Serapa sa meroho

Litšobotsi tse ka sehloohong tsa litapole tsa Mozart: symphony ea tatso

"Mozart" ke bohareng ba mefuta e mengata ea litapole tse khothalletsoang ho lengoa mahaeng a malapa kapa mapolasing.

Mefuta e mengata e na le chai e ntle, tubers e ntle ebile e boreleli, e ntle bakeng sa thekiso.

Litapole tse sa tšoaneng "Mozart": litšoaneleho le lifoto

Lebitso la mabitsoMeteor
Litšobotsi tse tloaelehilengMefuta e sa tšoaneng ea lipalesa tsa lipalesa tsa Madache, e mamellang komello le lipalangoang
Nako ea botšehaliMatsatsi a 80-110
Tšoaetso ea starch14-17%
Bongata ba li-tubers tsa khoebo100-143 g
Palo ea li-tuber morung12-15
Tlisa400-600 c / ha
Boleng ba barekimonate o motle, boemong bo tloaelehileng ba botsitso
Ho tsosolosoa92%
'Mala oa letlaloe khubelu
'Mala o motalamosehla
Libaka tse ntseng li hōla tse khethiloengNorth-West, Central, Volga-Vyatka, Central Central Earth, North Caucasus
Mafu a ho hanyetsaka mokhoa o leka-lekaneng ba hlaseloa ke morao koana, ho hanyetsa ho hlaba le nematode
Lintho tsa ho hōlatekanyo ea agrotechnology, e mamelle mocheso le komello
MoqapiHZPC Holland B.V. (Netherlands)

Tlhaloso e khutšoanyane ea mefuta e mengata ea litapole "Mozart":

  • li-tuber tsa boima bo bolelele, tse boima ho tloha ho 100 ho isa ho 145 g;
  • lijalo tsa motso li lekana, li nepahetse, li entsoe ka mokhoa o tšoanang;
  • sebopeho se pota-potileng kapa se ovalang;
  • peel e khubelu-e pinki, e tšesaane, empa e le e boima;
  • mahlo ha a na letho, a sa teba, a fokola;
  • makhasi ao a phuntsoeng a mosehla;
  • karolelano ea starch, ho tloha ho 14.6 ho ea ho 16.9%;
  • lihlahisoa tse phahameng tsa metsi (ho fihlela ho 19%);
  • tse ngata tsa liprotheine le tsa bohlokoa tsa amino acid.

Ho utloisisa ka ho nepahetseng seo litapole tsa Mozart li leng sona, litšobotsi tsa mefuta-futa li fokotsehile. Sheba setšoantšo:

Litapole tse fapa-fapaneng "Mozart" li bua ka tafole bohareng-morao. Ho molemo haholo, ka karolelano lihekthere tse 400 li kotuloa ka hektare, lihlahisoa tse ngata li feta batho ba 600.

O ka bapisa letšoao le mefuta e meng tafoleng e ka tlase:

Lebitso la mabitsoTlisa
MozartBa makholo a 400-600
JuvelHo tloha hektare e le nngwe u ka bokella li-quintals tse fetang 700.
MeteorBatho ba 200 ho ea ho 400 ba hekthareng, ho itšetlehile ka sebaka le boemo ba leholimo.
Matsatsi a mashome a maneHo tloha ho hektare e le 'ngoe ho ka bokelloa ho tloha ho 200 ho isa ho tse 300.
MinervaHo tloha hektare e le 'ngoe ho tloha ho ba 200 ho ea ho ba 450.
KaratopO ka bokella batho ba 200-500 ka hektare.
VenetaPalo e tloaelehileng ke batho ba 300 ba lihekthere ka hora.
Zhukovsky peleKarolelano ea batho ba makholo a mane ka holimo ho hektare.
NōkaHo tloha ho ba 280 ho isa ho ba 450 ho hectare.
KirandaHo tloha ho batho ba 110 ho ea ho 320 ho hectare.

Ho rekisoa ha likokoana-hloko ho fihla ho 98%. Litapole ha li senyehe ha li cheka, li boloketsoe nako e telele, li sa lahleheloe ke litšobotsi tsa bareki. Lipalangoang lia khoneha.

Bala tsohle ka polokelo e nepahetseng ea litapole: nako, mocheso, le mathata a khonehang.

Le mokhoa oa ho boloka metso ea mariha hantle, metseng ea meroho, maemong a folete, kamoreng e ka tlas'a lefatše, ka le foranteng le ka lebokoseng le ka sehatsetsing le ho hlajoa.

Ho itšetlehile ka mofuta oa sehlahla ke sepakapaka kapa se phahameng, se otlolohileng, sa mefuta-futa. E itekanetseng e itekanetseng. Makhasi a le kholo kapa a mahareng, a tala, a nang le likhahla tse nyenyane tsa wavy. Corollas ke tse kholo, li bokane mebala e khanyang e bofubelu-e pherese. Monokotšoai. Tsamaiso ea motso e matla, e mong le e mong sehlahla se fana ka 8-10 tubers e nang le bonyane ba nyenyane le ba sa kenyang chelete.

