo e ka bang beke pele u lema, li-tubers tsa litapole li lokela ho behoa sebakeng se mofuthu. Ha lema tubers buelloa ho etsa nitrophore.
Nako ea pele ka mor'a ho lema serapeng ha ea lokela ho nosetsoa, kaha nakong ena motso oa lihlahla o behiloe. Leha ho le joalo, metsi a latelang a lokela ho ba kamehla.
Hang ha u hlokomela letlobo la pele, etsa bonnete ba hore u fepa limela ka metsi a qhibilihisang naetrojene le menontsha ea potash. Kotulo e atisa ho etsoa mathoasong a August.
Ha e le mekhoa ea agrotechnical, mekhoa e metle ka ho fetisisa e ka sebelisoa: hilling ka letsoho kapa ka thuso ea ho tsamaea-ka morao terekta, ho noa monate, ho nosetsa.
Litapole tsena li bolokoa hantle, haholo-holo maemong ohle.
Hape e mabapi le mokhoa oa ho boloka litapole mariha, ka foleteng le ka joala bareng, ka le foranteng le ka mabokoseng, ka sehatsetsing le ka peeled foromo.
Boleng ba kereiti ena ke 95%.
Ka boleng bo bolokang ba mefuta e meng eo u ka e bonang tafoleng e ka tlase:
Lebitso la mabitso | Ho tsosolosoa |
Botle | 95% |
Kiranda | 95% |
Minerva | 94% |
Juvel | 94% |
Meteor | 95% |
Sehoai | 95% |
Timo | 96%, empa li-tuber li mela pele |
Arosa | 95% |
Selemo | 93% |
Veneta | 87% |
Impala | 95% |
Maloetse le tse senyang lijalo
Krasa Litapole ha li khone ho hlaseloa ke mafu le likokoanyana, leha ho le joalo, u ka etsa phekolo e thibelang ea limela ka li-fungicides le likokoanyana.
Le hoo e ka bang tse senyang lijalo: Colorado litapole beetle, medvedki, litapole moth, wireworm.
Tlhokomelo e nepahetseng ea litapole tsa mefuta e ka holimo e tiisetsoa ho u fa kotulo e ruileng ea monate oa motso merohoeo u ka e sebelisang ka bobeli bakeng sa thepa ea hau le ho rekisa.
Bala le lihlooho tse thahasellisang le tse molemo mabapi le ho hōlisa litapole: thekenoloji ea Dutch, ntle le weeding le hilling, tlas'a joang, ho tloha peo, ka mekotleng, ka melikotlong, ka mabokoseng.
U ka 'na ua thahasella ho tseba hore na linaha tsa litapole li hōlileng ka ho fetisisa, ke mefuta efe e tloaelehileng Russia, mokhoa oa ho hōlisa mefuta e sa tšoaneng ea pele le mokhoa oa ho fetola mokhoa ona hore e be khoebo.
Ka tlase tafoleng u tla fumana lihlopha tsa lihlooho tsa mefuta ea litapole tse butsoitseng ka linako tse fapaneng:
Bofelong ba morao | Pele ho nako | Ho butsoa ha nako e khutšoanyane |
Aurora | Prince ea Black | Nikulinsky |
Skarb | Nevsky | Asterix |
Sebete | Darling | Cardinal |
Ryabinushka | Morena oa lihlatsoana | Kiwi |
Botho | Ramos | Slavyanka |
Li-evangeli | Taisiya | Rocco |
Lasock | Lapot | Ivan da Marya | Magician | Caprice | Picasso |