Mefuta e fapa-fapaneng e ela hloko bohlokoa ba phepo ea mobu, Mobu o futsanehileng, o boima o fokotsa lihlahisoa.

Litapole habonolo li mamella komello ea nakoana le keketseho ea mocheso, empa e itšoara hampe ho frosts. Libakeng tse nang le boemo ba leholimo bo sa tsitsang, bo batang haholo le lipula khafetsa, ho jala tse fapa-fapaneng ha ho kgothaletswe.

Litapole ha li hloke tlhokomelo. Hae e leng tlhokahalo e kholo - ho latela mocheso, hangata ho lokoloha le ho khaola. Mobu o lokela ho ba o khanyang, ka lehlabathe.

Mefuta e fapa-fapaneng e na le tšireletso ea meriana e metle, e le ho eketsa chai e ngata, o ka sebelisa diminerale e mengata ea menontsha e nang le potassium, phosphorus le magnesium kapa lintho tse phelang: molora, lehong la khale.

Bala ka ho eketsehileng ka mokhoa oa ho fepa litapole, hore na o tla sebelisa joang manyolo le hore na o ka o etsa joang ha u lema le hore na ke lijo life tse molemo ka ho fetisisa.

Litapole tse fapa-fapaneng "Mozart" tse hanyetsanang le maloetse a maholo a nightshade. Litapole ha ba atisa ho angoa ke tloaelehileng scab kapa nematode, go thibela ho morao blight ea makhasi le tubers. Tlas'a maemo a bohloko, tšoaetso ea li-fungus kapa likokoana-hloko e ka khoneha. Bakeng sa thibelo, ho hlokahala hore o sebetse mobu le ho lema ka moloko oa morao-rao oa likokoana-hloko.

Litapole "Mozart" li na le e khahlehang haholo, e nang le tatso e feletseng. Tlhahiso e lekaneng ea starch e etsa hore tubers e fapane haholoanyane, e ka pheha, e halikiloeng, e bohoe kapa e kenngoe. Ho tswa ho li-tubers tse phehiloeng ho fetoha pherekano ea litapole tse patisitsoeng ntle le litsupa. Molemo oa ho tlatsa sopho le ho chesa ka ho teba.

Tšimoloho le Melemo

Mefuta e fapa-fapaneng "Mozart" e hlahisitsoeng ke bajaki ba Madache. E kenyelelitsoe Register ea Naha ea Russia ka 2010. E etselitsoe sebaka sa Bohareng le Volga-Vyatka. Litapole li loketse ho lema liindasteri, ho molemo bakeng sa mapolasi le mapolasi a le mong.

Li-smooth, li-tubers tse ntle li loketse ho rekisa, ho latela maemo a hlokahalang, li bolokiloe hantle, li sa lahleheloe ke thepa ea bareki. Lipalangoang lia khoneha.

Melemo ea mefuta-futa:

  • holimo ho litsobotsi tsa tubers;
  • esita le litapole, tse ntle bakeng sa ho rekisa;
  • chai e ngata;
  • boleng bo botle ba ho boloka;
  • ho mamellana ha komello;
  • ho hanyetsa ha tubers ho senya mechine;
  • ho itšireletsa hantle, ho itšireletsa ho mafu a maholo.

Ka tlase tafoleng u ka bapisa litšobotsi tsa Mozart tse sa tsoaneng le mefuta e meng ka boima ba li-tubers le boleng ba tsona ba ho boloka boleng:

Lebitso la mabitsoLi-tubers tse ngata (ligrama)Ho tsosolosoa
Mozart100-14097%
Meteor100-15095%
Minerva120-24594%
Kiranda92-17595%
Karatop60-10097%
Veneta67-9587%
Zhukovsky pele100-12092-96%
Nōka100-18094%

Lintho tsa ho hōla

Litapole li hloka lema feela mobung o futhumetseng haholo. Tabeng ena, letlobo le tla ba botsoalle, li-tubers li tla qala ho potlakisa ka potlako.

Pele lema, li-tubers li hlophisoa 'me li mela ka letsatsi, ebe li tšeloa ka li-disinfectants le li-stimulants. Mesebetsi ena eohle e khutsufatsa nako ea ho hōla ka hohle kamoo ho ka khonehang.

Li-tubers li lenngoe ka lik'hilograma tse 35 ho tse ling tse nang le sebaka sa 75 cm. Mofuta o sa tšoaneng o na le melemo ea phepo ea mobu, e khothalletsoa hore e qhibilihe sefate sa moru (ka mokhoa o khethehileng oa birch) le humus ka mekoting. Nka sebelisa metsoako ea diminerale e thehiloeng ho magnesium, phosphorus, potasiamo. Ha nako ea ho lema e qeta makhetlo a mabeli, ke ho lakatsehang ho tšoara metsi a le mong.

E le ho bokella lihlahisoa tsa peo ea boleng bo botle, lihlahla tse tsoetseng pele le tse matla li na le pele ho tšoauoa ka lente e khanyang. Ka mor'a kotulo, litapole tsa peo li bolokoa ka thōko. Ho ke ke ha khoneha ho nka li-tubers ho lema lihlahla tse fumanoeng, mohlala, makhasi a nang le tšoaetso.

U se ke ua lebala ka ho phalla, esita le ka letsoho, bonyane ka thuso ea terekere e tsamaeang ka morao, hammoho le litlhaka tse pakeng tsa mela. Mekhoa ena e tla thusa ho fumana kotulo e ntle.

Li-tubers tsa pele li ka chekoa bohareng ba lehlabula, empa sehlahisoa se seholo se bokelloa lilemong tse leshome tse peli tsa September. Beke pele u hloekisa lebala, u lokela ho lokolla, le letsatsi kapa a mabeli ho khaola litlhōrō. Sena se tla lumella li-tubers hore li bokelle limatlafatsi tse ngata.

Root meroho ha e senyeha ha e cheka, likotsi tse nyenyane li fola kapele. Ka mor'a ho cheka, litapole li behiloe setulong hore li omelle. Nakong ea leholimo le koahetsoeng ke metsi, tubers li omisitsoe tlas'a letamo.

Maloetse le tse senyang lijalo

Litapole ha li fapane matla a ho itšireletsa mafung, peo ha e senyehe.

Mefuta e fapaneng e sirelelitsoe ho tloha morao ho blight ea tubers le makhasi, cyst nematode, e tloaelehileng scab, kankere ea litapole. Bakeng sa merero ea ho phekola, ho khothalletsoa ho fafatsa limela le litokisetso tsa koporo.

Bala hape ka Alternaria, Fusarium le Verticillium wilt.

Ho hlokahala ka lokolla mobu pele o lema, 'me ka mor'a ho kotula ka hloko khetha ho eona e lebetsoeng tubers, e leng sebaka se hlahisang likokoana-hloko le likokoanyana tse senyang likokoanyana.

The botve limela ba sokeloa ke Colorado maleshoane, tubers hangata ama le larvae ea tobetsa maleshoane. Ho thibela ponahalo ea phekolo ea thuso ka likokoanyana tse bolaeang likokoanyana, mesebetsi e lokela ho qala pele lema li-tubers. Ho bohlokoa ho nako le nako ho fetola libaka tsa ho lema.

Meadow joang, radish, k'habeche kapa linaoa e tla ba li-precurse tse ntle tsa litapole. Ha ho kgothaletswe ho jala litapole libetheng tse nang le litamati kapa li-eggplant.

Litapole tse fapa-fapaneng "Mozart" - khetho e ntle bakeng sa lihoai kapa balemi ba lirapa ba tsitsitseng. Eena ha se hlokomelehe, e kotuloa ka ho lekaneng, ka tlhokomelo e fokolang e fana ka tiiso e babatsehang le tlhaloso tubers. Lisebelisuoa tsa peo ha li itšetlehe ka ho senyeha ha lijo, e leng se u lumellang ho e bokella kamehla, ho boloka ka theko ea ho jala li-tubers.

Bala hape ka mekhoa e meng ea litapole tse ntseng li hōla: thekenoloji ea Dutch, ntle le weeding le hilling, tlas'a joang, ka mekotleng, ka melikong, ka mabokoseng.

Lebitso la mabitsoMeteor
Litšobotsi tse tloaelehilengMefuta e sa tšoaneng ea lipalesa tsa lipalesa tsa Madache, e mamellang komello le lipalangoang
Nako ea botšehaliMatsatsi a 80-110
Tšoaetso ea starch14-17%
Bongata ba li-tubers tsa khoebo100-143 g
Palo ea li-tuber morung12-15
Tlisa400-600 c / ha
Boleng ba barekimonate o motle, boemong bo tloaelehileng ba botsitso
Ho tsosolosoa92%
'Mala oa letlaloe khubelu
'Mala o motalamosehla
Libaka tse ntseng li hōla tse khethiloengNorth-West, Central, Volga-Vyatka, Central Central Earth, North Caucasus
Mafu a ho hanyetsaka mokhoa o leka-lekaneng ba hlaseloa ke morao koana, ho hanyetsa ho hlaba le nematode
Lintho tsa ho hōlatekanyo ea agrotechnology, e mamelle mocheso le komello
MoqapiHZPC Holland B.V. (Netherlands)